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Cleopatra — Complete
Cleopatra — Complete

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of Cleopatra — Complete is here in full — 192 sentences across 39 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/38 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.
The interior of the first story was nearly completed and the rough portion of the second was progressing.
The mosaic workers, who were making the floor of the great hall, had surpassed themselves.
It was impossible to wait longer for the sculptures which were to adorn the walls.
At present slabs of polished black marble were to occupy the places intended for bronze reliefs; the utmost haste was necessary.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Cleopatra — Complete

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of Cleopatra — Complete is here in full — 192 sentences across 39 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/38 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.
/ðɪs taɪm ðə ˈɑːrkətekt kʊd spend ˈoʊnli ə fjuː ˈaʊərz ɑːn ðə ˈsɜːrpənt ˈaɪlənd fɔːr əˈferz ɪn ðə ˈsɪti wɜːr bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ tuː wer ə ˈveri ˈsɪriəs ˈæspekt ənd ðə ˈbɪldɪŋ ʌv ðə ˈmɑːnjuːmənt wɑːz pʊʃt ˈfɔːrwərd ˈiːvɪn ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə naɪt/
Line 2
The interior of the first story was nearly completed and the rough portion of the second was progressing.
/ðə ˌɪnˈtɪriər ʌv ðə fɜːrst ˈstɔːri wɑːz ˈnɪrli kəmˈpliːtəd ənd ðə rʌf ˈpɔːrʃən ʌv ðə ˈsekənd wɑːz prəˈɡresɪŋ/
Line 3
The mosaic workers, who were making the floor of the great hall, had surpassed themselves.
/ðə moʊˈzeɪɪk ˈwɜːrkərz huː wɜːr ˈmeɪkɪŋ ðə flɔːr ʌv ðə ɡreɪt hɔːl hæd sərˈpæst ðemˈselvz/
Line 4
It was impossible to wait longer for the sculptures which were to adorn the walls.
/ɪt wɑːz ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl tuː weɪt ˈlɔːŋɡər fɔːr ðə ˈskʌlptʃərz wɪtʃ wɜːr tuː əˈdɔːrn ðə wɔːlz/
Line 5
At present slabs of polished black marble were to occupy the places intended for bronze reliefs; the utmost haste was necessary.
/æt ˈprezənt slæbz ʌv ˈpɑːlɪʃt blæk ˈmɑːrbəl wɜːr tuː ˈɑːkjəpaɪ ðə ˈpleɪsəz ˌɪnˈtendɪd fɔːr brɑːnz riˈliːfs ðə ˈʌtmoʊst heɪst wɑːz ˈnesəseri/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adorn verb US /əˈdɔːrn/

make more attractive by adding ornament, colour, etc.

From this reading “It was impossible to wait longer for the sculptures which were to adorn the walls.”

architect noun US /ˈɑːrkətekt/

someone who creates plans to be used in making something (such as buildings)

From this reading “This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.”

mosaic noun US /moʊˈzeɪɪk/

art consisting of a design made of small pieces of colored stone or glass

From this reading “The mosaic workers, who were making the floor of the great hall, had surpassed themselves.”

progressing verb US /prəˈɡresɪŋ/

-ing form of “progress” — develop in a positive way

From this reading “The interior of the first story was nearly completed and the rough portion of the second was progressing.”

reliefs noun US /riˈliːfs/

plural of “relief” — the feeling that comes when something burdensome is removed or reduced

From this reading “At present slabs of polished black marble were to occupy the places intended for bronze reliefs; the utmost haste was necessary.”

sculptures noun US /ˈskʌlptʃərz/

plural of “sculpture” — a three-dimensional work of plastic art

From this reading “It was impossible to wait longer for the sculptures which were to adorn the walls.”

slabs noun US /slæbz/

plural of “slab” — block consisting of a thick piece of something

From this reading “At present slabs of polished black marble were to occupy the places intended for bronze reliefs; the utmost haste was necessary.”

surpassed verb US /sərˈpæst/

past form of “surpass” — distinguish oneself

From this reading “The mosaic workers, who were making the floor of the great hall, had surpassed themselves.”

