Learn English through classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Cleopatra — Volume 02
Cleopatra — Volume 02

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Cleopatra — Volume 02 is here in full — 115 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Cleopatra — Volume 02
Context Illustration Reading 1/23 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The house facing the garden of the Paneum, where Barine lived, was the property of her mother, who had inherited it from her parents.
The artist Leonax, the young beauty's father, son of the old philosopher Didymus, had died long before.
After Barine's unhappy marriage with Philostratus was dissolved, she had returned to her mother, who managed the affairs of the household.
She too, belonged to a family of scholars and had a brother who had won high repute as a philosopher, and had directed the studies of the young Octavianus.
This had occurred long before the commencement of the hostility which separated the heirs of Caesar and Mark Antony.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Cleopatra — Volume 02

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Cleopatra — Volume 02 is here in full — 115 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/23 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The house facing the garden of the Paneum, where Barine lived, was the property of her mother, who had inherited it from her parents.
Line 2
The artist Leonax, the young beauty's father, son of the old philosopher Didymus, had died long before.
Line 3
After Barine's unhappy marriage with Philostratus was dissolved, she had returned to her mother, who managed the affairs of the household.
Line 4
She too, belonged to a family of scholars and had a brother who had won high repute as a philosopher, and had directed the studies of the young Octavianus.
Line 5
This had occurred long before the commencement of the hostility which separated the heirs of Caesar and Mark Antony.
/ðɪs hæd əˈkɜːrd lɔːŋ bɪˈfɔːr ðə kəˈmensmənt ʌv ðə hɑːˈstɪləti wɪtʃ ˈsepəreɪtɪd ðə erz ʌv ˈsiːzər ənd mɑːrk ˈæntəni/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Antony noun US /ˈæntəni/

Roman general under Julius Caesar in the Gallic wars; repudiated his wife for the Egyptian queen Cleopatra; they were defeated by Octavian at Actium (83-30 BC)

From this reading “This had occurred long before the commencement of the hostility which separated the heirs of Caesar and Mark Antony.”

commencement noun US /kəˈmensmənt/

the time at which something is supposed to begin

From this reading “This had occurred long before the commencement of the hostility which separated the heirs of Caesar and Mark Antony.”

dissolved adjective US /dɪˈzɑːlvd/

(of solid matter) reduced to a liquid form

From this reading “After Barine's unhappy marriage with Philostratus was dissolved, she had returned to her mother, who managed the affairs of the household.”

heirs noun US /erz/

plural of “heir” — a person who is entitled by law or by the terms of a will to inherit the estate of another

From this reading “This had occurred long before the commencement of the hostility which separated the heirs of Caesar and Mark Antony.”

hostility noun US /hɑːˈstɪləti/

a hostile (very unfriendly) disposition

From this reading “This had occurred long before the commencement of the hostility which separated the heirs of Caesar and Mark Antony.”

inherited adjective US /ˌɪnˈherətɪd/

occurring among members of a family usually by heredity

From this reading “The house facing the garden of the Paneum, where Barine lived, was the property of her mother, who had inherited it from her parents.”

repute noun US /riˈpjuːt/

the state of being held in high esteem and honor

From this reading “She too, belonged to a family of scholars and had a brother who had won high repute as a philosopher, and had directed the studies of the young Octavianus.”

scholars noun US /ˈskɑːlərz/

plural of “scholar” — a learned person (especially in the humanities); someone who by long study has gained mastery in one or more disciplines

From this reading “She too, belonged to a family of scholars and had a brother who had won high repute as a philosopher, and had directed the studies of the young Octavianus.”

All words in this reading · 68

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading She too, belonged to a family of scholars and had a brother who had won high repute as a philosopher, and had directed the studies of the young Octavianus.

affairsnounUS /əˈferz/

matters of personal concern

From this reading After Barine's unhappy marriage with Philostratus was dissolved, she had returned to her mother, who managed the affairs of the household.

AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading After Barine's unhappy marriage with Philostratus was dissolved, she had returned to her mother, who managed the affairs of the household.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading She too, belonged to a family of scholars and had a brother who had won high repute as a philosopher, and had directed the studies of the young Octavianus.

AntonynounUS /ˈæntəni/

Roman general under Julius Caesar in the Gallic wars; repudiated his wife for the Egyptian queen Cleopatra; they were defeated by Octavian at Actium (83-30 BC)

From this reading This had occurred long before the commencement of the hostility which separated the heirs of Caesar and Mark Antony.

artistnounUS /ˈɑːrtəst/

a person whose creative work shows sensitivity and imagination

From this reading The artist Leonax, the young beauty's father, son of the old philosopher Didymus, had died long before.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading She too, belonged to a family of scholars and had a brother who had won high repute as a philosopher, and had directed the studies of the young Octavianus.

Barine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The house facing the garden of the Paneum, where Barine lived, was the property of her mother, who had inherited it from her parents.

