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Civilization in the United States
Civilization in the United States

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of Civilization in the United States is here in full — 449 sentences across 90 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/89 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
We cross a chasm, from these sombre psycho-realists, to the colourists.
To these, one finds, what is human in behaviour or motive is of importance only in so far as it affords colour or offers possibilities of pattern.
Mr. Fletcher is the most brilliant of this group, and the most “uncontrolled”: his colourism, at its best, is a pure, an astonishingly absolute thing.
The “human” element he wisely leaves alone--it baffles and escapes him.
One is aware that this kaleidoscopic whirl of colour is “wrung out” of Mr. Fletcher, that it conveys what is for him an intense personal drama, but this does not make his work “human.”
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Civilization in the United States

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of Civilization in the United States is here in full — 449 sentences across 90 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/89 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
We cross a chasm, from these sombre psycho-realists, to the colourists.
Line 2
To these, one finds, what is human in behaviour or motive is of importance only in so far as it affords colour or offers possibilities of pattern.
/tuː ðiːz wʌn faɪndz wʌt ɪz ˈhjuːmən ɪn bɪˈheɪvjər ɔːr ˈmoʊtɪv ɪz ʌv ˌɪmˈpɔːrtəns ˈoʊnli ɪn soʊ fɑːr æz ɪt əˈfɔːrdz ˈkʌlər ɔːr ˈɔːfərz ˌpɑːsəˈbɪlətiz ʌv ˈpætərn/
Line 3
Mr. Fletcher is the most brilliant of this group, and the most “uncontrolled”: his colourism, at its best, is a pure, an astonishingly absolute thing.
Line 4
The “human” element he wisely leaves alone--it baffles and escapes him.
Line 5
One is aware that this kaleidoscopic whirl of colour is “wrung out” of Mr. Fletcher, that it conveys what is for him an intense personal drama, but this does not make his work “human.”

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

affords verb US /əˈfɔːrdz/

third-person singular of “afford” — be able to spare or give up

From this reading “To these, one finds, what is human in behaviour or motive is of importance only in so far as it affords colour or offers possibilities of pattern.”

astonishingly adverb US /əˈstɑːnɪʃɪŋli/

in an amazing manner; to everyone's surprise

From this reading “Mr. Fletcher is the most brilliant of this group, and the most “uncontrolled”: his colourism, at its best, is a pure, an astonishingly absolute thing.”

baffles noun US /ˈbæfəlz/

plural of “baffle” — a flat plate that controls or directs the flow of fluid or energy

From this reading “The “human” element he wisely leaves alone--it baffles and escapes him.”

chasm noun US /ˈkæzəm/

a deep opening in the earth's surface

From this reading “We cross a chasm, from these sombre psycho-realists, to the colourists.”

conveys verb US /kənˈveɪz/

third-person singular of “convey” — (of information) make known; pass on

From this reading “One is aware that this kaleidoscopic whirl of colour is “wrung out” of Mr. Fletcher, that it conveys what is for him an intense personal drama, but this does not make his work “human.””

escapes noun US /ɪˈskeɪps/

plural of “escape” — the act of escaping physically

From this reading “The “human” element he wisely leaves alone--it baffles and escapes him.”

Fletcher noun US /ˈfletʃər/

prolific English dramatist who collaborated with Francis Beaumont and many other dramatists (1579-1625)

From this reading “Mr. Fletcher is the most brilliant of this group, and the most “uncontrolled”: his colourism, at its best, is a pure, an astonishingly absolute thing.”

uncontrolled adjective US /ˌʌnkənˈtroʊld/

not being under control; out of control

From this reading “Mr. Fletcher is the most brilliant of this group, and the most “uncontrolled”: his colourism, at its best, is a pure, an astonishingly absolute thing.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

most brilliant adverb + adjective

In this reading “Mr. Fletcher is the most brilliant of this group, and the most “uncontrolled”: his colourism, at its best, is a pure, an astonishingly absolute thing.”

