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Cobwebs from an Empty Skull
Cobwebs from an Empty Skull

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Cobwebs from an Empty Skull is here in full — 408 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/81 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."
"Ha! look at me!" said a toadstool; "consider my superior privation, and be content with your comparatively happy lot."
"I don't discern," replied the first, "how the contemplation of unipedal misery tends to alleviate tripedal wretchedness."
"You don't, eh!" sneered the toadstool.
"You mean, do you, to fly in the face of all the moral and social philosophers?"
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Cobwebs from an Empty Skull

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Cobwebs from an Empty Skull is here in full — 408 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/81 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."
Line 2
"Ha! look at me!" said a toadstool; "consider my superior privation, and be content with your comparatively happy lot."
Line 3
"I don't discern," replied the first, "how the contemplation of unipedal misery tends to alleviate tripedal wretchedness."
Line 4
"You don't, eh!" sneered the toadstool.
Line 5
"You mean, do you, to fly in the face of all the moral and social philosophers?"
/juː miːn duː juː tuː flaɪ ɪn ðə feɪs ʌv ɔːl ðə ˈmɔːrəl ənd ˈsoʊʃəl fəˈlɑːsəfərz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

alleviate verb US /əˈliːvieɪt/

provide physical relief, as from pain

From this reading “"I don't discern," replied the first, "how the contemplation of unipedal misery tends to alleviate tripedal wretchedness."”

discern verb US /dɪˈsɜːrn/

detect with the senses

From this reading “"I don't discern," replied the first, "how the contemplation of unipedal misery tends to alleviate tripedal wretchedness."”

felicity noun US /fɪˈlɪsəti/

pleasing and appropriate manner or style (especially manner or style of expression)

From this reading “"Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."”

philosophers noun US /fəˈlɑːsəfərz/

plural of “philosopher” — a specialist in philosophy

From this reading “"You mean, do you, to fly in the face of all the moral and social philosophers?"”

privation noun US /praɪˈveɪʃən/

a state of extreme poverty

From this reading “"Ha! look at me!" said a toadstool; "consider my superior privation, and be content with your comparatively happy lot."”

sneered verb US /snɪrd/

past form of “sneer” — express through a scornful smile

From this reading “"You don't, eh!" sneered the toadstool.”

tends verb US /tendz/

third-person singular of “tend” — have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined

From this reading “"I don't discern," replied the first, "how the contemplation of unipedal misery tends to alleviate tripedal wretchedness."”

twenty-first adjective US /ˈtwentifɜːrst/

coming next after the twentieth in position

From this reading “"Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."”

All words in this reading · 70

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."

Ah

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading "You mean, do you, to fly in the face of all the moral and social philosophers?"

alleviateverbUS /əˈliːvieɪt/

provide physical relief, as from pain

From this reading "I don't discern," replied the first, "how the contemplation of unipedal misery tends to alleviate tripedal wretchedness."

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "Ha! look at me!" said a toadstool; "consider my superior privation, and be content with your comparatively happy lot."

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading "Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading "Ha! look at me!" said a toadstool; "consider my superior privation, and be content with your comparatively happy lot."

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading "Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading "Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."

comparativelyadverbUS /kəmˈperətɪvli/

in a relative manner; by comparison to something else

From this reading "Ha! look at me!" said a toadstool; "consider my superior privation, and be content with your comparatively happy lot."

considerverbUS /kənˈsɪdər/

deem to be

From this reading "Ha! look at me!" said a toadstool; "consider my superior privation, and be content with your comparatively happy lot."

considerableadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərəbəl/

large or relatively large in number or amount or extent or degree

From this reading "Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."

contemplationnounUS /ˌkɑːntəmˈpleɪʃən/

a long and thoughtful observation

From this reading "I don't discern," replied the first, "how the contemplation of unipedal misery tends to alleviate tripedal wretchedness."

contentnounUS /ˈkɑːntent/

(usually plural) everything that is included in a collection and that is held or included in something

From this reading "Ha! look at me!" said a toadstool; "consider my superior privation, and be content with your comparatively happy lot."

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading "Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."

discernverbUS /dɪˈsɜːrn/

detect with the senses

From this reading "I don't discern," replied the first, "how the contemplation of unipedal misery tends to alleviate tripedal wretchedness."

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading "You mean, do you, to fly in the face of all the moral and social philosophers?"

don't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "I don't discern," replied the first, "how the contemplation of unipedal misery tends to alleviate tripedal wretchedness."

eh

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "You don't, eh!" sneered the toadstool.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading "You mean, do you, to fly in the face of all the moral and social philosophers?"

felicitynounUS /fɪˈlɪsəti/

pleasing and appropriate manner or style (especially manner or style of expression)

From this reading "Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading "I don't discern," replied the first, "how the contemplation of unipedal misery tends to alleviate tripedal wretchedness."

flyverbUS /flaɪ/

travel through the air; be airborne

From this reading "You mean, do you, to fly in the face of all the moral and social philosophers?"

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading "Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."

HanounUS /hɑː/

(astronomy) the angular distance of a celestial point measured westward along the celestial equator from the zenith crossing; the right ascension for an observer at a particular location and time of day

From this reading "Ha! look at me!" said a toadstool; "consider my superior privation, and be content with your comparatively happy lot."

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading "Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."

happyadjectiveUS /ˈhæpi/

enjoying or showing or marked by joy or pleasure

From this reading "Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading "Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "I don't discern," replied the first, "how the contemplation of unipedal misery tends to alleviate tripedal wretchedness."

