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The Hunchback of Notre-Dame
The Hunchback of Notre-Dame

Chapter XIV

Chapter 14 of The Hunchback of Notre-Dame is here in full — 104 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/20 · 5 lines
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The church of Notre-Dame de Paris is still no doubt, a majestic and sublime edifice.
But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.
On the face of this aged queen of our cathedrals, by the side of a wrinkle, one always finds a scar.
_Tempus edax, homo edacior_[18]; which I should be glad to translate thus: time is blind, man is stupid.
If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Hunchback of Notre-Dame

Chapter XIV

Chapter 14 of The Hunchback of Notre-Dame is here in full — 104 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/20 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The church of Notre-Dame de Paris is still no doubt, a majestic and sublime edifice.
Line 2
But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.
Line 3
On the face of this aged queen of our cathedrals, by the side of a wrinkle, one always finds a scar.
/ɑːn ðə feɪs ʌv ðɪs eɪdʒd kwiːn ʌv ˈaʊər kəˈθiːdrəlz baɪ ðə saɪd ʌv ə ˈrɪŋkəl wʌn ˈɔːlweɪz faɪndz ə skɑːr/
Line 4
_Tempus edax, homo edacior_[18]; which I should be glad to translate thus: time is blind, man is stupid.
Line 5
If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.
/ɪf wiː hæd ˈleʒər tuː ɪɡˈzæmɪn wɪð ðə ˈriːdər wʌn baɪ wʌn ðə daɪˈvɜːrs ˈtreɪsəz ʌv dɪˈstrʌkʃən ˌɪmˈprɪntɪd əˈpɑːn ðə oʊld tʃɜːrtʃ taɪmz ʃer wʊd biː ðə liːst ðə ʃer ʌv men ðə moʊst əˈspeʃli ðə men ʌv ɑːrt sɪns ðer hæv bɪn ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒəwəlz huː əˈsuːmd ðə ˈtaɪtəl ʌv ˈɑːrkətekts ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə læst tuː ˈsentʃəriz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

architects noun US /ˈɑːrkətekts/

plural of “architect” — someone who creates plans to be used in making something (such as buildings)

From this reading “If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.”

cathedrals noun US /kəˈθiːdrəlz/

plural of “cathedral” — any large and important church

From this reading “On the face of this aged queen of our cathedrals, by the side of a wrinkle, one always finds a scar.”

Charlemagne noun US /ˈʃɑːrləmeɪn/

king of the Franks and Holy Roman Emperor; conqueror of the Lombards and Saxons (742-814)

From this reading “But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.”

degradations noun US /ˌdeɡrəˈdeɪʃənz/

plural of “degradation” — changing to a lower state (a less respected state)

From this reading “But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.”

diverse adjective US /daɪˈvɜːrs/

many and different

From this reading “If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.”

homo noun US /ˈhoʊmoʊ/

someone who is sexually attracted to persons of the same sex

From this reading “_Tempus edax, homo edacior_[18]; which I should be glad to translate thus: time is blind, man is stupid.”

imprinted verb US /ˌɪmˈprɪntɪd/

past form of “imprint” — establish or impress firmly in the mind

From this reading “If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.”

mutilations noun US /ˌmjuːtəˈleɪʃənz/

plural of “mutilation” — an injury that causes disfigurement or that deprives you of a limb or other important body part

From this reading “But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

two centuries noun + noun counted as “two century”

In this reading “If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.”

old church adjective + noun

In this reading “If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.”

share of verb + particle

In this reading “If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.”

last two adjective + noun

In this reading “If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.”

by the side preposition + article + noun counted as “by … side”

In this reading “On the face of this aged queen of our cathedrals, by the side of a wrinkle, one always finds a scar.”

All words in this reading · 113

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

18

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Tempus edax, homo edacior_[18]; which I should be glad to translate thus: time is blind, man is stupid.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The church of Notre-Dame de Paris is still no doubt, a majestic and sublime edifice.

agedadjectiveUS /eɪdʒd/

advanced in years; (“aged” is pronounced as two syllables)

From this reading On the face of this aged queen of our cathedrals, by the side of a wrinkle, one always finds a scar.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading On the face of this aged queen of our cathedrals, by the side of a wrinkle, one always finds a scar.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The church of Notre-Dame de Paris is still no doubt, a majestic and sublime edifice.

architectsnounUS /ˈɑːrkətekts/

plural of “architect” — someone who creates plans to be used in making something (such as buildings)

From this reading If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.

artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

assumedadjectiveUS /əˈsuːmd/

adopted in order to deceive

From this reading If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.

