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Clara Hopgood
Clara Hopgood

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Clara Hopgood is here in full — 122 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/24 · 5 lines
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FRANK PALMER, the gentleman whom we saw descend from the coach, was the eldest son of a wholesale and manufacturing chemist in London.
He was now about five-and-twenty, and having just been admitted as a partner, he had begun, as the custom was in those days, to travel for his firm.
The elder Mr Palmer was a man of refinement, something more than a Whig in politics, and an enthusiastic member of the Broad Church party, which was then becoming a power in the country.
He was well-to-do, living in a fine old red-brick house at Stoke Newington, with half-a-dozen acres of ground round it, and, if Frank had been born thirty years later, he would probably have gone to Cambridge or Oxford.
In those days, however, it was not the custom to send boys to the Universities unless they were intended for the law, divinity or idleness, and Frank’s training, which was begun at St Paul’s school, was completed there.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Clara Hopgood

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Clara Hopgood is here in full — 122 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/24 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
FRANK PALMER, the gentleman whom we saw descend from the coach, was the eldest son of a wholesale and manufacturing chemist in London.
/fræŋk ˈpɑːmər ðə ˈdʒentəlmən huːm wiː sɔː dɪˈsend frʌm ðə koʊtʃ wɑːz ðə ˈeldəst sʌn ʌv ə ˈhoʊlseɪl ənd ˌmænjəˈfæktʃərɪŋ ˈkemɪst ɪn ˈlʌndən/
Line 2
He was now about five-and-twenty, and having just been admitted as a partner, he had begun, as the custom was in those days, to travel for his firm.
Line 3
The elder Mr Palmer was a man of refinement, something more than a Whig in politics, and an enthusiastic member of the Broad Church party, which was then becoming a power in the country.
/ðə ˈeldər ˈmɪstər ˈpɑːmər wɑːz ə mæn ʌv rəˈfaɪnmənt ˈsʌmθɪŋ mɔːr ðæn ə wɪɡ ɪn ˈpɑːlətɪks ənd æn ɪnˌθuːziˈæstɪk ˈmembər ʌv ðə brɔːd tʃɜːrtʃ ˈpɑːrti wɪtʃ wɑːz ðen bɪˈkʌmɪŋ ə ˈpaʊər ɪn ðə ˈkʌntri/
Line 4
He was well-to-do, living in a fine old red-brick house at Stoke Newington, with half-a-dozen acres of ground round it, and, if Frank had been born thirty years later, he would probably have gone to Cambridge or Oxford.
Line 5
In those days, however, it was not the custom to send boys to the Universities unless they were intended for the law, divinity or idleness, and Frank’s training, which was begun at St Paul’s school, was completed there.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

chemist noun US /ˈkemɪst/

a scientist who specializes in chemistry

From this reading “FRANK PALMER, the gentleman whom we saw descend from the coach, was the eldest son of a wholesale and manufacturing chemist in London.”

Frank's noun US /fræŋks/

possessive form of “frank” — a member of the ancient Germanic peoples who spread from the Rhine into the Roman Empire in the 4th century

manufacturing noun US /ˌmænjəˈfæktʃərɪŋ/

the act of making something (a product) from raw materials

From this reading “FRANK PALMER, the gentleman whom we saw descend from the coach, was the eldest son of a wholesale and manufacturing chemist in London.”

Paul's noun US /pɔːlz/

possessive form of “paul” — United States feminist (1885-1977)

Stoke verb US /stoʊk/

stir up or tend; of a fire

From this reading “He was well-to-do, living in a fine old red-brick house at Stoke Newington, with half-a-dozen acres of ground round it, and, if Frank had been born thirty years later, he would probably have gone to Cambridge or Oxford.”

Universities noun US /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsətiz/

plural of “university” — the body of faculty and students at a university

From this reading “In those days, however, it was not the custom to send boys to the Universities unless they were intended for the law, divinity or idleness, and Frank’s training, which was begun at St Paul’s school, was completed there.”

Whig noun US /wɪɡ/

a member of the political party that urged social reform in 18th and 19th century England; was the opposition party to the Tories

From this reading “The elder Mr Palmer was a man of refinement, something more than a Whig in politics, and an enthusiastic member of the Broad Church party, which was then becoming a power in the country.”

wholesale adverb US /ˈhoʊlseɪl/

at a wholesale price

From this reading “FRANK PALMER, the gentleman whom we saw descend from the coach, was the eldest son of a wholesale and manufacturing chemist in London.”

