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Comic History of England
Comic History of England

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of Comic History of England is here in full — 52 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/10 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
MAGNA CHARTA INTRODUCED: SLIGHT DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTERED IN OVERCOMING AN UNPOPULAR AND UNREASONABLE PREJUDICE.
Philip called the miserable monarch to account for the death of Arthur, and, as a result, John lost his French possessions.
Hence the weak and wicked son of Henry Plantagenet, since called Lackland, ceased to be a tax-payer in France, and proved to a curious world that a court fool in his household was superfluous.
John now became mixed up in a fracas with the Roman pontiff, who would have been justified in giving him a Roman punch.
Why he did not, no Roman knows.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Comic History of England

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of Comic History of England is here in full — 52 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/10 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
MAGNA CHARTA INTRODUCED: SLIGHT DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTERED IN OVERCOMING AN UNPOPULAR AND UNREASONABLE PREJUDICE.
Line 2
Philip called the miserable monarch to account for the death of Arthur, and, as a result, John lost his French possessions.
/ˈfɪləp kɔːld ðə ˈmɪzərəbəl ˈmɑːnɑːrk tuː əˈkaʊnt fɔːr ðə deθ ʌv ˈɑːrθər ənd æz ə rɪˈzʌlt dʒɑːn lɔːst hɪz frentʃ pəˈzeʃənz/
Line 3
Hence the weak and wicked son of Henry Plantagenet, since called Lackland, ceased to be a tax-payer in France, and proved to a curious world that a court fool in his household was superfluous.
Line 4
John now became mixed up in a fracas with the Roman pontiff, who would have been justified in giving him a Roman punch.
/dʒɑːn naʊ bɪˈkeɪm mɪkst ʌp ɪn ə ˈfreɪkəs wɪð ðə ˈroʊmən ˈpɑːntəf huː wʊd hæv bɪn ˈdʒʌstəfaɪd ɪn ˈɡɪvɪŋ hɪm ə ˈroʊmən pʌntʃ/
Line 5
Why he did not, no Roman knows.
/waɪ hiː dɪd nɑːt noʊ ˈroʊmən noʊz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

fracas noun US /ˈfreɪkəs/

noisy quarrel

From this reading “John now became mixed up in a fracas with the Roman pontiff, who would have been justified in giving him a Roman punch.”

overcoming verb US /ˈoʊvərkʌmɪŋ/

-ing form of “overcome” — win a victory over

From this reading “MAGNA CHARTA INTRODUCED: SLIGHT DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTERED IN OVERCOMING AN UNPOPULAR AND UNREASONABLE PREJUDICE.”

pontiff noun US /ˈpɑːntəf/

the head of the Roman Catholic Church

From this reading “John now became mixed up in a fracas with the Roman pontiff, who would have been justified in giving him a Roman punch.”

possessions noun US /pəˈzeʃənz/

plural of “possession” — the act of having and controlling property

From this reading “Philip called the miserable monarch to account for the death of Arthur, and, as a result, John lost his French possessions.”

punch verb US /pʌntʃ/

deliver a quick blow to

From this reading “John now became mixed up in a fracas with the Roman pontiff, who would have been justified in giving him a Roman punch.”

superfluous adjective US /ˈsuːpərflwʌs/

serving no useful purpose; having no excuse for being

From this reading “Hence the weak and wicked son of Henry Plantagenet, since called Lackland, ceased to be a tax-payer in France, and proved to a curious world that a court fool in his household was superfluous.”

unpopular adjective US /ˌʌnˈpɑːpjələr/

regarded with disfavor or lacking general approval

From this reading “MAGNA CHARTA INTRODUCED: SLIGHT DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTERED IN OVERCOMING AN UNPOPULAR AND UNREASONABLE PREJUDICE.”

unreasonable adjective US /ənˈriːznəbəl/

not reasonable; not showing good judgment

From this reading “MAGNA CHARTA INTRODUCED: SLIGHT DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTERED IN OVERCOMING AN UNPOPULAR AND UNREASONABLE PREJUDICE.”

All words in this reading · 75

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Philip called the miserable monarch to account for the death of Arthur, and, as a result, John lost his French possessions.

accountnounUS /əˈkaʊnt/

a record or narrative description of past events

From this reading Philip called the miserable monarch to account for the death of Arthur, and, as a result, John lost his French possessions.

ANdeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading MAGNA CHARTA INTRODUCED: SLIGHT DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTERED IN OVERCOMING AN UNPOPULAR AND UNREASONABLE PREJUDICE.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading MAGNA CHARTA INTRODUCED: SLIGHT DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTERED IN OVERCOMING AN UNPOPULAR AND UNREASONABLE PREJUDICE.

ArthurnounUS /ˈɑːrθər/

elected vice president and became 21st President of the United States when Garfield was assassinated (1830-1886)

From this reading Philip called the miserable monarch to account for the death of Arthur, and, as a result, John lost his French possessions.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Philip called the miserable monarch to account for the death of Arthur, and, as a result, John lost his French possessions.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Hence the weak and wicked son of Henry Plantagenet, since called Lackland, ceased to be a tax-payer in France, and proved to a curious world that a court fool in his household was superfluous.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading John now became mixed up in a fracas with the Roman pontiff, who would have been justified in giving him a Roman punch.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading John now became mixed up in a fracas with the Roman pontiff, who would have been justified in giving him a Roman punch.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Philip called the miserable monarch to account for the death of Arthur, and, as a result, John lost his French possessions.

ceasedverbUS /siːst/

past form of “cease” — put an end to a state or an activity

From this reading Hence the weak and wicked son of Henry Plantagenet, since called Lackland, ceased to be a tax-payer in France, and proved to a curious world that a court fool in his household was superfluous.

CHARTA

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MAGNA CHARTA INTRODUCED: SLIGHT DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTERED IN OVERCOMING AN UNPOPULAR AND UNREASONABLE PREJUDICE.

courtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading Hence the weak and wicked son of Henry Plantagenet, since called Lackland, ceased to be a tax-payer in France, and proved to a curious world that a court fool in his household was superfluous.

curiousadjectiveUS /ˈkjʊriəs/

beyond or deviating from the usual or expected

From this reading Hence the weak and wicked son of Henry Plantagenet, since called Lackland, ceased to be a tax-payer in France, and proved to a curious world that a court fool in his household was superfluous.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading Philip called the miserable monarch to account for the death of Arthur, and, as a result, John lost his French possessions.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Why he did not, no Roman knows.

DIFFICULTIESnounUS /ˈdɪfəkəltiz/

plural of “difficulty” — an effort that is inconvenient

From this reading MAGNA CHARTA INTRODUCED: SLIGHT DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTERED IN OVERCOMING AN UNPOPULAR AND UNREASONABLE PREJUDICE.

ENCOUNTEREDverbUS /ɪnˈkaʊntərd/

past form of “encounter” — come together

From this reading MAGNA CHARTA INTRODUCED: SLIGHT DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTERED IN OVERCOMING AN UNPOPULAR AND UNREASONABLE PREJUDICE.

foolnounUS /fuːl/

a person who lacks good judgment

From this reading Hence the weak and wicked son of Henry Plantagenet, since called Lackland, ceased to be a tax-payer in France, and proved to a curious world that a court fool in his household was superfluous.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Philip called the miserable monarch to account for the death of Arthur, and, as a result, John lost his French possessions.

fracasnounUS /ˈfreɪkəs/

noisy quarrel

From this reading John now became mixed up in a fracas with the Roman pontiff, who would have been justified in giving him a Roman punch.

FrancenounUS /fræns/

a republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe

From this reading Hence the weak and wicked son of Henry Plantagenet, since called Lackland, ceased to be a tax-payer in France, and proved to a curious world that a court fool in his household was superfluous.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading Philip called the miserable monarch to account for the death of Arthur, and, as a result, John lost his French possessions.

givingnounUS /ˈɡɪvɪŋ/

the act of giving

From this reading John now became mixed up in a fracas with the Roman pontiff, who would have been justified in giving him a Roman punch.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading John now became mixed up in a fracas with the Roman pontiff, who would have been justified in giving him a Roman punch.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Why he did not, no Roman knows.

HenceadverbUS /hens/

for this reason

From this reading Hence the weak and wicked son of Henry Plantagenet, since called Lackland, ceased to be a tax-payer in France, and proved to a curious world that a court fool in his household was superfluous.