Barine's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After Barine's unhappy marriage with Philostratus was dissolved, she had returned to her mother, who managed the affairs of the household.

beauty's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The artist Leonax, the young beauty's father, son of the old philosopher Didymus, had died long before.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading The artist Leonax, the young beauty's father, son of the old philosopher Didymus, had died long before.

belongedverbUS /bɪˈlɔːŋd/

past form of “belong” — be owned by; be in the possession of

From this reading She too, belonged to a family of scholars and had a brother who had won high repute as a philosopher, and had directed the studies of the young Octavianus.

brothernounUS /ˈbrʌðər/

a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading She too, belonged to a family of scholars and had a brother who had won high repute as a philosopher, and had directed the studies of the young Octavianus.

CaesarnounUS /ˈsiːzər/

conqueror of Gaul and master of Italy (100-44 BC)

From this reading This had occurred long before the commencement of the hostility which separated the heirs of Caesar and Mark Antony.

commencementnounUS /kəˈmensmənt/

the time at which something is supposed to begin

From this reading This had occurred long before the commencement of the hostility which separated the heirs of Caesar and Mark Antony.

Didymus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The artist Leonax, the young beauty's father, son of the old philosopher Didymus, had died long before.

diedverbUS /daɪd/

past form of “die” — pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading The artist Leonax, the young beauty's father, son of the old philosopher Didymus, had died long before.

directedadjectiveUS /dərˈektəd/

(often used in combination) having a specified direction

From this reading She too, belonged to a family of scholars and had a brother who had won high repute as a philosopher, and had directed the studies of the young Octavianus.

dissolvedadjectiveUS /dɪˈzɑːlvd/

(of solid matter) reduced to a liquid form

From this reading After Barine's unhappy marriage with Philostratus was dissolved, she had returned to her mother, who managed the affairs of the household.

facingnounUS /ˈfeɪsɪŋ/

a lining applied to the edge of a garment for ornamentation or strengthening

From this reading The house facing the garden of the Paneum, where Barine lived, was the property of her mother, who had inherited it from her parents.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading She too, belonged to a family of scholars and had a brother who had won high repute as a philosopher, and had directed the studies of the young Octavianus.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading The artist Leonax, the young beauty's father, son of the old philosopher Didymus, had died long before.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The house facing the garden of the Paneum, where Barine lived, was the property of her mother, who had inherited it from her parents.

gardennounUS /ˈɡɑːrdən/

a plot of ground where plants are cultivated

From this reading The house facing the garden of the Paneum, where Barine lived, was the property of her mother, who had inherited it from her parents.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The house facing the garden of the Paneum, where Barine lived, was the property of her mother, who had inherited it from her parents.

heirsnounUS /erz/

plural of “heir” — a person who is entitled by law or by the terms of a will to inherit the estate of another

From this reading This had occurred long before the commencement of the hostility which separated the heirs of Caesar and Mark Antony.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading The house facing the garden of the Paneum, where Barine lived, was the property of her mother, who had inherited it from her parents.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading She too, belonged to a family of scholars and had a brother who had won high repute as a philosopher, and had directed the studies of the young Octavianus.

hostilitynounUS /hɑːˈstɪləti/

a hostile (very unfriendly) disposition

From this reading This had occurred long before the commencement of the hostility which separated the heirs of Caesar and Mark Antony.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading The house facing the garden of the Paneum, where Barine lived, was the property of her mother, who had inherited it from her parents.

householdnounUS /ˈhaʊshoʊld/

a social unit living together

From this reading After Barine's unhappy marriage with Philostratus was dissolved, she had returned to her mother, who managed the affairs of the household.

inheritedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈherətɪd/

occurring among members of a family usually by heredity

From this reading The house facing the garden of the Paneum, where Barine lived, was the property of her mother, who had inherited it from her parents.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The house facing the garden of the Paneum, where Barine lived, was the property of her mother, who had inherited it from her parents.

Leonax

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The artist Leonax, the young beauty's father, son of the old philosopher Didymus, had died long before.

livedverbUS /lɪvd/

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading The house facing the garden of the Paneum, where Barine lived, was the property of her mother, who had inherited it from her parents.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading The artist Leonax, the young beauty's father, son of the old philosopher Didymus, had died long before.

managedverbUS /ˈmænədʒd/

past form of “manage” — be successful; achieve a goal

From this reading After Barine's unhappy marriage with Philostratus was dissolved, she had returned to her mother, who managed the affairs of the household.

MarkverbUS /mɑːrk/

attach a tag or label to

From this reading This had occurred long before the commencement of the hostility which separated the heirs of Caesar and Mark Antony.

marriagenounUS /ˈmerɪdʒ/

the state of being a married couple voluntarily joined for life (or until divorce)

From this reading After Barine's unhappy marriage with Philostratus was dissolved, she had returned to her mother, who managed the affairs of the household.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading The house facing the garden of the Paneum, where Barine lived, was the property of her mother, who had inherited it from her parents.

occurredverbUS /əˈkɜːrd/

inflected form of “occur” — come to pass

From this reading This had occurred long before the commencement of the hostility which separated the heirs of Caesar and Mark Antony.