All words in this reading · 74

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading We cross a chasm, from these sombre psycho-realists, to the colourists.

absoluteadjectiveUS /ˈæbsəluːt/

perfect or complete or pure

From this reading Mr. Fletcher is the most brilliant of this group, and the most “uncontrolled”: his colourism, at its best, is a pure, an astonishingly absolute thing.

affordsverbUS /əˈfɔːrdz/

third-person singular of “afford” — be able to spare or give up

From this reading To these, one finds, what is human in behaviour or motive is of importance only in so far as it affords colour or offers possibilities of pattern.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading The “human” element he wisely leaves alone--it baffles and escapes him.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Mr. Fletcher is the most brilliant of this group, and the most “uncontrolled”: his colourism, at its best, is a pure, an astonishingly absolute thing.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Mr. Fletcher is the most brilliant of this group, and the most “uncontrolled”: his colourism, at its best, is a pure, an astonishingly absolute thing.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading To these, one finds, what is human in behaviour or motive is of importance only in so far as it affords colour or offers possibilities of pattern.

astonishinglyadverbUS /əˈstɑːnɪʃɪŋli/

in an amazing manner; to everyone's surprise

From this reading Mr. Fletcher is the most brilliant of this group, and the most “uncontrolled”: his colourism, at its best, is a pure, an astonishingly absolute thing.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Mr. Fletcher is the most brilliant of this group, and the most “uncontrolled”: his colourism, at its best, is a pure, an astonishingly absolute thing.

awareadjectiveUS /əˈwer/

(sometimes followed by “of”) having or showing knowledge or understanding or realization or perception

From this reading One is aware that this kaleidoscopic whirl of colour is “wrung out” of Mr. Fletcher, that it conveys what is for him an intense personal drama, but this does not make his work “human.”

bafflesnounUS /ˈbæfəlz/

plural of “baffle” — a flat plate that controls or directs the flow of fluid or energy

From this reading The “human” element he wisely leaves alone--it baffles and escapes him.

behaviournounUS /bɪˈheɪvjər/

the action or reaction of something (as a machine or substance) under specified circumstances

From this reading To these, one finds, what is human in behaviour or motive is of importance only in so far as it affords colour or offers possibilities of pattern.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading Mr. Fletcher is the most brilliant of this group, and the most “uncontrolled”: his colourism, at its best, is a pure, an astonishingly absolute thing.

brilliantadjectiveUS /ˈbrɪljənt/

of surpassing excellence

From this reading Mr. Fletcher is the most brilliant of this group, and the most “uncontrolled”: his colourism, at its best, is a pure, an astonishingly absolute thing.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading One is aware that this kaleidoscopic whirl of colour is “wrung out” of Mr. Fletcher, that it conveys what is for him an intense personal drama, but this does not make his work “human.”

chasmnounUS /ˈkæzəm/

a deep opening in the earth's surface

From this reading We cross a chasm, from these sombre psycho-realists, to the colourists.

colouradjectiveUS /ˈkʌlər/

having or capable of producing colors

From this reading To these, one finds, what is human in behaviour or motive is of importance only in so far as it affords colour or offers possibilities of pattern.

colourism

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Fletcher is the most brilliant of this group, and the most “uncontrolled”: his colourism, at its best, is a pure, an astonishingly absolute thing.

colourists

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We cross a chasm, from these sombre psycho-realists, to the colourists.

conveysverbUS /kənˈveɪz/

third-person singular of “convey” — (of information) make known; pass on

From this reading One is aware that this kaleidoscopic whirl of colour is “wrung out” of Mr. Fletcher, that it conveys what is for him an intense personal drama, but this does not make his work “human.”

crossverbUS /krɔːs/

travel across or pass over

From this reading We cross a chasm, from these sombre psycho-realists, to the colourists.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading One is aware that this kaleidoscopic whirl of colour is “wrung out” of Mr. Fletcher, that it conveys what is for him an intense personal drama, but this does not make his work “human.”

dramanounUS /ˈdrɑːmə/

a dramatic work intended for performance by actors on a stage

From this reading One is aware that this kaleidoscopic whirl of colour is “wrung out” of Mr. Fletcher, that it conveys what is for him an intense personal drama, but this does not make his work “human.”

elementnounUS /ˈeləmənt/

an abstract part of something

From this reading The “human” element he wisely leaves alone--it baffles and escapes him.

escapesnounUS /ɪˈskeɪps/

plural of “escape” — the act of escaping physically

From this reading The “human” element he wisely leaves alone--it baffles and escapes him.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading To these, one finds, what is human in behaviour or motive is of importance only in so far as it affords colour or offers possibilities of pattern.

findsnounUS /faɪndz/

plural of “find” — a productive insight

From this reading To these, one finds, what is human in behaviour or motive is of importance only in so far as it affords colour or offers possibilities of pattern.