All words in this reading · 107

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading FRANK PALMER, the gentleman whom we saw descend from the coach, was the eldest son of a wholesale and manufacturing chemist in London.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading He was now about five-and-twenty, and having just been admitted as a partner, he had begun, as the custom was in those days, to travel for his firm.

acresnounUS /ˈeɪkərz/

extensive landed property (especially in the country) retained by the owner for his own use

From this reading He was well-to-do, living in a fine old red-brick house at Stoke Newington, with half-a-dozen acres of ground round it, and, if Frank had been born thirty years later, he would probably have gone to Cambridge or Oxford.

admittedverbUS /ədˈmɪtɪd/

inflected form of “admit” — declare to be true or admit the existence or reality or truth of

From this reading He was now about five-and-twenty, and having just been admitted as a partner, he had begun, as the custom was in those days, to travel for his firm.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The elder Mr Palmer was a man of refinement, something more than a Whig in politics, and an enthusiastic member of the Broad Church party, which was then becoming a power in the country.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading FRANK PALMER, the gentleman whom we saw descend from the coach, was the eldest son of a wholesale and manufacturing chemist in London.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading He was now about five-and-twenty, and having just been admitted as a partner, he had begun, as the custom was in those days, to travel for his firm.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading He was well-to-do, living in a fine old red-brick house at Stoke Newington, with half-a-dozen acres of ground round it, and, if Frank had been born thirty years later, he would probably have gone to Cambridge or Oxford.

becomingadjectiveUS /bɪˈkʌmɪŋ/

according with custom or propriety

From this reading The elder Mr Palmer was a man of refinement, something more than a Whig in politics, and an enthusiastic member of the Broad Church party, which was then becoming a power in the country.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading He was now about five-and-twenty, and having just been admitted as a partner, he had begun, as the custom was in those days, to travel for his firm.

begunverbUS /bɪˈɡʌn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading He was now about five-and-twenty, and having just been admitted as a partner, he had begun, as the custom was in those days, to travel for his firm.

bornadjectiveUS /bɔːrn/

brought into existence

From this reading He was well-to-do, living in a fine old red-brick house at Stoke Newington, with half-a-dozen acres of ground round it, and, if Frank had been born thirty years later, he would probably have gone to Cambridge or Oxford.

boysnounUS /bɔɪz/

plural of “boy” — a youthful male person

From this reading In those days, however, it was not the custom to send boys to the Universities unless they were intended for the law, divinity or idleness, and Frank’s training, which was begun at St Paul’s school, was completed there.

BroadadjectiveUS /brɔːd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading The elder Mr Palmer was a man of refinement, something more than a Whig in politics, and an enthusiastic member of the Broad Church party, which was then becoming a power in the country.

CambridgenounUS /ˈkeɪmbrɪdʒ/

a university in England

From this reading He was well-to-do, living in a fine old red-brick house at Stoke Newington, with half-a-dozen acres of ground round it, and, if Frank had been born thirty years later, he would probably have gone to Cambridge or Oxford.

chemistnounUS /ˈkemɪst/

a scientist who specializes in chemistry

From this reading FRANK PALMER, the gentleman whom we saw descend from the coach, was the eldest son of a wholesale and manufacturing chemist in London.

ChurchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading The elder Mr Palmer was a man of refinement, something more than a Whig in politics, and an enthusiastic member of the Broad Church party, which was then becoming a power in the country.

coachverbUS /koʊtʃ/

teach and supervise (someone); act as a trainer or coach (to), as in sports

From this reading FRANK PALMER, the gentleman whom we saw descend from the coach, was the eldest son of a wholesale and manufacturing chemist in London.

completedadjectiveUS /kəmˈpliːtəd/

successfully completed or brought to an end

From this reading In those days, however, it was not the custom to send boys to the Universities unless they were intended for the law, divinity or idleness, and Frank’s training, which was begun at St Paul’s school, was completed there.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading The elder Mr Palmer was a man of refinement, something more than a Whig in politics, and an enthusiastic member of the Broad Church party, which was then becoming a power in the country.

customnounUS /ˈkʌstəm/

accepted or habitual practice

From this reading He was now about five-and-twenty, and having just been admitted as a partner, he had begun, as the custom was in those days, to travel for his firm.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading He was now about five-and-twenty, and having just been admitted as a partner, he had begun, as the custom was in those days, to travel for his firm.