HenrynounUS /ˈhenri/

a unit of inductance in which an induced electromotive force of one volt is produced when the current is varied at the rate of one ampere per second

From this reading Hence the weak and wicked son of Henry Plantagenet, since called Lackland, ceased to be a tax-payer in France, and proved to a curious world that a court fool in his household was superfluous.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading John now became mixed up in a fracas with the Roman pontiff, who would have been justified in giving him a Roman punch.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Philip called the miserable monarch to account for the death of Arthur, and, as a result, John lost his French possessions.

householdnounUS /ˈhaʊshoʊld/

a social unit living together

From this reading Hence the weak and wicked son of Henry Plantagenet, since called Lackland, ceased to be a tax-payer in France, and proved to a curious world that a court fool in his household was superfluous.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading MAGNA CHARTA INTRODUCED: SLIGHT DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTERED IN OVERCOMING AN UNPOPULAR AND UNREASONABLE PREJUDICE.

INTRODUCEDverbUS /ˌɪntrəˈduːst/

past form of “introduce” — cause to come to know personally

From this reading MAGNA CHARTA INTRODUCED: SLIGHT DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTERED IN OVERCOMING AN UNPOPULAR AND UNREASONABLE PREJUDICE.

JohnnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading Philip called the miserable monarch to account for the death of Arthur, and, as a result, John lost his French possessions.

justifiedadjectiveUS /ˈdʒʌstəfaɪd/

having words so spaced that lines have straight even margins

From this reading John now became mixed up in a fracas with the Roman pontiff, who would have been justified in giving him a Roman punch.

knowsnounUS /noʊz/

plural of “know” — the fact of being aware of information that is known to few people

From this reading Why he did not, no Roman knows.

Lackland

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hence the weak and wicked son of Henry Plantagenet, since called Lackland, ceased to be a tax-payer in France, and proved to a curious world that a court fool in his household was superfluous.

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading Philip called the miserable monarch to account for the death of Arthur, and, as a result, John lost his French possessions.

MAGNA

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MAGNA CHARTA INTRODUCED: SLIGHT DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTERED IN OVERCOMING AN UNPOPULAR AND UNREASONABLE PREJUDICE.

miserableadjectiveUS /ˈmɪzərəbəl/

very unhappy; full of misery

From this reading Philip called the miserable monarch to account for the death of Arthur, and, as a result, John lost his French possessions.

mixedadjectiveUS /mɪkst/

consisting of a haphazard assortment of different kinds

From this reading John now became mixed up in a fracas with the Roman pontiff, who would have been justified in giving him a Roman punch.

monarchnounUS /ˈmɑːnɑːrk/

a nation's ruler or head of state usually by hereditary right

From this reading Philip called the miserable monarch to account for the death of Arthur, and, as a result, John lost his French possessions.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Why he did not, no Roman knows.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Why he did not, no Roman knows.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading John now became mixed up in a fracas with the Roman pontiff, who would have been justified in giving him a Roman punch.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Philip called the miserable monarch to account for the death of Arthur, and, as a result, John lost his French possessions.

OVERCOMINGverbUS /ˈoʊvərkʌmɪŋ/

-ing form of “overcome” — win a victory over

From this reading MAGNA CHARTA INTRODUCED: SLIGHT DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTERED IN OVERCOMING AN UNPOPULAR AND UNREASONABLE PREJUDICE.

PhilipnounUS /ˈfɪləp/

Englishman and husband of Elizabeth II (born 1921)

From this reading Philip called the miserable monarch to account for the death of Arthur, and, as a result, John lost his French possessions.

Plantagenetnoun

the family name of a line of English kings that reigned from 1154 to 1485

From this reading Hence the weak and wicked son of Henry Plantagenet, since called Lackland, ceased to be a tax-payer in France, and proved to a curious world that a court fool in his household was superfluous.

pontiffnounUS /ˈpɑːntəf/

the head of the Roman Catholic Church

From this reading John now became mixed up in a fracas with the Roman pontiff, who would have been justified in giving him a Roman punch.

possessionsnounUS /pəˈzeʃənz/

plural of “possession” — the act of having and controlling property

From this reading Philip called the miserable monarch to account for the death of Arthur, and, as a result, John lost his French possessions.

