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Clotelle
Clotelle

Chapter XXXVI · Chapter 36

Chapter 36 of Clotelle is here in full — 30 sentences across 6 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/6 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.
Most citizens, however, of the United States, who were then sojourning abroad, hastened home to take part in the struggle,--some to side with the rebels, others to take their stand with the friends of liberty.
Among the latter, none came with swifter steps or more zeal than Jerome and Clotelle Fletcher.
They arrived in New Orleans a week after the capture of that city by the expedition under the command of Major-Gen. B. F. Butler.
But how changed was society since Clotelle had last set feet in the Crescent City!
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Clotelle

Chapter XXXVI · Chapter 36

Chapter 36 of Clotelle is here in full — 30 sentences across 6 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/6 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.
Line 2
Most citizens, however, of the United States, who were then sojourning abroad, hastened home to take part in the struggle,--some to side with the rebels, others to take their stand with the friends of liberty.
Line 3
Among the latter, none came with swifter steps or more zeal than Jerome and Clotelle Fletcher.
Line 4
They arrived in New Orleans a week after the capture of that city by the expedition under the command of Major-Gen. B. F. Butler.
Line 5
But how changed was society since Clotelle had last set feet in the Crescent City!

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Crescent noun US /ˈkresənt/

any shape resembling the curved shape of the moon in its first or last quarters

From this reading “But how changed was society since Clotelle had last set feet in the Crescent City!”

downfall noun US /ˈdaʊnfɔːl/

failure that results in a loss of position or reputation

From this reading “THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.”

institutions noun US /ˌɪnstɪˈtuːʃənz/

plural of “institution” — an organization founded and united for a specific purpose

From this reading “THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.”

Jerome noun US /dʒərˈoʊm/

(Roman Catholic Church) one of the great Fathers of the early Christian Church whose major work was his translation of the Scriptures from Hebrew and Greek into Latin (which became the Vulgate); a saint and Doctor of the Church (347-420)

From this reading “Among the latter, none came with swifter steps or more zeal than Jerome and Clotelle Fletcher.”

rebels noun US /ˈrebəlz/

plural of “rebel” — “Johnny” was applied as a nickname for Confederate soldiers by the Federal soldiers in the American Civil War; “greyback” derived from their grey Confederate uniforms

From this reading “Most citizens, however, of the United States, who were then sojourning abroad, hastened home to take part in the struggle,--some to side with the rebels, others to take their stand with the friends of liberty.”

reverberated verb US /rɪˈvɜːrbəreɪtɪd/

past form of “reverberate” — ring or echo with sound

From this reading “THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.”

sojourning verb US /ˈsoʊdʒərnɪŋ/

-ing form of “sojourn” — spend a certain length of time; reside temporarily

From this reading “Most citizens, however, of the United States, who were then sojourning abroad, hastened home to take part in the struggle,--some to side with the rebels, others to take their stand with the friends of liberty.”

swifter adjective US /ˈswɪftər/

comparative of “swift” — moving very fast

From this reading “Among the latter, none came with swifter steps or more zeal than Jerome and Clotelle Fletcher.”

All words in this reading · 104

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

12th

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

1861

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading They arrived in New Orleans a week after the capture of that city by the expedition under the command of Major-Gen. B. F. Butler.

abroadadverbUS /əˈbrɔːd/

to or in a foreign country

From this reading Most citizens, however, of the United States, who were then sojourning abroad, hastened home to take part in the struggle,--some to side with the rebels, others to take their stand with the friends of liberty.

actverbUS /ækt/

perform an action, or work out or perform (an action)

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading They arrived in New Orleans a week after the capture of that city by the expedition under the command of Major-Gen. B. F. Butler.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

AmericannounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

AmongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Among the latter, none came with swifter steps or more zeal than Jerome and Clotelle Fletcher.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

AprilnounUS /ˈeɪprəl/

the month following March and preceding May

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

arrivedverbUS /ərˈaɪvd/

past form of “arrive” — reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading They arrived in New Orleans a week after the capture of that city by the expedition under the command of Major-Gen. B. F. Butler.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

BnounUS /biː/

aerobic rod-shaped spore-producing bacterium; often occurring in chainlike formations; found primarily in soil

From this reading They arrived in New Orleans a week after the capture of that city by the expedition under the command of Major-Gen. B. F. Butler.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But how changed was society since Clotelle had last set feet in the Crescent City!