AugustusnounUS /ɑːˈɡʌstəs/

Roman statesman who established the Roman Empire and became emperor in 27 BC; defeated Mark Antony and Cleopatra in 31 BC at Actium (63 BC - AD 14)

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading _Tempus edax, homo edacior_[18]; which I should be glad to translate thus: time is blind, man is stupid.

beautifuladjectiveUS /ˈbjuːtəfəl/

delighting the senses or exciting intellectual or emotional admiration

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

blindnounUS /blaɪnd/

people who have severe visual impairments, considered as a group

From this reading _Tempus edax, homo edacior_[18]; which I should be glad to translate thus: time is blind, man is stupid.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading On the face of this aged queen of our cathedrals, by the side of a wrinkle, one always finds a scar.

cathedralsnounUS /kəˈθiːdrəlz/

plural of “cathedral” — any large and important church

From this reading On the face of this aged queen of our cathedrals, by the side of a wrinkle, one always finds a scar.

causedverbUS /kɑːzd/

past form of “cause” — give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

centuriesnounUS /ˈsentʃəriz/

plural of “century” — a period of 100 years

From this reading If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.

CharlemagnenounUS /ˈʃɑːrləmeɪn/

king of the Franks and Holy Roman Emperor; conqueror of the Lombards and Saxons (742-814)

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

churchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading The church of Notre-Dame de Paris is still no doubt, a majestic and sublime edifice.

denounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading The church of Notre-Dame de Paris is still no doubt, a majestic and sublime edifice.

degradationsnounUS /ˌdeɡrəˈdeɪʃənz/

plural of “degradation” — changing to a lower state (a less respected state)

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

destructionnounUS /dɪˈstrʌkʃən/

the termination of something by causing so much damage to it that it cannot be repaired or no longer exists

From this reading If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.

difficultadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfəkəlt/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

diverseadjectiveUS /daɪˈvɜːrs/

many and different

From this reading If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.

doubtnounUS /daʊt/

the state of being unsure of something

From this reading The church of Notre-Dame de Paris is still no doubt, a majestic and sublime edifice.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.

edacior

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Tempus edax, homo edacior_[18]; which I should be glad to translate thus: time is blind, man is stupid.

edax

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Tempus edax, homo edacior_[18]; which I should be glad to translate thus: time is blind, man is stupid.

edificenounUS /ˈedəfəs/

a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading The church of Notre-Dame de Paris is still no doubt, a majestic and sublime edifice.

especiallyadverbUS /əˈspeʃli/

to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common

From this reading If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.

examineverbUS /ɪɡˈzæmɪn/

consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning

From this reading If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading On the face of this aged queen of our cathedrals, by the side of a wrinkle, one always finds a scar.

findsnounUS /faɪndz/

plural of “find” — a productive insight

From this reading On the face of this aged queen of our cathedrals, by the side of a wrinkle, one always finds a scar.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

gladadjectiveUS /ɡlæd/

showing or causing joy and pleasure; especially made happy

From this reading _Tempus edax, homo edacior_[18]; which I should be glad to translate thus: time is blind, man is stupid.

growingnounUS /ˈɡroʊɪŋ/

(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

homonounUS /ˈhoʊmoʊ/

someone who is sexually attracted to persons of the same sex

From this reading _Tempus edax, homo edacior_[18]; which I should be glad to translate thus: time is blind, man is stupid.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading _Tempus edax, homo edacior_[18]; which I should be glad to translate thus: time is blind, man is stupid.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.

imprintedverbUS /ˌɪmˈprɪntɪd/

past form of “imprint” — establish or impress firmly in the mind

From this reading If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

indignantadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈdɪɡnənt/

angered at something unjust or wrong

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

individualsnounUS /ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒəwəlz/

plural of “individual” — a human being

From this reading If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The church of Notre-Dame de Paris is still no doubt, a majestic and sublime edifice.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

laidadjectiveUS /leɪd/

set down according to a plan

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.

leisurenounUS /ˈleʒər/

time available for ease and relaxation

From this reading If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.

majesticadjectiveUS /məˈdʒestɪk/

majestic in manner or bearing; superior to mundane matters

From this reading The church of Notre-Dame de Paris is still no doubt, a majestic and sublime edifice.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading _Tempus edax, homo edacior_[18]; which I should be glad to translate thus: time is blind, man is stupid.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

monumentnounUS /ˈmɑːnjuːmənt/

a structure erected to commemorate persons or events

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.

mutilationsnounUS /ˌmjuːtəˈleɪʃənz/

plural of “mutilation” — an injury that causes disfigurement or that deprives you of a limb or other important body part

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading The church of Notre-Dame de Paris is still no doubt, a majestic and sublime edifice.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

Notre-Dame

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The church of Notre-Dame de Paris is still no doubt, a majestic and sublime edifice.

numberlessadjective

too numerous to be counted

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The church of Notre-Dame de Paris is still no doubt, a majestic and sublime edifice.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On the face of this aged queen of our cathedrals, by the side of a wrinkle, one always finds a scar.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading On the face of this aged queen of our cathedrals, by the side of a wrinkle, one always finds a scar.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading On the face of this aged queen of our cathedrals, by the side of a wrinkle, one always finds a scar.