All words in this reading · 75

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

adornverbUS /əˈdɔːrn/

make more attractive by adding ornament, colour, etc.

From this reading It was impossible to wait longer for the sculptures which were to adorn the walls.

affairsnounUS /əˈferz/

matters of personal concern

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

architectnounUS /ˈɑːrkətekt/

someone who creates plans to be used in making something (such as buildings)

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

aspectnounUS /ˈæspekt/

a distinct feature or element in a problem

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At present slabs of polished black marble were to occupy the places intended for bronze reliefs; the utmost haste was necessary.

beginningnounUS /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading At present slabs of polished black marble were to occupy the places intended for bronze reliefs; the utmost haste was necessary.

bronzenounUS /brɑːnz/

an alloy of copper and tin and sometimes other elements; also any copper-base alloy containing other elements in place of tin

From this reading At present slabs of polished black marble were to occupy the places intended for bronze reliefs; the utmost haste was necessary.

buildingnounUS /ˈbɪldɪŋ/

a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

completedadjectiveUS /kəmˈpliːtəd/

successfully completed or brought to an end

From this reading The interior of the first story was nearly completed and the rough portion of the second was progressing.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading The interior of the first story was nearly completed and the rough portion of the second was progressing.

floornounUS /flɔːr/

the inside lower horizontal surface (as of a room, hallway, tent, or other structure)

From this reading The mosaic workers, who were making the floor of the great hall, had surpassed themselves.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

forwardadverbUS /ˈfɔːrwərd/

at or to or toward the front

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading The mosaic workers, who were making the floor of the great hall, had surpassed themselves.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The mosaic workers, who were making the floor of the great hall, had surpassed themselves.

hallnounUS /hɔːl/

an interior passage or corridor onto which rooms open

From this reading The mosaic workers, who were making the floor of the great hall, had surpassed themselves.

hastenounUS /heɪst/

overly eager speed (and possible carelessness)

From this reading At present slabs of polished black marble were to occupy the places intended for bronze reliefs; the utmost haste was necessary.

hoursnounUS /ˈaʊərz/

a period of time assigned for work

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

impossibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl/

not capable of occurring or being accomplished or dealt with

From this reading It was impossible to wait longer for the sculptures which were to adorn the walls.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

intendedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtendɪd/

resulting from one's intentions

From this reading At present slabs of polished black marble were to occupy the places intended for bronze reliefs; the utmost haste was necessary.

interioradjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtɪriər/

situated within or suitable for inside a building

From this reading The interior of the first story was nearly completed and the rough portion of the second was progressing.

IslandnounUS /ˈaɪlənd/

a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was impossible to wait longer for the sculptures which were to adorn the walls.

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading It was impossible to wait longer for the sculptures which were to adorn the walls.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading The mosaic workers, who were making the floor of the great hall, had surpassed themselves.

marblenounUS /ˈmɑːrbəl/

a hard crystalline metamorphic rock that takes a high polish; used for sculpture and as building material

From this reading At present slabs of polished black marble were to occupy the places intended for bronze reliefs; the utmost haste was necessary.

monumentnounUS /ˈmɑːnjuːmənt/

a structure erected to commemorate persons or events

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

mosaicnounUS /moʊˈzeɪɪk/

art consisting of a design made of small pieces of colored stone or glass

From this reading The mosaic workers, who were making the floor of the great hall, had surpassed themselves.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading The interior of the first story was nearly completed and the rough portion of the second was progressing.