ButlernounUS /ˈbʌtlər/

a manservant (usually the head servant of a household) who has charge of wines and the table

From this reading They arrived in New Orleans a week after the capture of that city by the expedition under the command of Major-Gen. B. F. Butler.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Among the latter, none came with swifter steps or more zeal than Jerome and Clotelle Fletcher.

captureverbUS /ˈkæptʃər/

succeed in representing or expressing something intangible

From this reading They arrived in New Orleans a week after the capture of that city by the expedition under the command of Major-Gen. B. F. Butler.

changedadjectiveUS /tʃeɪndʒd/

made or become different in nature or form

From this reading But how changed was society since Clotelle had last set feet in the Crescent City!

citizensnounUS /ˈsɪtəzənz/

plural of “citizen” — a native or naturalized member of a state or other political community

From this reading Most citizens, however, of the United States, who were then sojourning abroad, hastened home to take part in the struggle,--some to side with the rebels, others to take their stand with the friends of liberty.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading They arrived in New Orleans a week after the capture of that city by the expedition under the command of Major-Gen. B. F. Butler.

Clotelle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among the latter, none came with swifter steps or more zeal than Jerome and Clotelle Fletcher.

commandnounUS /kəˈmænd/

an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading They arrived in New Orleans a week after the capture of that city by the expedition under the command of Major-Gen. B. F. Butler.

CrescentnounUS /ˈkresənt/

any shape resembling the curved shape of the moon in its first or last quarters

From this reading But how changed was society since Clotelle had last set feet in the Crescent City!

crownedadjectiveUS /kraʊnd/

having an (artificial) crown on a tooth

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

downfallnounUS /ˈdaʊnfɔːl/

failure that results in a loss of position or reputation

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

EuropenounUS /ˈjʊrəp/

the 2nd smallest continent (actually a vast peninsula of Eurasia); the British use “Europe” to refer to all of the continent except the British Isles

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

expeditionnounUS /ˌekspəˈdɪʃən/

a military campaign designed to achieve a specific objective in a foreign country

From this reading They arrived in New Orleans a week after the capture of that city by the expedition under the command of Major-Gen. B. F. Butler.

experimentnounUS /ɪkˈsperəmənt/

the act of conducting a controlled test or investigation

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

FnounUS /ef/

a degree on the Fahrenheit scale of temperature

From this reading They arrived in New Orleans a week after the capture of that city by the expedition under the command of Major-Gen. B. F. Butler.

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading But how changed was society since Clotelle had last set feet in the Crescent City!

firedadjectiveUS /ˈfaɪərd/

having lost your job

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

FlagnounUS /flæɡ/

emblem usually consisting of a rectangular piece of cloth of distinctive design

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

FletchernounUS /ˈfletʃər/

prolific English dramatist who collaborated with Francis Beaumont and many other dramatists (1579-1625)

From this reading Among the latter, none came with swifter steps or more zeal than Jerome and Clotelle Fletcher.

FortnounUS /fɔːrt/

a fortified military post where troops are stationed

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading Most citizens, however, of the United States, who were then sojourning abroad, hastened home to take part in the struggle,--some to side with the rebels, others to take their stand with the friends of liberty.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

gunnounUS /ɡʌn/

a weapon that discharges a missile at high velocity (especially from a metal tube or barrel)

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading But how changed was society since Clotelle had last set feet in the Crescent City!

hailedverbUS /heɪld/

past form of “hail” — praise vociferously

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

hastenedverbUS /ˈheɪsənd/

past form of “hasten” — act or move at high speed

From this reading Most citizens, however, of the United States, who were then sojourning abroad, hastened home to take part in the struggle,--some to side with the rebels, others to take their stand with the friends of liberty.

hatedadjectiveUS /ˈheɪtəd/

treated with dislike or contempt

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

headsnounUS /hedz/

plural of “head” — the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading Most citizens, however, of the United States, who were then sojourning abroad, hastened home to take part in the struggle,--some to side with the rebels, others to take their stand with the friends of liberty.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But how changed was society since Clotelle had last set feet in the Crescent City!