ParisnounUS /ˈperɪs/

the capital and largest city of France; and international center of culture and commerce

From this reading The church of Notre-Dame de Paris is still no doubt, a majestic and sublime edifice.

PhilipnounUS /ˈfɪləp/

Englishman and husband of Elizabeth II (born 1921)

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

preservedadjectiveUS /prəˈzɜːrvd/

prevented from decaying or spoiling and prepared for future use

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

queennounUS /kwiːn/

the only fertile female in a colony of social insects such as bees and ants and termites; its function is to lay eggs

From this reading On the face of this aged queen of our cathedrals, by the side of a wrinkle, one always finds a scar.

readernounUS /ˈriːdər/

a person who enjoys reading

From this reading If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.

respectnounUS /rɪˈspekt/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

scarnounUS /skɑːr/

a mark left (usually on the skin) by the healing of injured tissue

From this reading On the face of this aged queen of our cathedrals, by the side of a wrinkle, one always finds a scar.

shareverbUS /ʃer/

have in common

From this reading If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading _Tempus edax, homo edacior_[18]; which I should be glad to translate thus: time is blind, man is stupid.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading On the face of this aged queen of our cathedrals, by the side of a wrinkle, one always finds a scar.

sighverbUS /saɪ/

heave or utter a sigh; breathe deeply and heavily

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading The church of Notre-Dame de Paris is still no doubt, a majestic and sublime edifice.

stonenounUS /stoʊn/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

stupidadjectiveUS /ˈstuːpəd/

lacking or marked by lack of intellectual acuity

From this reading _Tempus edax, homo edacior_[18]; which I should be glad to translate thus: time is blind, man is stupid.

sublimeadjectiveUS /səˈblaɪm/

inspiring awe

From this reading The church of Notre-Dame de Paris is still no doubt, a majestic and sublime edifice.

sufferverbUS /ˈsʌfər/

undergo or be subjected to

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

Tempus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Tempus edax, homo edacior_[18]; which I should be glad to translate thus: time is blind, man is stupid.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The church of Notre-Dame de Paris is still no doubt, a majestic and sublime edifice.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading On the face of this aged queen of our cathedrals, by the side of a wrinkle, one always finds a scar.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading _Tempus edax, homo edacior_[18]; which I should be glad to translate thus: time is blind, man is stupid.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

time'snounUS /taɪmz/

possessive form of “time” — an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.

titlenounUS /ˈtaɪtəl/

a heading that names a statute or legislative bill; may give a brief summary of the matters it deals with

From this reading If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

tracesnounUS /ˈtreɪsəz/

plural of “trace” — a just detectable amount

From this reading If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.

translateverbUS /trænzˈleɪt/

restate (words) from one language into another language

From this reading _Tempus edax, homo edacior_[18]; which I should be glad to translate thus: time is blind, man is stupid.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.

venerableadjectiveUS /ˈvenərəbəl/

impressive by reason of age

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

waxverbUS /wæks/

cover with wax

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading But, beautiful as it has been preserved in growing old, it is difficult not to sigh, not to wax indignant, before the numberless degradations and mutilations which time and men have both caused the venerable monument to suffer, without respect for Charlemagne, who laid its first stone, or for Philip Augustus, who laid the last.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading If we had leisure to examine with the reader, one by one, the diverse traces of destruction imprinted upon the old church, time’s share would be the least, the share of men the most, especially _the men of art_, since there have been individuals who assumed the title of architects during the last two centuries.

wrinkleverbUS /ˈrɪŋkəl/

gather or contract into wrinkles or folds; pucker

From this reading On the face of this aged queen of our cathedrals, by the side of a wrinkle, one always finds a scar.

Chapter 14 of The Hunchback of Notre-Dame by Victor Hugo holds 104 sentences, grouped into 21 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 14 of The Hunchback of Notre-Dame contain?

Chapter 14 holds 104 sentences of The Hunchback of Notre-Dame, unabridged, divided into 21 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 14 of The Hunchback of Notre-Dame by Victor Hugo exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 104 sentences, grouped into 21 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 14 of The Hunchback of Notre-Dame?

Work through the 21 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 21 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 14 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Hunchback of Notre-Dame

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Vocabulary met early in The Hunchback of Notre-Dame

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Hunchback of Notre-Dame, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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