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Cliges: A Romance
Cliges: A Romance

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Cliges: A Romance is here in full — 154 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/30 · 5 lines
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The queen, who does not hate Alexander--rather does she love and praise and prize him much--hears of the matter.
She wills to do him a great service; it is far greater than she thinks.
She searches and empties all her chests till she has drawn forth a shirt of white silk very well wrought very delicate and very fine.
There was no thread in the seams that was not of gold, or at the least of silver.
Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Cliges: A Romance

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Cliges: A Romance is here in full — 154 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/30 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The queen, who does not hate Alexander--rather does she love and praise and prize him much--hears of the matter.
Line 2
She wills to do him a great service; it is far greater than she thinks.
/ʃiː wɪlz tuː duː hɪm ə ɡreɪt ˈsɜːrvəs ɪt ɪz fɑːr ˈɡreɪtər ðæn ʃiː θɪŋks/
Line 3
She searches and empties all her chests till she has drawn forth a shirt of white silk very well wrought very delicate and very fine.
/ʃiː ˈsɜːrtʃɪz ənd ˈemptiz ɔːl hɜːr tʃests tɪl ʃiː hæz drɔːn fɔːrθ ə ʃɜːrt ʌv waɪt sɪlk ˈveri wel rɔːt ˈveri ˈdeləkət ənd ˈveri faɪn/
Line 4
There was no thread in the seams that was not of gold, or at the least of silver.
/ðer wɑːz noʊ θred ɪn ðə siːmz ðæt wɑːz nɑːt ʌv ɡoʊld ɔːr æt ðə liːst ʌv ˈsɪlvər/
Line 5
Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

chests noun US /tʃests/

plural of “chest” — the part of the human torso between the neck and the diaphragm or the corresponding part in other vertebrates

From this reading “She searches and empties all her chests till she has drawn forth a shirt of white silk very well wrought very delicate and very fine.”

empties noun US /ˈemptiz/

plural of “empty” — a container that has been emptied

From this reading “She searches and empties all her chests till she has drawn forth a shirt of white silk very well wrought very delicate and very fine.”

seams noun US /siːmz/

plural of “seam” — joint consisting of a line formed by joining two pieces

From this reading “There was no thread in the seams that was not of gold, or at the least of silver.”

searches noun US /ˈsɜːrtʃɪz/

plural of “search” — the activity of looking thoroughly in order to find something or someone

From this reading “She searches and empties all her chests till she has drawn forth a shirt of white silk very well wrought very delicate and very fine.”

sewing noun US /ˈsoʊɪŋ/

joining or attaching by stitches

From this reading “Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.”

sewn adjective US /soʊn/

fastened with stitches

From this reading “Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.”

sleeves noun US /sliːvz/

plural of “sleeve” — the part of a garment that is attached at the armhole and that provides a cloth covering for the arm

From this reading “Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.”

wills noun US /wɪlz/

plural of “will” — the capability of conscious choice and decision and intention

From this reading “She wills to do him a great service; it is far greater than she thinks.”

All words in this reading · 98

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading She wills to do him a great service; it is far greater than she thinks.

AlexandernounUS /ˌæləɡˈzændər/

European herb somewhat resembling celery widely naturalized in Britain coastal regions and often cultivated as a potherb

From this reading The queen, who does not hate Alexander--rather does she love and praise and prize him much--hears of the matter.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading She searches and empties all her chests till she has drawn forth a shirt of white silk very well wrought very delicate and very fine.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The queen, who does not hate Alexander--rather does she love and praise and prize him much--hears of the matter.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading There was no thread in the seams that was not of gold, or at the least of silver.

besideprepositionUS /bɪˈsaɪd/

next to; at the side of

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

carefullyadverbUS /ˈkerfəli/

taking care or paying attention

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

chestsnounUS /tʃests/

plural of “chest” — the part of the human torso between the neck and the diaphragm or the corresponding part in other vertebrates

From this reading She searches and empties all her chests till she has drawn forth a shirt of white silk very well wrought very delicate and very fine.

collarnounUS /ˈkɑːlər/

a band that fits around the neck and is usually folded over

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

delicateadjectiveUS /ˈdeləkət/

exquisitely fine and subtle and pleasing; susceptible to injury

From this reading She searches and empties all her chests till she has drawn forth a shirt of white silk very well wrought very delicate and very fine.