Octavianus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She too, belonged to a family of scholars and had a brother who had won high repute as a philosopher, and had directed the studies of the young Octavianus.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The house facing the garden of the Paneum, where Barine lived, was the property of her mother, who had inherited it from her parents.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading The artist Leonax, the young beauty's father, son of the old philosopher Didymus, had died long before.

Paneum

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The house facing the garden of the Paneum, where Barine lived, was the property of her mother, who had inherited it from her parents.

parentsnounUS /ˈperənts/

plural of “parent” — a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian

From this reading The house facing the garden of the Paneum, where Barine lived, was the property of her mother, who had inherited it from her parents.

philosophernounUS /fəˈlɑːsəfər/

a specialist in philosophy

From this reading The artist Leonax, the young beauty's father, son of the old philosopher Didymus, had died long before.

Philostratus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After Barine's unhappy marriage with Philostratus was dissolved, she had returned to her mother, who managed the affairs of the household.

propertynounUS /ˈprɑːpərti/

something owned; any tangible or intangible possession that is owned by someone

From this reading The house facing the garden of the Paneum, where Barine lived, was the property of her mother, who had inherited it from her parents.

reputenounUS /riˈpjuːt/

the state of being held in high esteem and honor

From this reading She too, belonged to a family of scholars and had a brother who had won high repute as a philosopher, and had directed the studies of the young Octavianus.

returnedverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrnd/

past form of “return” — go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading After Barine's unhappy marriage with Philostratus was dissolved, she had returned to her mother, who managed the affairs of the household.

scholarsnounUS /ˈskɑːlərz/

plural of “scholar” — a learned person (especially in the humanities); someone who by long study has gained mastery in one or more disciplines

From this reading She too, belonged to a family of scholars and had a brother who had won high repute as a philosopher, and had directed the studies of the young Octavianus.

separatedadjectiveUS /ˈsepəreɪtɪd/

being or feeling set or kept apart from others

From this reading This had occurred long before the commencement of the hostility which separated the heirs of Caesar and Mark Antony.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading After Barine's unhappy marriage with Philostratus was dissolved, she had returned to her mother, who managed the affairs of the household.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading The artist Leonax, the young beauty's father, son of the old philosopher Didymus, had died long before.

studiesnounUS /ˈstʌdiz/

plural of “study” — a detailed critical inspection

From this reading She too, belonged to a family of scholars and had a brother who had won high repute as a philosopher, and had directed the studies of the young Octavianus.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The house facing the garden of the Paneum, where Barine lived, was the property of her mother, who had inherited it from her parents.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This had occurred long before the commencement of the hostility which separated the heirs of Caesar and Mark Antony.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading After Barine's unhappy marriage with Philostratus was dissolved, she had returned to her mother, who managed the affairs of the household.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading She too, belonged to a family of scholars and had a brother who had won high repute as a philosopher, and had directed the studies of the young Octavianus.

unhappyadjectiveUS /ənˈhæpi/

experiencing or marked by or causing sadness or sorrow or discontent

From this reading After Barine's unhappy marriage with Philostratus was dissolved, she had returned to her mother, who managed the affairs of the household.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The house facing the garden of the Paneum, where Barine lived, was the property of her mother, who had inherited it from her parents.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading The house facing the garden of the Paneum, where Barine lived, was the property of her mother, who had inherited it from her parents.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading This had occurred long before the commencement of the hostility which separated the heirs of Caesar and Mark Antony.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The house facing the garden of the Paneum, where Barine lived, was the property of her mother, who had inherited it from her parents.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading After Barine's unhappy marriage with Philostratus was dissolved, she had returned to her mother, who managed the affairs of the household.

wonnounUS /wʌn/

the basic unit of money in South Korea

From this reading She too, belonged to a family of scholars and had a brother who had won high repute as a philosopher, and had directed the studies of the young Octavianus.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading The artist Leonax, the young beauty's father, son of the old philosopher Didymus, had died long before.

Chapter 1 of Cleopatra — Volume 02 by Georg Ebers holds 115 sentences, grouped into 23 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Cleopatra — Volume 02 contain?

Chapter 1 holds 115 sentences of Cleopatra — Volume 02, unabridged, divided into 23 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Cleopatra — Volume 02 by Georg Ebers exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 115 sentences, grouped into 23 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Cleopatra — Volume 02?

Work through the 23 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 23 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Cleopatra — Volume 02

Common questions about reading Cleopatra — Volume 02 by Georg Ebers on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Cleopatra — Volume 02?

Yes. All 519 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #5474 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Cleopatra — Volume 02 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #5474, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Cleopatra — Volume 02 take to read?

About 43 minutes of reading across 104 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Cleopatra — Volume 02 section by section

How to work through Cleopatra — Volume 02 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 2 chapters of Cleopatra — Volume 02 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Cleopatra — Volume 02

Words and structures a reader meets early in Cleopatra — Volume 02, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

House
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cleopatra — Volume 02; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Facing
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cleopatra — Volume 02; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Garden
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cleopatra — Volume 02; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Paneum
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cleopatra — Volume 02; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.