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Clotel
Clotel

Chapter XVIII · Chapter 18

Chapter 18 of Clotel is here in full — 106 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/21 · 5 lines
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THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.
THE death of the parson was the commencement of a new era in the history of his slaves.
Only a little more than eighteen years of age, Georgiana could not expect to carry out her own wishes in regard to the slaves, although she was sole heir to her father's estate.
There were distant relations whose opinions she had at least to respect.
And both law and public opinion in the state were against any measure of emancipation that she might think of adopting; unless, perhaps, she might be permitted to send them to Liberia.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Clotel

Chapter XVIII · Chapter 18

Chapter 18 of Clotel is here in full — 106 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/21 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.
Line 2
THE death of the parson was the commencement of a new era in the history of his slaves.
/ðə deθ ʌv ðə ˈpɑːrsən wɑːz ðə kəˈmensmənt ʌv ə nuː ˈerə ɪn ðə ˈhɪstəri ʌv hɪz sleɪvz/
Line 3
Only a little more than eighteen years of age, Georgiana could not expect to carry out her own wishes in regard to the slaves, although she was sole heir to her father's estate.
Line 4
There were distant relations whose opinions she had at least to respect.
/ðer wɜːr ˈdɪstənt riˈleɪʃənz huːz əˈpɪnjənz ʃiː hæd æt liːst tuː rɪˈspekt/
Line 5
And both law and public opinion in the state were against any measure of emancipation that she might think of adopting; unless, perhaps, she might be permitted to send them to Liberia.
/ənd boʊθ lɔː ənd ˈpʌblɪk əˈpɪnjən ɪn ðə steɪt wɜːr əˈɡenst ˈeni ˈmeʒər ʌv ɪˌmænsəˈpeɪʃən ðæt ʃiː maɪt θɪŋk ʌv əˈdɑːptɪŋ ənˈles pərˈhæps ʃiː maɪt biː pərˈmɪtɪd tuː send ðem tuː ˌlaɪˈbɪriːə/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adopting verb US /əˈdɑːptɪŋ/

-ing form of “adopt” — choose and follow; as of theories, ideas, policies, strategies or plans

From this reading “And both law and public opinion in the state were against any measure of emancipation that she might think of adopting; unless, perhaps, she might be permitted to send them to Liberia.”

commencement noun US /kəˈmensmənt/

the time at which something is supposed to begin

From this reading “THE death of the parson was the commencement of a new era in the history of his slaves.”

Creator noun US /kriˈeɪtər/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading “THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.”

emancipation noun US /ɪˌmænsəˈpeɪʃən/

freeing someone from the control of another; especially a parent's relinquishing authority and control over a minor child

From this reading “And both law and public opinion in the state were against any measure of emancipation that she might think of adopting; unless, perhaps, she might be permitted to send them to Liberia.”

era noun US /ˈerə/

a period marked by distinctive character or reckoned from a fixed point or event

From this reading “THE death of the parson was the commencement of a new era in the history of his slaves.”

inalienable adjective US /ˌɪˈneɪljənəbəl/

incapable of being repudiated or transferred to another

From this reading “THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.”

liberator noun US /ˈlɪbɜːreɪtər/

someone who releases people from captivity or bondage

From this reading “THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.”

Liberia noun US /ˌlaɪˈbɪriːə/

a republic in West Africa; established in 1822 by Americans as a way to free negro slaves

From this reading “And both law and public opinion in the state were against any measure of emancipation that she might think of adopting; unless, perhaps, she might be permitted to send them to Liberia.”

All words in this reading · 97

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE death of the parson was the commencement of a new era in the history of his slaves.

adoptingverbUS /əˈdɑːptɪŋ/

-ing form of “adopt” — choose and follow; as of theories, ideas, policies, strategies or plans

From this reading And both law and public opinion in the state were against any measure of emancipation that she might think of adopting; unless, perhaps, she might be permitted to send them to Liberia.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading And both law and public opinion in the state were against any measure of emancipation that she might think of adopting; unless, perhaps, she might be permitted to send them to Liberia.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading Only a little more than eighteen years of age, Georgiana could not expect to carry out her own wishes in regard to the slaves, although she was sole heir to her father's estate.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Only a little more than eighteen years of age, Georgiana could not expect to carry out her own wishes in regard to the slaves, although she was sole heir to her father's estate.

AmericannounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading And both law and public opinion in the state were against any measure of emancipation that she might think of adopting; unless, perhaps, she might be permitted to send them to Liberia.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading There were distant relations whose opinions she had at least to respect.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading And both law and public opinion in the state were against any measure of emancipation that she might think of adopting; unless, perhaps, she might be permitted to send them to Liberia.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

carryverbUS /ˈkæri/

move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading Only a little more than eighteen years of age, Georgiana could not expect to carry out her own wishes in regard to the slaves, although she was sole heir to her father's estate.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

commencementnounUS /kəˈmensmənt/

the time at which something is supposed to begin

From this reading THE death of the parson was the commencement of a new era in the history of his slaves.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Only a little more than eighteen years of age, Georgiana could not expect to carry out her own wishes in regard to the slaves, although she was sole heir to her father's estate.

createdverbUS /kriˈeɪtəd/

past form of “create” — make or cause to be or to become

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

CreatornounUS /kriˈeɪtər/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading THE death of the parson was the commencement of a new era in the history of his slaves.