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading At present slabs of polished black marble were to occupy the places intended for bronze reliefs; the utmost haste was necessary.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

occupyverbUS /ˈɑːkjəpaɪ/

keep busy with

From this reading At present slabs of polished black marble were to occupy the places intended for bronze reliefs; the utmost haste was necessary.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

placesnounUS /ˈpleɪsəz/

plural of “place” — a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading At present slabs of polished black marble were to occupy the places intended for bronze reliefs; the utmost haste was necessary.

polishedadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːlɪʃt/

perfected or made shiny and smooth

From this reading At present slabs of polished black marble were to occupy the places intended for bronze reliefs; the utmost haste was necessary.

portionnounUS /ˈpɔːrʃən/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading The interior of the first story was nearly completed and the rough portion of the second was progressing.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading At present slabs of polished black marble were to occupy the places intended for bronze reliefs; the utmost haste was necessary.

progressingverbUS /prəˈɡresɪŋ/

-ing form of “progress” — develop in a positive way

From this reading The interior of the first story was nearly completed and the rough portion of the second was progressing.

pushedverbUS /pʊʃt/

past form of “push” — move with force

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

reliefsnounUS /riˈliːfs/

plural of “relief” — the feeling that comes when something burdensome is removed or reduced

From this reading At present slabs of polished black marble were to occupy the places intended for bronze reliefs; the utmost haste was necessary.

roughadjectiveUS /rʌf/

having or caused by an irregular surface

From this reading The interior of the first story was nearly completed and the rough portion of the second was progressing.

sculpturesnounUS /ˈskʌlptʃərz/

plural of “sculpture” — a three-dimensional work of plastic art

From this reading It was impossible to wait longer for the sculptures which were to adorn the walls.

secondnounUS /ˈsekənd/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading The interior of the first story was nearly completed and the rough portion of the second was progressing.

seriousadjectiveUS /ˈsɪriəs/

concerned with work or important matters rather than play or trivialities

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

SerpentnounUS /ˈsɜːrpənt/

limbless scaly elongate reptile; some are venomous

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

slabsnounUS /slæbz/

plural of “slab” — block consisting of a thick piece of something

From this reading At present slabs of polished black marble were to occupy the places intended for bronze reliefs; the utmost haste was necessary.

spendverbUS /spend/

use up a period of time in a specific way

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

storynounUS /ˈstɔːri/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading The interior of the first story was nearly completed and the rough portion of the second was progressing.

surpassedverbUS /sərˈpæst/

past form of “surpass” — distinguish oneself

From this reading The mosaic workers, who were making the floor of the great hall, had surpassed themselves.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading The mosaic workers, who were making the floor of the great hall, had surpassed themselves.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

utmostadjectiveUS /ˈʌtmoʊst/

of the greatest possible degree or extent or intensity

From this reading At present slabs of polished black marble were to occupy the places intended for bronze reliefs; the utmost haste was necessary.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

waitverbUS /weɪt/

stay in one place and anticipate or expect something

From this reading It was impossible to wait longer for the sculptures which were to adorn the walls.

wallsnounUS /wɔːlz/

plural of “wall” — an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading It was impossible to wait longer for the sculptures which were to adorn the walls.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

wearverbUS /wer/

be dressed in

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading This time the architect could spend only a few hours on the Serpent Island, for affairs in the city were beginning to wear a very serious aspect, and the building of the monument was pushed forward even during the night.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading It was impossible to wait longer for the sculptures which were to adorn the walls.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The mosaic workers, who were making the floor of the great hall, had surpassed themselves.

workersnounUS /ˈwɜːrkərz/

plural of “worker” — a person who works at a specific occupation

From this reading The mosaic workers, who were making the floor of the great hall, had surpassed themselves.

Chapter 21 of Cleopatra — Complete by Georg Ebers holds 192 sentences, grouped into 39 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 21 of Cleopatra — Complete contain?

Chapter 21 holds 192 sentences of Cleopatra — Complete, unabridged, divided into 39 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 21 of Cleopatra — Complete by Georg Ebers exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 192 sentences, grouped into 39 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 21 of Cleopatra — Complete?

Work through the 39 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 39 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 21 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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About 518 minutes of reading across 1244 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Cleopatra — Complete

Words and structures a reader meets early in Cleopatra — Complete, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Gorgias
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cleopatra — Complete; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Architect
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cleopatra — Complete; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Learned
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cleopatra — Complete; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Scorching
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cleopatra — Complete; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.