distinguishverbUS /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/

mark as different

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading She wills to do him a great service; it is far greater than she thinks.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The queen, who does not hate Alexander--rather does she love and praise and prize him much--hears of the matter.

drawnadjectiveUS /drɔːn/

showing the wearing effects of overwork or care or suffering

From this reading She searches and empties all her chests till she has drawn forth a shirt of white silk very well wrought very delicate and very fine.

emptiesnounUS /ˈemptiz/

plural of “empty” — a container that has been emptied

From this reading She searches and empties all her chests till she has drawn forth a shirt of white silk very well wrought very delicate and very fine.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading She wills to do him a great service; it is far greater than she thinks.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

fineadjectiveUS /faɪn/

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading She searches and empties all her chests till she has drawn forth a shirt of white silk very well wrought very delicate and very fine.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

forthadverbUS /fɔːrθ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading She searches and empties all her chests till she has drawn forth a shirt of white silk very well wrought very delicate and very fine.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

goldnounUS /ɡoʊld/

coins made of gold

From this reading There was no thread in the seams that was not of gold, or at the least of silver.

goldenadjectiveUS /ˈɡoʊldən/

having the deep slightly brownish color of gold

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading She wills to do him a great service; it is far greater than she thinks.

greateradjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtər/

greater in size or importance or degree

From this reading She wills to do him a great service; it is far greater than she thinks.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

hairnounUS /her/

a covering for the body (or parts of it) consisting of a dense growth of threadlike structures (as on the human head); helps to prevent heat loss

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading She searches and empties all her chests till she has drawn forth a shirt of white silk very well wrought very delicate and very fine.

hatenounUS /heɪt/

the emotion of intense dislike; a feeling of dislike so strong that it demands action

From this reading The queen, who does not hate Alexander--rather does she love and praise and prize him much--hears of the matter.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

hearsverbUS /hiːrz/

third-person singular of “hear” — perceive (sound) via the auditory sense

From this reading The queen, who does not hate Alexander--rather does she love and praise and prize him much--hears of the matter.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading She searches and empties all her chests till she has drawn forth a shirt of white silk very well wrought very delicate and very fine.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The queen, who does not hate Alexander--rather does she love and praise and prize him much--hears of the matter.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading There was no thread in the seams that was not of gold, or at the least of silver.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading She wills to do him a great service; it is far greater than she thinks.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading She wills to do him a great service; it is far greater than she thinks.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading There was no thread in the seams that was not of gold, or at the least of silver.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

lovenounUS /lʌv/

a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading The queen, who does not hate Alexander--rather does she love and praise and prize him much--hears of the matter.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading The queen, who does not hate Alexander--rather does she love and praise and prize him much--hears of the matter.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading The queen, who does not hate Alexander--rather does she love and praise and prize him much--hears of the matter.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading There was no thread in the seams that was not of gold, or at the least of silver.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The queen, who does not hate Alexander--rather does she love and praise and prize him much--hears of the matter.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The queen, who does not hate Alexander--rather does she love and praise and prize him much--hears of the matter.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading There was no thread in the seams that was not of gold, or at the least of silver.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

placesnounUS /ˈpleɪsəz/

plural of “place” — a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

praisenounUS /preɪz/

an expression of approval and commendation

From this reading The queen, who does not hate Alexander--rather does she love and praise and prize him much--hears of the matter.

prizenounUS /praɪz/

something given for victory or superiority in a contest or competition or for winning a lottery

From this reading The queen, who does not hate Alexander--rather does she love and praise and prize him much--hears of the matter.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

queennounUS /kwiːn/

the only fertile female in a colony of social insects such as bees and ants and termites; its function is to lay eggs

From this reading The queen, who does not hate Alexander--rather does she love and praise and prize him much--hears of the matter.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading The queen, who does not hate Alexander--rather does she love and praise and prize him much--hears of the matter.

seamsnounUS /siːmz/

plural of “seam” — joint consisting of a line formed by joining two pieces

From this reading There was no thread in the seams that was not of gold, or at the least of silver.

searchesnounUS /ˈsɜːrtʃɪz/

plural of “search” — the activity of looking thoroughly in order to find something or someone