DeclarationnounUS /ˌdeklərˈeɪʃən/

a statement that is emphatic and explicit (spoken or written)

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

distantadjectiveUS /ˈdɪstənt/

separated in space or coming from or going to a distance

From this reading There were distant relations whose opinions she had at least to respect.

eighteenadjectiveUS /eɪˈtiːn/

being one more than seventeen

From this reading Only a little more than eighteen years of age, Georgiana could not expect to carry out her own wishes in regard to the slaves, although she was sole heir to her father's estate.

emancipationnounUS /ɪˌmænsəˈpeɪʃən/

freeing someone from the control of another; especially a parent's relinquishing authority and control over a minor child

From this reading And both law and public opinion in the state were against any measure of emancipation that she might think of adopting; unless, perhaps, she might be permitted to send them to Liberia.

endowedadjectiveUS /enˈdaʊd/

provided or supplied or equipped with (especially as by inheritance or nature)

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

equalverbUS /ˈiːkwəl/

be identical or equivalent to

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

eranounUS /ˈerə/

a period marked by distinctive character or reckoned from a fixed point or event

From this reading THE death of the parson was the commencement of a new era in the history of his slaves.

estatenounUS /ɪˈsteɪt/

everything you own; all of your assets (whether real property or personal property) and liabilities

From this reading Only a little more than eighteen years of age, Georgiana could not expect to carry out her own wishes in regard to the slaves, although she was sole heir to her father's estate.

expectverbUS /ɪkˈspekt/

regard something as probable or likely

From this reading Only a little more than eighteen years of age, Georgiana could not expect to carry out her own wishes in regard to the slaves, although she was sole heir to her father's estate.

father'snounUS /ˈfɑːðərz/

possessive form of “father” — a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading Only a little more than eighteen years of age, Georgiana could not expect to carry out her own wishes in regard to the slaves, although she was sole heir to her father's estate.

freeverbUS /friː/

grant freedom to; free from confinement

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

Georgiana

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Only a little more than eighteen years of age, Georgiana could not expect to carry out her own wishes in regard to the slaves, although she was sole heir to her father's estate.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading There were distant relations whose opinions she had at least to respect.

happinessnounUS /ˈhæpinəs/

state of well-being characterized by emotions ranging from contentment to intense joy

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

heirnounUS /er/

A person legally or magically entitled to the property or rank of another on that person's death.

From this reading Only a little more than eighteen years of age, Georgiana could not expect to carry out her own wishes in regard to the slaves, although she was sole heir to her father's estate.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Only a little more than eighteen years of age, Georgiana could not expect to carry out her own wishes in regard to the slaves, although she was sole heir to her father's estate.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading THE death of the parson was the commencement of a new era in the history of his slaves.

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading THE death of the parson was the commencement of a new era in the history of his slaves.

holdverbUS /hoʊld/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE death of the parson was the commencement of a new era in the history of his slaves.

inalienableadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈneɪljənəbəl/

incapable of being repudiated or transferred to another

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

IndependencenounUS /ˌɪndɪˈpendəns/

freedom from control or influence of another or others

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

lawnounUS /lɔː/

the collection of rules imposed by authority

From this reading And both law and public opinion in the state were against any measure of emancipation that she might think of adopting; unless, perhaps, she might be permitted to send them to Liberia.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading There were distant relations whose opinions she had at least to respect.

LIBERATORnounUS /ˈlɪbɜːreɪtər/

someone who releases people from captivity or bondage

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

LiberianounUS /ˌlaɪˈbɪriːə/

a republic in West Africa; established in 1822 by Americans as a way to free negro slaves

From this reading And both law and public opinion in the state were against any measure of emancipation that she might think of adopting; unless, perhaps, she might be permitted to send them to Liberia.

libertynounUS /ˈlɪb.ər.ti/

The state of being free within society from oppressive restrictions on one's way of life.

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Only a little more than eighteen years of age, Georgiana could not expect to carry out her own wishes in regard to the slaves, although she was sole heir to her father's estate.

measurenounUS /ˈmeʒər/

any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

From this reading And both law and public opinion in the state were against any measure of emancipation that she might think of adopting; unless, perhaps, she might be permitted to send them to Liberia.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading And both law and public opinion in the state were against any measure of emancipation that she might think of adopting; unless, perhaps, she might be permitted to send them to Liberia.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Only a little more than eighteen years of age, Georgiana could not expect to carry out her own wishes in regard to the slaves, although she was sole heir to her father's estate.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading THE death of the parson was the commencement of a new era in the history of his slaves.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Only a little more than eighteen years of age, Georgiana could not expect to carry out her own wishes in regard to the slaves, although she was sole heir to her father's estate.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

OnlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Only a little more than eighteen years of age, Georgiana could not expect to carry out her own wishes in regard to the slaves, although she was sole heir to her father's estate.