descendverbUS /dɪˈsend/

move downward and lower, but not necessarily all the way

From this reading FRANK PALMER, the gentleman whom we saw descend from the coach, was the eldest son of a wholesale and manufacturing chemist in London.

divinitynounUS /dɪˈvɪnəti/

any supernatural being worshipped as controlling some part of the world or some aspect of life or who is the personification of a force

From this reading In those days, however, it was not the custom to send boys to the Universities unless they were intended for the law, divinity or idleness, and Frank’s training, which was begun at St Paul’s school, was completed there.

eldernounUS /ˈeldər/

a person who is older than you are

From this reading The elder Mr Palmer was a man of refinement, something more than a Whig in politics, and an enthusiastic member of the Broad Church party, which was then becoming a power in the country.

eldestadjectiveUS /ˈeldəst/

first in order of birth

From this reading FRANK PALMER, the gentleman whom we saw descend from the coach, was the eldest son of a wholesale and manufacturing chemist in London.

enthusiasticadjectiveUS /ɪnˌθuːziˈæstɪk/

having or showing great excitement and interest

From this reading The elder Mr Palmer was a man of refinement, something more than a Whig in politics, and an enthusiastic member of the Broad Church party, which was then becoming a power in the country.

fineadjectiveUS /faɪn/

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading He was well-to-do, living in a fine old red-brick house at Stoke Newington, with half-a-dozen acres of ground round it, and, if Frank had been born thirty years later, he would probably have gone to Cambridge or Oxford.

firmadjectiveUS /fɜːrm/

marked by firm determination or resolution; not shakable

From this reading He was now about five-and-twenty, and having just been admitted as a partner, he had begun, as the custom was in those days, to travel for his firm.

five-and-twenty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was now about five-and-twenty, and having just been admitted as a partner, he had begun, as the custom was in those days, to travel for his firm.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He was now about five-and-twenty, and having just been admitted as a partner, he had begun, as the custom was in those days, to travel for his firm.

FRANKadjectiveUS /fræŋk/

characterized by directness in manner or speech; without subtlety or evasion

From this reading FRANK PALMER, the gentleman whom we saw descend from the coach, was the eldest son of a wholesale and manufacturing chemist in London.

Frank'snounUS /fræŋks/

possessive form of “frank” — a member of the ancient Germanic peoples who spread from the Rhine into the Roman Empire in the 4th century

From this reading In those days, however, it was not the custom to send boys to the Universities unless they were intended for the law, divinity or idleness, and Frank’s training, which was begun at St Paul’s school, was completed there.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading FRANK PALMER, the gentleman whom we saw descend from the coach, was the eldest son of a wholesale and manufacturing chemist in London.

gentlemannounUS /ˈdʒentəlmən/

a man of refinement

From this reading FRANK PALMER, the gentleman whom we saw descend from the coach, was the eldest son of a wholesale and manufacturing chemist in London.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading He was well-to-do, living in a fine old red-brick house at Stoke Newington, with half-a-dozen acres of ground round it, and, if Frank had been born thirty years later, he would probably have gone to Cambridge or Oxford.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading He was well-to-do, living in a fine old red-brick house at Stoke Newington, with half-a-dozen acres of ground round it, and, if Frank had been born thirty years later, he would probably have gone to Cambridge or Oxford.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He was now about five-and-twenty, and having just been admitted as a partner, he had begun, as the custom was in those days, to travel for his firm.

half-a-dozen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was well-to-do, living in a fine old red-brick house at Stoke Newington, with half-a-dozen acres of ground round it, and, if Frank had been born thirty years later, he would probably have gone to Cambridge or Oxford.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading He was well-to-do, living in a fine old red-brick house at Stoke Newington, with half-a-dozen acres of ground round it, and, if Frank had been born thirty years later, he would probably have gone to Cambridge or Oxford.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading He was now about five-and-twenty, and having just been admitted as a partner, he had begun, as the custom was in those days, to travel for his firm.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was now about five-and-twenty, and having just been admitted as a partner, he had begun, as the custom was in those days, to travel for his firm.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He was now about five-and-twenty, and having just been admitted as a partner, he had begun, as the custom was in those days, to travel for his firm.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading He was well-to-do, living in a fine old red-brick house at Stoke Newington, with half-a-dozen acres of ground round it, and, if Frank had been born thirty years later, he would probably have gone to Cambridge or Oxford.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading In those days, however, it was not the custom to send boys to the Universities unless they were intended for the law, divinity or idleness, and Frank’s training, which was begun at St Paul’s school, was completed there.

