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Les Misérables
Les Misérables

Chapter LXXXIX

Chapter 89 of Les Misérables is here in full — 67 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Chapter 89, section 1: End of the dictatorship. A whole European system crumbled away. The Empire sank into a gloom which resembled that of the Roman world as it expired. Again we behold the abyss, as in
Context Illustration Reading 1/13 · 5 lines
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End of the dictatorship.
A whole European system crumbled away.
The Empire sank into a gloom which resembled that of the Roman world as it expired.
Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.
The Empire was bewept,—let us acknowledge the fact,—and bewept by heroic eyes.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Les Misérables

Chapter LXXXIX

Chapter 89 of Les Misérables is here in full — 67 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/13 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
End of the dictatorship.
/end ʌv ðə dɪkˈteɪtərʃɪp/
Line 2
A whole European system crumbled away.
/ə hoʊl ˌjʊrəˈpiːən ˈsɪstəm ˈkrʌmbəld əˈweɪ/
Line 3
The Empire sank into a gloom which resembled that of the Roman world as it expired.
/ðə ˈempaɪər sæŋk ˈɪntuː ə ɡluːm wɪtʃ rɪˈzembəld ðæt ʌv ðə ˈroʊmən wɜːrld æz ɪt ɪkˈspaɪrd/
Line 4
Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.
Line 5
The Empire was bewept,—let us acknowledge the fact,—and bewept by heroic eyes.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

abyss noun US /əˈbɪs/

a bottomless gulf or pit; any unfathomable (or apparently unfathomable) cavity or chasm or void extending below (often used figuratively)

From this reading “Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.”

barbarians noun US /bɑːrˈberiənz/

plural of “barbarian” — a member of an uncivilized people

From this reading “Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.”

barbarism noun US /ˈbɑːrbərɪzəm/

a brutal barbarous savage act

From this reading “Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.”

crumbled verb US /ˈkrʌmbəld/

past form of “crumble” — fall apart

From this reading “A whole European system crumbled away.”

dictatorship noun US /dɪkˈteɪtərʃɪp/

a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)

From this reading “End of the dictatorship.”

European noun US /ˌjʊrəˈpiːən/

a native or inhabitant of Europe

From this reading “A whole European system crumbled away.”

expired adjective US /ɪkˈspaɪrd/

having come to an end or become void after passage of a period of time

From this reading “The Empire sank into a gloom which resembled that of the Roman world as it expired.”

resembled verb US /rɪˈzembəld/

past form of “resemble” — appear like; be similar or bear a likeness to

From this reading “The Empire sank into a gloom which resembled that of the Roman world as it expired.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

crumbled away verb + particle counted as “crumble away”

In this reading “A whole European system crumbled away.”

sank into verb + particle counted as “sink into”

In this reading “The Empire sank into a gloom which resembled that of the Roman world as it expired.”

into a gloom preposition + article + noun counted as “into … gloom”

In this reading “The Empire sank into a gloom which resembled that of the Roman world as it expired.”

name of verb + particle

In this reading “Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.”

All words in this reading · 58

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1815

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A whole European system crumbled away.

abyssnounUS /əˈbɪs/

a bottomless gulf or pit; any unfathomable (or apparently unfathomable) cavity or chasm or void extending below (often used figuratively)

From this reading Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.

acknowledgeverbUS /ækˈnɑːlɪdʒ/

declare to be true or admit the existence or reality or truth of

From this reading The Empire was bewept,—let us acknowledge the fact,—and bewept by heroic eyes.

AgainadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The Empire sank into a gloom which resembled that of the Roman world as it expired.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading A whole European system crumbled away.

barbariansnounUS /bɑːrˈberiənz/

plural of “barbarian” — a member of an uncivilized people

From this reading Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.

barbarismnounUS /ˈbɑːrbərɪzəm/

a brutal barbarous savage act

From this reading Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.

beholdverbUS /bɪˈhoʊld/

see with attention

From this reading Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.

bewept

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Empire was bewept,—let us acknowledge the fact,—and bewept by heroic eyes.

breathedadjectiveUS /briːðd/

uttered without voice

From this reading Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.

counter-revolution

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.

crumbledverbUS /ˈkrʌmbəld/

past form of “crumble” — fall apart

From this reading A whole European system crumbled away.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.

dictatorshipnounUS /dɪkˈteɪtərʃɪp/

a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)

From this reading End of the dictatorship.