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading Most citizens, however, of the United States, who were then sojourning abroad, hastened home to take part in the struggle,--some to side with the rebels, others to take their stand with the friends of liberty.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

institutionsnounUS /ˌɪnstɪˈtuːʃənz/

plural of “institution” — an organization founded and united for a specific purpose

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

JeromenounUS /dʒərˈoʊm/

(Roman Catholic Church) one of the great Fathers of the early Christian Church whose major work was his translation of the Scriptures from Hebrew and Greek into Latin (which became the Vulgate); a saint and Doctor of the Church (347-420)

From this reading Among the latter, none came with swifter steps or more zeal than Jerome and Clotelle Fletcher.

joynounUS /dʒɔɪ/

the emotion of great happiness

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading But how changed was society since Clotelle had last set feet in the Crescent City!

latteradjectiveUS /ˈlætər/

referring to the second of two things or persons mentioned (or the last one or ones of several)

From this reading Among the latter, none came with swifter steps or more zeal than Jerome and Clotelle Fletcher.

libertynounUS /ˈlɪb.ər.ti/

The state of being free within society from oppressive restrictions on one's way of life.

From this reading Most citizens, however, of the United States, who were then sojourning abroad, hastened home to take part in the struggle,--some to side with the rebels, others to take their stand with the friends of liberty.

Major-Gen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They arrived in New Orleans a week after the capture of that city by the expedition under the command of Major-Gen. B. F. Butler.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Among the latter, none came with swifter steps or more zeal than Jerome and Clotelle Fletcher.

MostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Most citizens, however, of the United States, who were then sojourning abroad, hastened home to take part in the struggle,--some to side with the rebels, others to take their stand with the friends of liberty.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading They arrived in New Orleans a week after the capture of that city by the expedition under the command of Major-Gen. B. F. Butler.

nonepronounUS /nʌn/

not one, and not any

From this reading Among the latter, none came with swifter steps or more zeal than Jerome and Clotelle Fletcher.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

OldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Among the latter, none came with swifter steps or more zeal than Jerome and Clotelle Fletcher.

OrleansnounUS /ˈɔːrliənz/

a city on the Loire river in north central France; site of the siege of Orleans by the English (1428-1429)

From this reading They arrived in New Orleans a week after the capture of that city by the expedition under the command of Major-Gen. B. F. Butler.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Most citizens, however, of the United States, who were then sojourning abroad, hastened home to take part in the struggle,--some to side with the rebels, others to take their stand with the friends of liberty.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading Most citizens, however, of the United States, who were then sojourning abroad, hastened home to take part in the struggle,--some to side with the rebels, others to take their stand with the friends of liberty.

rebelsnounUS /ˈrebəlz/

plural of “rebel” — “Johnny” was applied as a nickname for Confederate soldiers by the Federal soldiers in the American Civil War; “greyback” derived from their grey Confederate uniforms

From this reading Most citizens, however, of the United States, who were then sojourning abroad, hastened home to take part in the struggle,--some to side with the rebels, others to take their stand with the friends of liberty.

republicannounUS /rɪˈpʌblɪkən/

a member of the Republican Party

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

reverberatedverbUS /rɪˈvɜːrbəreɪtɪd/

past form of “reverberate” — ring or echo with sound

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading But how changed was society since Clotelle had last set feet in the Crescent City!

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Most citizens, however, of the United States, who were then sojourning abroad, hastened home to take part in the struggle,--some to side with the rebels, others to take their stand with the friends of liberty.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading But how changed was society since Clotelle had last set feet in the Crescent City!

societynounUS /səˈsaɪəti/

an extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic organization

From this reading But how changed was society since Clotelle had last set feet in the Crescent City!

sojourningverbUS /ˈsoʊdʒərnɪŋ/

-ing form of “sojourn” — spend a certain length of time; reside temporarily

From this reading Most citizens, however, of the United States, who were then sojourning abroad, hastened home to take part in the struggle,--some to side with the rebels, others to take their stand with the friends of liberty.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Most citizens, however, of the United States, who were then sojourning abroad, hastened home to take part in the struggle,--some to side with the rebels, others to take their stand with the friends of liberty.

standverbUS /stænd/

be standing; be upright

From this reading Most citizens, however, of the United States, who were then sojourning abroad, hastened home to take part in the struggle,--some to side with the rebels, others to take their stand with the friends of liberty.