idlenessnounUS /ˈaɪdəlnəs/

having no employment

From this reading In those days, however, it was not the custom to send boys to the Universities unless they were intended for the law, divinity or idleness, and Frank’s training, which was begun at St Paul’s school, was completed there.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading He was well-to-do, living in a fine old red-brick house at Stoke Newington, with half-a-dozen acres of ground round it, and, if Frank had been born thirty years later, he would probably have gone to Cambridge or Oxford.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading FRANK PALMER, the gentleman whom we saw descend from the coach, was the eldest son of a wholesale and manufacturing chemist in London.

intendedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtendɪd/

resulting from one's intentions

From this reading In those days, however, it was not the custom to send boys to the Universities unless they were intended for the law, divinity or idleness, and Frank’s training, which was begun at St Paul’s school, was completed there.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading He was well-to-do, living in a fine old red-brick house at Stoke Newington, with half-a-dozen acres of ground round it, and, if Frank had been born thirty years later, he would probably have gone to Cambridge or Oxford.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading He was now about five-and-twenty, and having just been admitted as a partner, he had begun, as the custom was in those days, to travel for his firm.

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading He was well-to-do, living in a fine old red-brick house at Stoke Newington, with half-a-dozen acres of ground round it, and, if Frank had been born thirty years later, he would probably have gone to Cambridge or Oxford.

lawnounUS /lɔː/

the collection of rules imposed by authority

From this reading In those days, however, it was not the custom to send boys to the Universities unless they were intended for the law, divinity or idleness, and Frank’s training, which was begun at St Paul’s school, was completed there.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading He was well-to-do, living in a fine old red-brick house at Stoke Newington, with half-a-dozen acres of ground round it, and, if Frank had been born thirty years later, he would probably have gone to Cambridge or Oxford.

LondonnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading FRANK PALMER, the gentleman whom we saw descend from the coach, was the eldest son of a wholesale and manufacturing chemist in London.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading The elder Mr Palmer was a man of refinement, something more than a Whig in politics, and an enthusiastic member of the Broad Church party, which was then becoming a power in the country.

manufacturingnounUS /ˌmænjəˈfæktʃərɪŋ/

the act of making something (a product) from raw materials

From this reading FRANK PALMER, the gentleman whom we saw descend from the coach, was the eldest son of a wholesale and manufacturing chemist in London.

membernounUS /ˈmembər/

one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)

From this reading The elder Mr Palmer was a man of refinement, something more than a Whig in politics, and an enthusiastic member of the Broad Church party, which was then becoming a power in the country.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The elder Mr Palmer was a man of refinement, something more than a Whig in politics, and an enthusiastic member of the Broad Church party, which was then becoming a power in the country.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading The elder Mr Palmer was a man of refinement, something more than a Whig in politics, and an enthusiastic member of the Broad Church party, which was then becoming a power in the country.

Newington

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was well-to-do, living in a fine old red-brick house at Stoke Newington, with half-a-dozen acres of ground round it, and, if Frank had been born thirty years later, he would probably have gone to Cambridge or Oxford.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading In those days, however, it was not the custom to send boys to the Universities unless they were intended for the law, divinity or idleness, and Frank’s training, which was begun at St Paul’s school, was completed there.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading He was now about five-and-twenty, and having just been admitted as a partner, he had begun, as the custom was in those days, to travel for his firm.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading FRANK PALMER, the gentleman whom we saw descend from the coach, was the eldest son of a wholesale and manufacturing chemist in London.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading He was well-to-do, living in a fine old red-brick house at Stoke Newington, with half-a-dozen acres of ground round it, and, if Frank had been born thirty years later, he would probably have gone to Cambridge or Oxford.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading He was well-to-do, living in a fine old red-brick house at Stoke Newington, with half-a-dozen acres of ground round it, and, if Frank had been born thirty years later, he would probably have gone to Cambridge or Oxford.

OxfordnounUS /ˈɑːksfərd/

a city in southern England to the northwest of London; site of Oxford University

From this reading He was well-to-do, living in a fine old red-brick house at Stoke Newington, with half-a-dozen acres of ground round it, and, if Frank had been born thirty years later, he would probably have gone to Cambridge or Oxford.