PREJUDICEnounUS /ˈpredʒədɪs/

a partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation

From this reading MAGNA CHARTA INTRODUCED: SLIGHT DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTERED IN OVERCOMING AN UNPOPULAR AND UNREASONABLE PREJUDICE.

provedadjectiveUS /pruːvd/

established beyond doubt

From this reading Hence the weak and wicked son of Henry Plantagenet, since called Lackland, ceased to be a tax-payer in France, and proved to a curious world that a court fool in his household was superfluous.

punchverbUS /pʌntʃ/

deliver a quick blow to

From this reading John now became mixed up in a fracas with the Roman pontiff, who would have been justified in giving him a Roman punch.

resultnounUS /rɪˈzʌlt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading Philip called the miserable monarch to account for the death of Arthur, and, as a result, John lost his French possessions.

RomanadjectiveUS /ˈroʊmən/

relating to or characteristic of people of Rome

From this reading John now became mixed up in a fracas with the Roman pontiff, who would have been justified in giving him a Roman punch.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading Hence the weak and wicked son of Henry Plantagenet, since called Lackland, ceased to be a tax-payer in France, and proved to a curious world that a court fool in his household was superfluous.

SLIGHTnounUS /slaɪt/

a deliberate discourteous act (usually as an expression of anger or disapproval)

From this reading MAGNA CHARTA INTRODUCED: SLIGHT DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTERED IN OVERCOMING AN UNPOPULAR AND UNREASONABLE PREJUDICE.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading Hence the weak and wicked son of Henry Plantagenet, since called Lackland, ceased to be a tax-payer in France, and proved to a curious world that a court fool in his household was superfluous.

superfluousadjectiveUS /ˈsuːpərflwʌs/

serving no useful purpose; having no excuse for being

From this reading Hence the weak and wicked son of Henry Plantagenet, since called Lackland, ceased to be a tax-payer in France, and proved to a curious world that a court fool in his household was superfluous.

tax-payer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hence the weak and wicked son of Henry Plantagenet, since called Lackland, ceased to be a tax-payer in France, and proved to a curious world that a court fool in his household was superfluous.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Hence the weak and wicked son of Henry Plantagenet, since called Lackland, ceased to be a tax-payer in France, and proved to a curious world that a court fool in his household was superfluous.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Philip called the miserable monarch to account for the death of Arthur, and, as a result, John lost his French possessions.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Philip called the miserable monarch to account for the death of Arthur, and, as a result, John lost his French possessions.

UNPOPULARadjectiveUS /ˌʌnˈpɑːpjələr/

regarded with disfavor or lacking general approval

From this reading MAGNA CHARTA INTRODUCED: SLIGHT DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTERED IN OVERCOMING AN UNPOPULAR AND UNREASONABLE PREJUDICE.

UNREASONABLEadjectiveUS /ənˈriːznəbəl/

not reasonable; not showing good judgment

From this reading MAGNA CHARTA INTRODUCED: SLIGHT DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTERED IN OVERCOMING AN UNPOPULAR AND UNREASONABLE PREJUDICE.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading John now became mixed up in a fracas with the Roman pontiff, who would have been justified in giving him a Roman punch.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Hence the weak and wicked son of Henry Plantagenet, since called Lackland, ceased to be a tax-payer in France, and proved to a curious world that a court fool in his household was superfluous.

weakadjectiveUS /wiːk/

wanting in physical strength

From this reading Hence the weak and wicked son of Henry Plantagenet, since called Lackland, ceased to be a tax-payer in France, and proved to a curious world that a court fool in his household was superfluous.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading John now became mixed up in a fracas with the Roman pontiff, who would have been justified in giving him a Roman punch.

WhynounUS /waɪ/

the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”

From this reading Why he did not, no Roman knows.

wickedadjectiveUS /ˈwɪkəd/

morally bad in principle or practice

From this reading Hence the weak and wicked son of Henry Plantagenet, since called Lackland, ceased to be a tax-payer in France, and proved to a curious world that a court fool in his household was superfluous.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading John now became mixed up in a fracas with the Roman pontiff, who would have been justified in giving him a Roman punch.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading Hence the weak and wicked son of Henry Plantagenet, since called Lackland, ceased to be a tax-payer in France, and proved to a curious world that a court fool in his household was superfluous.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading John now became mixed up in a fracas with the Roman pontiff, who would have been justified in giving him a Roman punch.

Chapter 12 of Comic History of England by Bill Nye holds 52 sentences, grouped into 11 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of Comic History of England contain?

Chapter 12 holds 52 sentences of Comic History of England, unabridged, divided into 11 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of Comic History of England by Bill Nye exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 52 sentences, grouped into 11 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of Comic History of England?

Work through the 11 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 11 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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