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Clergymen and Doctors
Clergymen and Doctors

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Clergymen and Doctors is here in full — 436 sentences across 88 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Clergymen and Doctors
Context Illustration Reading 1/87 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Text enclosed by equal marks is in bold face (=bold=).
Small capital text has been replaced with all capitals.
Minor typographical and punctuation errors have been corrected without note.
Irregularities and inconsistencies in the text have been retained as printed.
Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Clergymen and Doctors

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Clergymen and Doctors is here in full — 436 sentences across 88 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/87 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Text enclosed by equal marks is in bold face (=bold=).
/tekst enˈkloʊzd baɪ ˈiːkwəl mɑːrks ɪz ɪn boʊld feɪs boʊld/
Line 2
Small capital text has been replaced with all capitals.
/smɔːl ˈkæpətəl tekst hæz bɪn ˌriːˈpleɪst wɪð ɔːl ˈkæpətəlz/
Line 3
Minor typographical and punctuation errors have been corrected without note.
/ˈmaɪnər ˌtaɪpəˈɡræfɪkəl ənd ˌpʌŋktʃuːˈeɪʃən ˈerərz hæv bɪn kərˈektəd wɪˈθaʊt noʊt/
Line 4
Irregularities and inconsistencies in the text have been retained as printed.
/ˌɪreɡjəˈlerətiz ənd ˌɪŋˈkɑːnsɪstensiz ɪn ðə tekst hæv bɪn rɪˈteɪnd æz ˈprɪntɪd/
Line 5
Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

capitals noun US /ˈkæpətəlz/

plural of “capital” — assets available for use in the production of further assets

From this reading “Small capital text has been replaced with all capitals.”

inconsistencies noun US /ˌɪŋˈkɑːnsɪstensiz/

plural of “inconsistency” — the relation between propositions that cannot both be true at the same time

From this reading “Irregularities and inconsistencies in the text have been retained as printed.”

Irregularities noun US /ˌɪreɡjəˈlerətiz/

plural of “irregularity” — behavior that breaches the rule or etiquette or custom or morality

From this reading “Irregularities and inconsistencies in the text have been retained as printed.”

Mismatched adjective US /mɪˈsmætʃt/

either not matched or unsuitably matched

From this reading “Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.”

punctuation noun US /ˌpʌŋktʃuːˈeɪʃən/

something that makes repeated and regular interruptions or divisions

From this reading “Minor typographical and punctuation errors have been corrected without note.”

quote verb US /kwoʊt/

repeat a passage from

From this reading “Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.”

quotes noun US /kwoʊts/

plural of “quote” — a punctuation mark used to attribute the enclosed text to someone else

From this reading “Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.”

typographical adjective US /ˌtaɪpəˈɡræfɪkəl/

relating to or occurring or used in typography

From this reading “Minor typographical and punctuation errors have been corrected without note.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

Small capital adjective + noun

a character having the form of an upper-case letter but the same height as lower-case letters

In this reading “Small capital text has been replaced with all capitals.”

All words in this reading · 47

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Small capital text has been replaced with all capitals.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Minor typographical and punctuation errors have been corrected without note.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Irregularities and inconsistencies in the text have been retained as printed.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Small capital text has been replaced with all capitals.

boldadjectiveUS /boʊld/

fearless and daring

From this reading Text enclosed by equal marks is in bold face (=bold=).

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Text enclosed by equal marks is in bold face (=bold=).

capitalnounUS /ˈkæpətəl/

assets available for use in the production of further assets

From this reading Small capital text has been replaced with all capitals.

capitalsnounUS /ˈkæpətəlz/

plural of “capital” — assets available for use in the production of further assets

From this reading Small capital text has been replaced with all capitals.

clearverbUS /klɪr/

rid of obstructions

From this reading Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.

correctedadjectiveUS /kərˈektəd/

having something undesirable neutralized

From this reading Minor typographical and punctuation errors have been corrected without note.

enclosedadjectiveUS /enˈkloʊzd/

closed in or surrounded or included within

From this reading Text enclosed by equal marks is in bold face (=bold=).

equalverbUS /ˈiːkwəl/

be identical or equivalent to

From this reading Text enclosed by equal marks is in bold face (=bold=).

errorsnounUS /ˈerərz/

plural of “error” — a wrong action attributable to bad judgment or ignorance or inattention

From this reading Minor typographical and punctuation errors have been corrected without note.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading Text enclosed by equal marks is in bold face (=bold=).

fixedadjectiveUS /fɪkst/

(of a number) having a fixed and unchanging value

From this reading Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Small capital text has been replaced with all capitals.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Minor typographical and punctuation errors have been corrected without note.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Text enclosed by equal marks is in bold face (=bold=).

inconsistenciesnounUS /ˌɪŋˈkɑːnsɪstensiz/

plural of “inconsistency” — the relation between propositions that cannot both be true at the same time

From this reading Irregularities and inconsistencies in the text have been retained as printed.