PALMERnounUS /ˈpɑːmər/

United States golfer (born in 1929)

From this reading FRANK PALMER, the gentleman whom we saw descend from the coach, was the eldest son of a wholesale and manufacturing chemist in London.

partnernounUS /ˈpɑːrtnər/

a person's partner in marriage

From this reading He was now about five-and-twenty, and having just been admitted as a partner, he had begun, as the custom was in those days, to travel for his firm.

partynounUS /ˈpɑːrti/

an organization to gain political power

From this reading The elder Mr Palmer was a man of refinement, something more than a Whig in politics, and an enthusiastic member of the Broad Church party, which was then becoming a power in the country.

Paul'snounUS /pɔːlz/

possessive form of “paul” — United States feminist (1885-1977)

From this reading In those days, however, it was not the custom to send boys to the Universities unless they were intended for the law, divinity or idleness, and Frank’s training, which was begun at St Paul’s school, was completed there.

politicsnounUS /ˈpɑːlətɪks/

social relations involving intrigue to gain authority or power

From this reading The elder Mr Palmer was a man of refinement, something more than a Whig in politics, and an enthusiastic member of the Broad Church party, which was then becoming a power in the country.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading The elder Mr Palmer was a man of refinement, something more than a Whig in politics, and an enthusiastic member of the Broad Church party, which was then becoming a power in the country.

probablyadverbUS /ˈprɑːbəbliː/

with considerable certainty; without much doubt

From this reading He was well-to-do, living in a fine old red-brick house at Stoke Newington, with half-a-dozen acres of ground round it, and, if Frank had been born thirty years later, he would probably have gone to Cambridge or Oxford.

red-brickadjective

of or relating to British universities founded in the late 19th century or the 20th century

From this reading He was well-to-do, living in a fine old red-brick house at Stoke Newington, with half-a-dozen acres of ground round it, and, if Frank had been born thirty years later, he would probably have gone to Cambridge or Oxford.

refinementnounUS /rəˈfaɪnmənt/

a highly developed state of perfection; having a flawless or impeccable quality

From this reading The elder Mr Palmer was a man of refinement, something more than a Whig in politics, and an enthusiastic member of the Broad Church party, which was then becoming a power in the country.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading He was well-to-do, living in a fine old red-brick house at Stoke Newington, with half-a-dozen acres of ground round it, and, if Frank had been born thirty years later, he would probably have gone to Cambridge or Oxford.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading FRANK PALMER, the gentleman whom we saw descend from the coach, was the eldest son of a wholesale and manufacturing chemist in London.

schoolnounUS /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading In those days, however, it was not the custom to send boys to the Universities unless they were intended for the law, divinity or idleness, and Frank’s training, which was begun at St Paul’s school, was completed there.

sendverbUS /send/

cause to go somewhere

From this reading In those days, however, it was not the custom to send boys to the Universities unless they were intended for the law, divinity or idleness, and Frank’s training, which was begun at St Paul’s school, was completed there.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading The elder Mr Palmer was a man of refinement, something more than a Whig in politics, and an enthusiastic member of the Broad Church party, which was then becoming a power in the country.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading FRANK PALMER, the gentleman whom we saw descend from the coach, was the eldest son of a wholesale and manufacturing chemist in London.

St

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In those days, however, it was not the custom to send boys to the Universities unless they were intended for the law, divinity or idleness, and Frank’s training, which was begun at St Paul’s school, was completed there.

StokeverbUS /stoʊk/

stir up or tend; of a fire

From this reading He was well-to-do, living in a fine old red-brick house at Stoke Newington, with half-a-dozen acres of ground round it, and, if Frank had been born thirty years later, he would probably have gone to Cambridge or Oxford.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The elder Mr Palmer was a man of refinement, something more than a Whig in politics, and an enthusiastic member of the Broad Church party, which was then becoming a power in the country.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading FRANK PALMER, the gentleman whom we saw descend from the coach, was the eldest son of a wholesale and manufacturing chemist in London.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading The elder Mr Palmer was a man of refinement, something more than a Whig in politics, and an enthusiastic member of the Broad Church party, which was then becoming a power in the country.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading In those days, however, it was not the custom to send boys to the Universities unless they were intended for the law, divinity or idleness, and Frank’s training, which was begun at St Paul’s school, was completed there.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading In those days, however, it was not the custom to send boys to the Universities unless they were intended for the law, divinity or idleness, and Frank’s training, which was begun at St Paul’s school, was completed there.