From this reading She searches and empties all her chests till she has drawn forth a shirt of white silk very well wrought very delicate and very fine.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

servicenounUS /ˈsɜːrvəs/

work done by one person or group that benefits another

From this reading She wills to do him a great service; it is far greater than she thinks.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

sewingnounUS /ˈsoʊɪŋ/

joining or attaching by stitches

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

sewnadjectiveUS /soʊn/

fastened with stitches

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The queen, who does not hate Alexander--rather does she love and praise and prize him much--hears of the matter.

shiningadjectiveUS /ˈʃaɪnɪŋ/

marked by exceptional merit

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

shirtnounUS /ʃɜːrt/

a garment worn on the upper half of the body

From this reading She searches and empties all her chests till she has drawn forth a shirt of white silk very well wrought very delicate and very fine.

silknounUS /sɪlk/

a fabric made from the fine threads produced by certain insect larvae

From this reading She searches and empties all her chests till she has drawn forth a shirt of white silk very well wrought very delicate and very fine.

silvernounUS /ˈsɪlvər/

a soft white precious univalent metallic element having the highest electrical and thermal conductivity of any metal; occurs in argentite and in free form; used in coins and jewelry and tableware and photography

From this reading There was no thread in the seams that was not of gold, or at the least of silver.

sleevesnounUS /sliːvz/

plural of “sleeve” — the part of a garment that is attached at the armhole and that provides a cloth covering for the arm

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

Soredamors

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

testnounUS /test/

trying something to find out about it

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading She wills to do him a great service; it is far greater than she thinks.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading There was no thread in the seams that was not of gold, or at the least of silver.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The queen, who does not hate Alexander--rather does she love and praise and prize him much--hears of the matter.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was no thread in the seams that was not of gold, or at the least of silver.

thinksnounUS /θɪŋks/

plural of “think” — an instance of deliberate thinking

From this reading She wills to do him a great service; it is far greater than she thinks.

threadverbUS /θred/

to move or cause to move in a sinuous, spiral, or circular course

From this reading There was no thread in the seams that was not of gold, or at the least of silver.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading She searches and empties all her chests till she has drawn forth a shirt of white silk very well wrought very delicate and very fine.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading She wills to do him a great service; it is far greater than she thinks.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading She searches and empties all her chests till she has drawn forth a shirt of white silk very well wrought very delicate and very fine.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There was no thread in the seams that was not of gold, or at the least of silver.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading She searches and empties all her chests till she has drawn forth a shirt of white silk very well wrought very delicate and very fine.

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading Soredamors from time to time had set her hands to the sewing, and had in places sewn in beside the gold a hair from her head, both on the two sleeves and on the collar to see and to put to the test whether she could ever find a man who could distinguish the one from the other, however carefully he looked at it; for the hair was as shining and as golden as the gold or even more so.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading She searches and empties all her chests till she has drawn forth a shirt of white silk very well wrought very delicate and very fine.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The queen, who does not hate Alexander--rather does she love and praise and prize him much--hears of the matter.

willsnounUS /wɪlz/

plural of “will” — the capability of conscious choice and decision and intention

From this reading She wills to do him a great service; it is far greater than she thinks.

wroughtadjectiveUS /rɔːt/

shaped to fit by or as if by altering the contours of a pliable mass (as by work or effort)

From this reading She searches and empties all her chests till she has drawn forth a shirt of white silk very well wrought very delicate and very fine.

Chapter 4 of Cliges: A Romance by de Troyes, active 12th century Chrétien holds 154 sentences, grouped into 31 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Cliges: A Romance contain?

Chapter 4 holds 154 sentences of Cliges: A Romance, unabridged, divided into 31 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Cliges: A Romance by de Troyes, active 12th century Chrétien exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 154 sentences, grouped into 31 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Cliges: A Romance?

Work through the 31 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 31 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Cliges: A Romance

Common questions about reading Cliges: A Romance by de Troyes, active 12th century Chrétien on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Cliges: A Romance?

Yes. All 1980 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2414 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Cliges: A Romance is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2414, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Cliges: A Romance take to read?

About 165 minutes of reading across 396 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Cliges: A Romance section by section

How to work through Cliges: A Romance section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Cliges: A Romance

Words and structures a reader meets early in Cliges: A Romance, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Trans
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cliges: A Romance; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Gardiner
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cliges: A Romance; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hundred
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cliges: A Romance; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fifty
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cliges: A Romance; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.