FletchernounUS /ˈfletʃər/

prolific English dramatist who collaborated with Francis Beaumont and many other dramatists (1579-1625)

From this reading Mr. Fletcher is the most brilliant of this group, and the most “uncontrolled”: his colourism, at its best, is a pure, an astonishingly absolute thing.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading One is aware that this kaleidoscopic whirl of colour is “wrung out” of Mr. Fletcher, that it conveys what is for him an intense personal drama, but this does not make his work “human.”

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading We cross a chasm, from these sombre psycho-realists, to the colourists.

groupnounUS /ɡruːp/

any number of entities (members) considered as a unit

From this reading Mr. Fletcher is the most brilliant of this group, and the most “uncontrolled”: his colourism, at its best, is a pure, an astonishingly absolute thing.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The “human” element he wisely leaves alone--it baffles and escapes him.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The “human” element he wisely leaves alone--it baffles and escapes him.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Mr. Fletcher is the most brilliant of this group, and the most “uncontrolled”: his colourism, at its best, is a pure, an astonishingly absolute thing.

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading To these, one finds, what is human in behaviour or motive is of importance only in so far as it affords colour or offers possibilities of pattern.

importancenounUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtəns/

the quality of being important and worthy of note

From this reading To these, one finds, what is human in behaviour or motive is of importance only in so far as it affords colour or offers possibilities of pattern.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading To these, one finds, what is human in behaviour or motive is of importance only in so far as it affords colour or offers possibilities of pattern.

intenseadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtens/

possessing or displaying a distinctive feature to a heightened degree

From this reading One is aware that this kaleidoscopic whirl of colour is “wrung out” of Mr. Fletcher, that it conveys what is for him an intense personal drama, but this does not make his work “human.”

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading To these, one finds, what is human in behaviour or motive is of importance only in so far as it affords colour or offers possibilities of pattern.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading To these, one finds, what is human in behaviour or motive is of importance only in so far as it affords colour or offers possibilities of pattern.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Mr. Fletcher is the most brilliant of this group, and the most “uncontrolled”: his colourism, at its best, is a pure, an astonishingly absolute thing.

kaleidoscopicadjective

continually shifting or rapidly changing

From this reading One is aware that this kaleidoscopic whirl of colour is “wrung out” of Mr. Fletcher, that it conveys what is for him an intense personal drama, but this does not make his work “human.”

leavesnounUS /liːvz/

plural of “leaf” — the main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants

From this reading The “human” element he wisely leaves alone--it baffles and escapes him.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading One is aware that this kaleidoscopic whirl of colour is “wrung out” of Mr. Fletcher, that it conveys what is for him an intense personal drama, but this does not make his work “human.”

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Mr. Fletcher is the most brilliant of this group, and the most “uncontrolled”: his colourism, at its best, is a pure, an astonishingly absolute thing.

motivenounUS /ˈmoʊtɪv/

the psychological feature that arouses an organism to action toward a desired goal; the reason for the action; that which gives purpose and direction to behavior

From this reading To these, one finds, what is human in behaviour or motive is of importance only in so far as it affords colour or offers possibilities of pattern.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading Mr. Fletcher is the most brilliant of this group, and the most “uncontrolled”: his colourism, at its best, is a pure, an astonishingly absolute thing.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading One is aware that this kaleidoscopic whirl of colour is “wrung out” of Mr. Fletcher, that it conveys what is for him an intense personal drama, but this does not make his work “human.”

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading To these, one finds, what is human in behaviour or motive is of importance only in so far as it affords colour or offers possibilities of pattern.

offersnounUS /ˈɔːfərz/

plural of “offer” — the verbal act of offering

From this reading To these, one finds, what is human in behaviour or motive is of importance only in so far as it affords colour or offers possibilities of pattern.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading To these, one finds, what is human in behaviour or motive is of importance only in so far as it affords colour or offers possibilities of pattern.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading To these, one finds, what is human in behaviour or motive is of importance only in so far as it affords colour or offers possibilities of pattern.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading To these, one finds, what is human in behaviour or motive is of importance only in so far as it affords colour or offers possibilities of pattern.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading One is aware that this kaleidoscopic whirl of colour is “wrung out” of Mr. Fletcher, that it conveys what is for him an intense personal drama, but this does not make his work “human.”