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading "Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading "You mean, do you, to fly in the face of all the moral and social philosophers?"

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."

JunenounUS /dʒuːn/

the month following May and preceding July

From this reading "Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading "Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading "Ha! look at me!" said a toadstool; "consider my superior privation, and be content with your comparatively happy lot."

lotnounUS /lɑːt/

(often followed by “of”) a large number or amount or extent

From this reading "Ha! look at me!" said a toadstool; "consider my superior privation, and be content with your comparatively happy lot."

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading "Ha! look at me!" said a toadstool; "consider my superior privation, and be content with your comparatively happy lot."

meanverbUS /miːn/

mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading "You mean, do you, to fly in the face of all the moral and social philosophers?"

miserynounUS /ˈmɪzəri/

a state of ill-being due to affliction or misfortune

From this reading "I don't discern," replied the first, "how the contemplation of unipedal misery tends to alleviate tripedal wretchedness."

moraladjectiveUS /ˈmɔːrəl/

concerned with principles of right and wrong or conforming to standards of behavior and character based on those principles

From this reading "You mean, do you, to fly in the face of all the moral and social philosophers?"

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading "Ha! look at me!" said a toadstool; "consider my superior privation, and be content with your comparatively happy lot."

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading "Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading "Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."

philosophersnounUS /fəˈlɑːsəfərz/

plural of “philosopher” — a specialist in philosophy

From this reading "You mean, do you, to fly in the face of all the moral and social philosophers?"

privationnounUS /praɪˈveɪʃən/

a state of extreme poverty

From this reading "Ha! look at me!" said a toadstool; "consider my superior privation, and be content with your comparatively happy lot."

quadrupednoun

an animal especially a mammal having four limbs specialized for walking

From this reading "Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."

repliedverbUS /rɪˈplaɪd/

inflected form of “reply” — react verbally

From this reading "I don't discern," replied the first, "how the contemplation of unipedal misery tends to alleviate tripedal wretchedness."

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "Ha! look at me!" said a toadstool; "consider my superior privation, and be content with your comparatively happy lot."

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading "Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."

sighedverbUS /saɪd/

past form of “sigh” — heave or utter a sigh; breathe deeply and heavily

From this reading "Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."

sneeredverbUS /snɪrd/

past form of “sneer” — express through a scornful smile

From this reading "You don't, eh!" sneered the toadstool.

socialadjectiveUS /ˈsoʊʃəl/

relating to human society and its members

From this reading "You mean, do you, to fly in the face of all the moral and social philosophers?"

stoolnounUS /stuːl/

a simple seat without a back or arms

From this reading "Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."

superioradjectiveUS /suːˈpɪriər/

of high or superior quality or performance

From this reading "Ha! look at me!" said a toadstool; "consider my superior privation, and be content with your comparatively happy lot."

tendsverbUS /tendz/

third-person singular of “tend” — have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined

From this reading "I don't discern," replied the first, "how the contemplation of unipedal misery tends to alleviate tripedal wretchedness."

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."

three-leggedadjective

having or as if having three legs

From this reading "Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "I don't discern," replied the first, "how the contemplation of unipedal misery tends to alleviate tripedal wretchedness."

toadstoolnoun

common name for an inedible or poisonous agaric (contrasting with the edible mushroom)

From this reading "Ha! look at me!" said a toadstool; "consider my superior privation, and be content with your comparatively happy lot."

tripedal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "I don't discern," replied the first, "how the contemplation of unipedal misery tends to alleviate tripedal wretchedness."

twenty-firstadjectiveUS /ˈtwentifɜːrst/

coming next after the twentieth in position

From this reading "Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."

unipedal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "I don't discern," replied the first, "how the contemplation of unipedal misery tends to alleviate tripedal wretchedness."

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading "Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading "Ha! look at me!" said a toadstool; "consider my superior privation, and be content with your comparatively happy lot."

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading "Ah!" sighed a three-legged stool, "if I had only been a quadruped, I should have been happy as the day is long--which, on the twenty-first of June, would be considerable felicity for a stool."

wretchednessnoun

a state of ill-being due to affliction or misfortune

From this reading "I don't discern," replied the first, "how the contemplation of unipedal misery tends to alleviate tripedal wretchedness."

YoupronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "You don't, eh!" sneered the toadstool.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "Ha! look at me!" said a toadstool; "consider my superior privation, and be content with your comparatively happy lot."

Chapter 4 of Cobwebs from an Empty Skull by Ambrose Bierce holds 408 sentences, grouped into 82 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Cobwebs from an Empty Skull contain?

Chapter 4 holds 408 sentences of Cobwebs from an Empty Skull, unabridged, divided into 82 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Cobwebs from an Empty Skull by Ambrose Bierce exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 408 sentences, grouped into 82 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Cobwebs from an Empty Skull?

Work through the 82 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 82 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Cobwebs from an Empty Skull

Common questions about reading Cobwebs from an Empty Skull by Ambrose Bierce on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Cobwebs from an Empty Skull?

Yes. All 2914 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #12793 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Cobwebs from an Empty Skull is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #12793, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Cobwebs from an Empty Skull take to read?

About 242 minutes of reading across 583 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Cobwebs from an Empty Skull

Words and structures a reader meets early in Cobwebs from an Empty Skull, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Empty
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cobwebs from an Empty Skull; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Skull
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cobwebs from an Empty Skull; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Grile
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cobwebs from an Empty Skull; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Illustrated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cobwebs from an Empty Skull; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.