thirtynounUS /ˈθɜːrdiː/

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and three

From this reading He was well-to-do, living in a fine old red-brick house at Stoke Newington, with half-a-dozen acres of ground round it, and, if Frank had been born thirty years later, he would probably have gone to Cambridge or Oxford.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading He was now about five-and-twenty, and having just been admitted as a partner, he had begun, as the custom was in those days, to travel for his firm.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He was now about five-and-twenty, and having just been admitted as a partner, he had begun, as the custom was in those days, to travel for his firm.

trainingnounUS /ˈtreɪnɪŋ/

activity leading to skilled behavior

From this reading In those days, however, it was not the custom to send boys to the Universities unless they were intended for the law, divinity or idleness, and Frank’s training, which was begun at St Paul’s school, was completed there.

travelverbUS /ˈtrævəl/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading He was now about five-and-twenty, and having just been admitted as a partner, he had begun, as the custom was in those days, to travel for his firm.

UniversitiesnounUS /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsətiz/

plural of “university” — the body of faculty and students at a university

From this reading In those days, however, it was not the custom to send boys to the Universities unless they were intended for the law, divinity or idleness, and Frank’s training, which was begun at St Paul’s school, was completed there.

unlessconjunctionUS /ənˈles/

except if; if not

From this reading In those days, however, it was not the custom to send boys to the Universities unless they were intended for the law, divinity or idleness, and Frank’s training, which was begun at St Paul’s school, was completed there.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading FRANK PALMER, the gentleman whom we saw descend from the coach, was the eldest son of a wholesale and manufacturing chemist in London.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading FRANK PALMER, the gentleman whom we saw descend from the coach, was the eldest son of a wholesale and manufacturing chemist in London.

well-to-doadjective

in fortunate circumstances financially; moderately rich

From this reading He was well-to-do, living in a fine old red-brick house at Stoke Newington, with half-a-dozen acres of ground round it, and, if Frank had been born thirty years later, he would probably have gone to Cambridge or Oxford.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading In those days, however, it was not the custom to send boys to the Universities unless they were intended for the law, divinity or idleness, and Frank’s training, which was begun at St Paul’s school, was completed there.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The elder Mr Palmer was a man of refinement, something more than a Whig in politics, and an enthusiastic member of the Broad Church party, which was then becoming a power in the country.

WhignounUS /wɪɡ/

a member of the political party that urged social reform in 18th and 19th century England; was the opposition party to the Tories

From this reading The elder Mr Palmer was a man of refinement, something more than a Whig in politics, and an enthusiastic member of the Broad Church party, which was then becoming a power in the country.

wholesaleadverbUS /ˈhoʊlseɪl/

at a wholesale price

From this reading FRANK PALMER, the gentleman whom we saw descend from the coach, was the eldest son of a wholesale and manufacturing chemist in London.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading FRANK PALMER, the gentleman whom we saw descend from the coach, was the eldest son of a wholesale and manufacturing chemist in London.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He was well-to-do, living in a fine old red-brick house at Stoke Newington, with half-a-dozen acres of ground round it, and, if Frank had been born thirty years later, he would probably have gone to Cambridge or Oxford.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading He was well-to-do, living in a fine old red-brick house at Stoke Newington, with half-a-dozen acres of ground round it, and, if Frank had been born thirty years later, he would probably have gone to Cambridge or Oxford.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading He was well-to-do, living in a fine old red-brick house at Stoke Newington, with half-a-dozen acres of ground round it, and, if Frank had been born thirty years later, he would probably have gone to Cambridge or Oxford.

Chapter 4 of Clara Hopgood by William Hale White holds 122 sentences, grouped into 25 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Clara Hopgood contain?

Chapter 4 holds 122 sentences of Clara Hopgood, unabridged, divided into 25 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Clara Hopgood by William Hale White exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 122 sentences, grouped into 25 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Clara Hopgood?

Work through the 25 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 25 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Clara Hopgood

Common questions about reading Clara Hopgood by William Hale White on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Clara Hopgood?

Yes. All 2479 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #5986 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Clara Hopgood is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #5986, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Clara Hopgood take to read?

About 206 minutes of reading across 496 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Clara Hopgood section by section

How to work through Clara Hopgood section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 28 chapters of Clara Hopgood to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Clara Hopgood

Words and structures a reader meets early in Clara Hopgood, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Miles
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Clara Hopgood; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
North-east
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Clara Hopgood; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Eastthorpe
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Clara Hopgood; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fenmarket
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Clara Hopgood; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.