EmpirenounUS /ˈempaɪər/

the domain ruled by an emperor or empress; the region over which imperial dominion is exercised

From this reading The Empire sank into a gloom which resembled that of the Roman world as it expired.

EndnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading End of the dictatorship.

EuropeannounUS /ˌjʊrəˈpiːən/

a native or inhabitant of Europe

From this reading A whole European system crumbled away.

expiredadjectiveUS /ɪkˈspaɪrd/

having come to an end or become void after passage of a period of time

From this reading The Empire sank into a gloom which resembled that of the Roman world as it expired.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading The Empire was bewept,—let us acknowledge the fact,—and bewept by heroic eyes.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading The Empire was bewept,—let us acknowledge the fact,—and bewept by heroic eyes.

fellverbUS /fel/

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.

gloomnounUS /ɡluːm/

a state of partial or total darkness

From this reading The Empire sank into a gloom which resembled that of the Roman world as it expired.

haltedverbUS /ˈhɔːltəd/

past form of “halt” — cause to stop

From this reading Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.

heroicadjectiveUS /hɪˈroʊɪk/

very imposing or impressive; surpassing the ordinary (especially in size or scale)

From this reading The Empire was bewept,—let us acknowledge the fact,—and bewept by heroic eyes.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The Empire sank into a gloom which resembled that of the Roman world as it expired.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The Empire sank into a gloom which resembled that of the Roman world as it expired.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading The Empire was bewept,—let us acknowledge the fact,—and bewept by heroic eyes.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading End of the dictatorship.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.

pantingnounUS /ˈpæntɪŋ/

breathing heavily (as after exertion)

From this reading Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.

petnounUS /pet/

a domesticated animal kept for companionship or amusement

From this reading Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.

resembledverbUS /rɪˈzembəld/

past form of “resemble” — appear like; be similar or bear a likeness to

From this reading The Empire sank into a gloom which resembled that of the Roman world as it expired.

RomanadjectiveUS /ˈroʊmən/

relating to or characteristic of people of Rome

From this reading The Empire sank into a gloom which resembled that of the Roman world as it expired.

sankverbUS /sæŋk/

inflected form of “sink” — fall or descend to a lower place or level

From this reading The Empire sank into a gloom which resembled that of the Roman world as it expired.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.

systemnounUS /ˈsɪstəm/

instrumentality that combines interrelated interacting artifacts designed to work as a coherent entity

From this reading A whole European system crumbled away.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The Empire sank into a gloom which resembled that of the Roman world as it expired.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading End of the dictatorship.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The Empire was bewept,—let us acknowledge the fact,—and bewept by heroic eyes.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Again we behold the abyss, as in the days of the barbarians; only the barbarism of 1815, which must be called by its pet name of the counter-revolution, was not long breathed, soon fell to panting, and halted short.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The Empire sank into a gloom which resembled that of the Roman world as it expired.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading A whole European system crumbled away.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading The Empire sank into a gloom which resembled that of the Roman world as it expired.

Chapter 89 of Les Misérables by Victor Hugo holds 67 sentences, grouped into 14 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 89 of Les Misérables contain?

Chapter 89 holds 67 sentences of Les Misérables, unabridged, divided into 14 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 89 of Les Misérables by Victor Hugo exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 67 sentences, grouped into 14 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 89 of Les Misérables?

Work through the 14 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 14 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 89 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 89 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Les Misérables

Common questions about reading Les Misérables by Victor Hugo on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Les Misérables?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Les Misérables is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Les Misérables take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Les Misérables section by section

How to work through Les Misérables section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 0 chapters of Les Misérables to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Les Misérables

Words and structures a reader meets early in Les Misérables, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of Les Misérables, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of Les Misérables, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of Les Misérables, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.