patternnounUS /ˈpætərn/

a perceptual structure

From this reading To these, one finds, what is human in behaviour or motive is of importance only in so far as it affords colour or offers possibilities of pattern.

personaladjectiveUS /ˈpɜːrsɪnəl/

concerning or affecting a particular person or his or her private life and personality

From this reading One is aware that this kaleidoscopic whirl of colour is “wrung out” of Mr. Fletcher, that it conveys what is for him an intense personal drama, but this does not make his work “human.”

possibilitiesnounUS /ˌpɑːsəˈbɪlətiz/

plural of “possibility” — a future prospect or potential

From this reading To these, one finds, what is human in behaviour or motive is of importance only in so far as it affords colour or offers possibilities of pattern.

psycho-realists

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We cross a chasm, from these sombre psycho-realists, to the colourists.

pureadjectiveUS /pjʊr/

free of extraneous elements of any kind

From this reading Mr. Fletcher is the most brilliant of this group, and the most “uncontrolled”: his colourism, at its best, is a pure, an astonishingly absolute thing.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading To these, one finds, what is human in behaviour or motive is of importance only in so far as it affords colour or offers possibilities of pattern.

sombreadjective

lacking brightness or color; dull

From this reading We cross a chasm, from these sombre psycho-realists, to the colourists.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading One is aware that this kaleidoscopic whirl of colour is “wrung out” of Mr. Fletcher, that it conveys what is for him an intense personal drama, but this does not make his work “human.”

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading We cross a chasm, from these sombre psycho-realists, to the colourists.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading We cross a chasm, from these sombre psycho-realists, to the colourists.

thingnounUS /θɪŋ/

a special situation

From this reading Mr. Fletcher is the most brilliant of this group, and the most “uncontrolled”: his colourism, at its best, is a pure, an astonishingly absolute thing.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Mr. Fletcher is the most brilliant of this group, and the most “uncontrolled”: his colourism, at its best, is a pure, an astonishingly absolute thing.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading We cross a chasm, from these sombre psycho-realists, to the colourists.

uncontrolledadjectiveUS /ˌʌnkənˈtroʊld/

not being under control; out of control

From this reading Mr. Fletcher is the most brilliant of this group, and the most “uncontrolled”: his colourism, at its best, is a pure, an astonishingly absolute thing.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We cross a chasm, from these sombre psycho-realists, to the colourists.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading To these, one finds, what is human in behaviour or motive is of importance only in so far as it affords colour or offers possibilities of pattern.

whirlverbUS /wɜːrl/

turn in a twisting or spinning motion

From this reading One is aware that this kaleidoscopic whirl of colour is “wrung out” of Mr. Fletcher, that it conveys what is for him an intense personal drama, but this does not make his work “human.”

wiselyadverbUS /ˈwaɪzli/

in a wise manner

From this reading The “human” element he wisely leaves alone--it baffles and escapes him.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading One is aware that this kaleidoscopic whirl of colour is “wrung out” of Mr. Fletcher, that it conveys what is for him an intense personal drama, but this does not make his work “human.”

wrungverbUS /rʌŋ/

inflected form of “wring” — twist and press out of shape

From this reading One is aware that this kaleidoscopic whirl of colour is “wrung out” of Mr. Fletcher, that it conveys what is for him an intense personal drama, but this does not make his work “human.”

Chapter 7 of Civilization in the United States by Harold [Editor] Stearns holds 449 sentences, grouped into 90 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of Civilization in the United States contain?

Chapter 7 holds 449 sentences of Civilization in the United States, unabridged, divided into 90 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of Civilization in the United States by Harold [Editor] Stearns exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 449 sentences, grouped into 90 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of Civilization in the United States?

Work through the 90 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 90 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Civilization in the United States

Common questions about reading Civilization in the United States by Harold [Editor] Stearns on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Civilization in the United States?

Yes. All 7697 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #68385 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Civilization in the United States is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #68385, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Civilization in the United States take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1540 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Civilization in the United States section by section

How to work through Civilization in the United States section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 17 chapters of Civilization in the United States to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Civilization in the United States

Words and structures a reader meets early in Civilization in the United States, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Italic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Civilization in the United States; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Enclosed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Civilization in the United States; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Underscores
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Civilization in the United States; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Boldface
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Civilization in the United States; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.