IrregularitiesnounUS /ˌɪreɡjəˈlerətiz/

plural of “irregularity” — behavior that breaches the rule or etiquette or custom or morality

From this reading Irregularities and inconsistencies in the text have been retained as printed.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Text enclosed by equal marks is in bold face (=bold=).

it's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.

marksnounUS /mɑːrks/

English businessman who created a retail chain (1888-1964)

From this reading Text enclosed by equal marks is in bold face (=bold=).

MinoradjectiveUS /ˈmaɪnər/

of lesser importance or stature or rank

From this reading Minor typographical and punctuation errors have been corrected without note.

MismatchedadjectiveUS /mɪˈsmætʃt/

either not matched or unsuitably matched

From this reading Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.

missingadjectiveUS /ˈmɪsɪŋ/

not able to be found

From this reading Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.

notenounUS /noʊt/

a brief written record

From this reading Minor typographical and punctuation errors have been corrected without note.

placedadjectiveUS /pleɪst/

situated in a particular spot or position

From this reading Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.

printedverbUS /ˈprɪntɪd/

past form of “print” — put into print

From this reading Irregularities and inconsistencies in the text have been retained as printed.

punctuationnounUS /ˌpʌŋktʃuːˈeɪʃən/

something that makes repeated and regular interruptions or divisions

From this reading Minor typographical and punctuation errors have been corrected without note.

quoteverbUS /kwoʊt/

repeat a passage from

From this reading Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.

quotesnounUS /kwoʊts/

plural of “quote” — a punctuation mark used to attribute the enclosed text to someone else

From this reading Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.

replacedverbUS /ˌriːˈpleɪst/

past form of “replace” — substitute a person or thing for (another that is broken or inefficient or lost or no longer working or yielding what is expected)

From this reading Small capital text has been replaced with all capitals.

retainedadjectiveUS /rɪˈteɪnd/

continued in your keeping or use or memory

From this reading Irregularities and inconsistencies in the text have been retained as printed.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.

SmalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Small capital text has been replaced with all capitals.

sufficientlyadverbUS /səˈfɪʃəntli/

to a sufficient degree

From this reading Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.

TextnounUS /tekst/

the words of something written

From this reading Text enclosed by equal marks is in bold face (=bold=).

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Irregularities and inconsistencies in the text have been retained as printed.

typographicaladjectiveUS /ˌtaɪpəˈɡræfɪkəl/

relating to or occurring or used in typography

From this reading Minor typographical and punctuation errors have been corrected without note.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Mismatched quotes are not fixed if it's not sufficiently clear where the missing quote should be placed.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Small capital text has been replaced with all capitals.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading Minor typographical and punctuation errors have been corrected without note.

Chapter 1 of Clergymen and Doctors by Anonymous holds 436 sentences, grouped into 88 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Clergymen and Doctors contain?

Chapter 1 holds 436 sentences of Clergymen and Doctors, unabridged, divided into 88 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Clergymen and Doctors by Anonymous exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 436 sentences, grouped into 88 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Clergymen and Doctors?

Work through the 88 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 88 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Clergymen and Doctors

Common questions about reading Clergymen and Doctors by Anonymous on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Clergymen and Doctors?

Yes. All 1488 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #48343 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Clergymen and Doctors is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #48343, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Clergymen and Doctors take to read?

About 124 minutes of reading across 298 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Clergymen and Doctors section by section

How to work through Clergymen and Doctors section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 3 chapters of Clergymen and Doctors to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Clergymen and Doctors

Words and structures a reader meets early in Clergymen and Doctors, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Enclosed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Clergymen and Doctors; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Equal
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Clergymen and Doctors; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Marks
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Clergymen and Doctors; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Small
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Clergymen and Doctors; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.