opinionnounUS /əˈpɪnjən/

a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

From this reading And both law and public opinion in the state were against any measure of emancipation that she might think of adopting; unless, perhaps, she might be permitted to send them to Liberia.

opinionsnounUS /əˈpɪnjənz/

plural of “opinion” — a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

From this reading There were distant relations whose opinions she had at least to respect.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Only a little more than eighteen years of age, Georgiana could not expect to carry out her own wishes in regard to the slaves, although she was sole heir to her father's estate.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Only a little more than eighteen years of age, Georgiana could not expect to carry out her own wishes in regard to the slaves, although she was sole heir to her father's estate.

parsonnounUS /ˈpɑːrsən/

a person authorized to conduct religious worship

From this reading THE death of the parson was the commencement of a new era in the history of his slaves.

perhapsadverbUS /pərˈhæps/

by chance

From this reading And both law and public opinion in the state were against any measure of emancipation that she might think of adopting; unless, perhaps, she might be permitted to send them to Liberia.

permittedverbUS /pərˈmɪtɪd/

inflected form of “permit” — consent to, give permission

From this reading And both law and public opinion in the state were against any measure of emancipation that she might think of adopting; unless, perhaps, she might be permitted to send them to Liberia.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading And both law and public opinion in the state were against any measure of emancipation that she might think of adopting; unless, perhaps, she might be permitted to send them to Liberia.

pursuitnounUS /pərˈsuːt/

the act of pursuing in an effort to overtake or capture

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

regardnounUS /rɪˈɡɑːrd/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading Only a little more than eighteen years of age, Georgiana could not expect to carry out her own wishes in regard to the slaves, although she was sole heir to her father's estate.

relationsnounUS /riˈleɪʃənz/

mutual dealings or connections or communications among persons or groups

From this reading There were distant relations whose opinions she had at least to respect.

respectnounUS /rɪˈspekt/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading There were distant relations whose opinions she had at least to respect.

rightsnounUS /raɪts/

plural of “right” — an abstract idea of that which is due to a person or governmental body by law or tradition or nature

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

self-evidentadjective

evident without proof or argument

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

sendverbUS /send/

cause to go somewhere

From this reading And both law and public opinion in the state were against any measure of emancipation that she might think of adopting; unless, perhaps, she might be permitted to send them to Liberia.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Only a little more than eighteen years of age, Georgiana could not expect to carry out her own wishes in regard to the slaves, although she was sole heir to her father's estate.

slavesnounUS /sleɪvz/

plural of “slave” — a person who is owned by someone

From this reading THE death of the parson was the commencement of a new era in the history of his slaves.

solenounUS /soʊl/

the underside of footwear or a golf club

From this reading Only a little more than eighteen years of age, Georgiana could not expect to carry out her own wishes in regard to the slaves, although she was sole heir to her father's estate.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading And both law and public opinion in the state were against any measure of emancipation that she might think of adopting; unless, perhaps, she might be permitted to send them to Liberia.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Only a little more than eighteen years of age, Georgiana could not expect to carry out her own wishes in regard to the slaves, although she was sole heir to her father's estate.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading And both law and public opinion in the state were against any measure of emancipation that she might think of adopting; unless, perhaps, she might be permitted to send them to Liberia.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There were distant relations whose opinions she had at least to respect.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading And both law and public opinion in the state were against any measure of emancipation that she might think of adopting; unless, perhaps, she might be permitted to send them to Liberia.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

truthsnounUS /truːθs/

plural of “truth” — a fact that has been verified

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

unlessconjunctionUS /ənˈles/

except if; if not

From this reading And both law and public opinion in the state were against any measure of emancipation that she might think of adopting; unless, perhaps, she might be permitted to send them to Liberia.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE death of the parson was the commencement of a new era in the history of his slaves.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading There were distant relations whose opinions she had at least to respect.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading There were distant relations whose opinions she had at least to respect.

wishesnounUS /ˈwɪʃɪz/

plural of “wish” — a specific feeling of desire

From this reading Only a little more than eighteen years of age, Georgiana could not expect to carry out her own wishes in regard to the slaves, although she was sole heir to her father's estate.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading THE LIBERATOR "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created free and equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."--Declaration of American Independence.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Only a little more than eighteen years of age, Georgiana could not expect to carry out her own wishes in regard to the slaves, although she was sole heir to her father's estate.

Chapter 18 of Clotel by William Wells Brown holds 106 sentences, grouped into 22 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 18 of Clotel contain?

Chapter 18 holds 106 sentences of Clotel, unabridged, divided into 22 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 18 of Clotel by William Wells Brown exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 106 sentences, grouped into 22 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 18 of Clotel?

Work through the 22 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 22 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 18 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 18 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Clotel

Common questions about reading Clotel by William Wells Brown on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Clotel?

Yes. All 2523 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2046 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Clotel is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2046, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Clotel take to read?

About 210 minutes of reading across 505 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Clotel section by section

How to work through Clotel section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 29 chapters of Clotel to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Clotel

Words and structures a reader meets early in Clotel, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Stands
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Clotel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Auction
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Clotel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Stand
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Clotel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Young
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Clotel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.