StatesnounUS /steɪts/

plural of “state” — the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading Most citizens, however, of the United States, who were then sojourning abroad, hastened home to take part in the struggle,--some to side with the rebels, others to take their stand with the friends of liberty.

stepsnounUS /steps/

a flight of stairs or a flight of steps

From this reading Among the latter, none came with swifter steps or more zeal than Jerome and Clotelle Fletcher.

struggleverbUS /ˈstrʌɡəl/

make a strenuous or labored effort

From this reading Most citizens, however, of the United States, who were then sojourning abroad, hastened home to take part in the struggle,--some to side with the rebels, others to take their stand with the friends of liberty.

Sumter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

swifteradjectiveUS /ˈswɪftər/

comparative of “swift” — moving very fast

From this reading Among the latter, none came with swifter steps or more zeal than Jerome and Clotelle Fletcher.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading Most citizens, however, of the United States, who were then sojourning abroad, hastened home to take part in the struggle,--some to side with the rebels, others to take their stand with the friends of liberty.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Among the latter, none came with swifter steps or more zeal than Jerome and Clotelle Fletcher.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading They arrived in New Orleans a week after the capture of that city by the expedition under the command of Major-Gen. B. F. Butler.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Most citizens, however, of the United States, who were then sojourning abroad, hastened home to take part in the struggle,--some to side with the rebels, others to take their stand with the friends of liberty.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Most citizens, however, of the United States, who were then sojourning abroad, hastened home to take part in the struggle,--some to side with the rebels, others to take their stand with the friends of liberty.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Most citizens, however, of the United States, who were then sojourning abroad, hastened home to take part in the struggle,--some to side with the rebels, others to take their stand with the friends of liberty.

treasonnounUS /ˈtriːzən/

a crime that undermines the offender's government

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading They arrived in New Orleans a week after the capture of that city by the expedition under the command of Major-Gen. B. F. Butler.

UnitedadjectiveUS /juːˈnaɪtɪd/

characterized by unity; being or joined into a single entity

From this reading Most citizens, however, of the United States, who were then sojourning abroad, hastened home to take part in the struggle,--some to side with the rebels, others to take their stand with the friends of liberty.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

weeknounUS /wiːk/

any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading They arrived in New Orleans a week after the capture of that city by the expedition under the command of Major-Gen. B. F. Butler.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Most citizens, however, of the United States, who were then sojourning abroad, hastened home to take part in the struggle,--some to side with the rebels, others to take their stand with the friends of liberty.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

WorldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading THE first gun fired at the American Flag, on the 12th of April, 1861, at Fort Sumter, reverberated all over Europe, and was hailed with joy by the crowned heads of the Old World, who hated republican institutions, and who thought they saw, in this act of treason, the downfall of the great American experiment.

zealnounUS /ziːl/

a feeling of strong eagerness (usually in favor of a person or cause)

From this reading Among the latter, none came with swifter steps or more zeal than Jerome and Clotelle Fletcher.

Chapter 36 of Clotelle by William Wells Brown holds 30 sentences, grouped into 6 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 36 of Clotelle contain?

Chapter 36 holds 30 sentences of Clotelle, unabridged, divided into 6 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 36 of Clotelle by William Wells Brown exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 30 sentences, grouped into 6 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 36 of Clotelle?

Work through the 6 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 6 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 36 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 36 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Clotelle

Common questions about reading Clotelle by William Wells Brown on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Clotelle?

Yes. All 2012 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #241 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Clotelle is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #241, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Clotelle take to read?

About 167 minutes of reading across 403 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Clotelle section by section

How to work through Clotelle section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 39 chapters of Clotelle to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Clotelle

Words and structures a reader meets early in Clotelle, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Years
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Clotelle; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
South
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Clotelle; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Noted
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Clotelle; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Beautiful
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Clotelle; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.