Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Comic History of England
Comic History of England

Chapter XVI · Chapter 16

Chapter 16 of Comic History of England is here in full — 57 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Comic History of England
Context Illustration Reading 1/11 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
UNPLEASANT CAPRICES OF ROYALTY: INTRODUCTION OF PRINTING AS A SUBSIDIARY AID IN THE PROGRESS OF EMANCIPATION.
Henry VI. left no royal record worth remembering save the establishment of Eton and King's Colleges.
Edward IV., who began his reign in 1461, was bold and active.
Queen Margaret's army of sixty thousand men which attacked him was defeated and half her forces slaughtered, no quarter being given.
His title was now confirmed, and Margaret fled to Scotland.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Comic History of England

Chapter XVI · Chapter 16

Chapter 16 of Comic History of England is here in full — 57 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/11 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
UNPLEASANT CAPRICES OF ROYALTY: INTRODUCTION OF PRINTING AS A SUBSIDIARY AID IN THE PROGRESS OF EMANCIPATION.
/ənˈplezənt kəˈpriːsəz ʌv ˈrɔɪəlti ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃən ʌv ˈprɪntɪŋ æz ə səbˈsɪdieri eɪd ɪn ðə ˈprɑːɡres ʌv ɪˌmænsəˈpeɪʃən/
Line 2
Henry VI. left no royal record worth remembering save the establishment of Eton and King's Colleges.
Line 3
Edward IV., who began his reign in 1461, was bold and active.
Line 4
Queen Margaret's army of sixty thousand men which attacked him was defeated and half her forces slaughtered, no quarter being given.
Line 5
His title was now confirmed, and Margaret fled to Scotland.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

caprices noun US /kəˈpriːsəz/

plural of “caprice” — a sudden desire

From this reading “UNPLEASANT CAPRICES OF ROYALTY: INTRODUCTION OF PRINTING AS A SUBSIDIARY AID IN THE PROGRESS OF EMANCIPATION.”

Colleges noun US /ˈkɑːlɪdʒɪz/

plural of “college” — the body of faculty and students of a college

From this reading “Henry VI. left no royal record worth remembering save the establishment of Eton and King's Colleges.”

defeated adjective US /dɪˈfiːtəd/

beaten or overcome; not victorious

From this reading “Queen Margaret's army of sixty thousand men which attacked him was defeated and half her forces slaughtered, no quarter being given.”

emancipation noun US /ɪˌmænsəˈpeɪʃən/

freeing someone from the control of another; especially a parent's relinquishing authority and control over a minor child

From this reading “UNPLEASANT CAPRICES OF ROYALTY: INTRODUCTION OF PRINTING AS A SUBSIDIARY AID IN THE PROGRESS OF EMANCIPATION.”

printing noun US /ˈprɪntɪŋ/

text handwritten in the style of printed matter

From this reading “UNPLEASANT CAPRICES OF ROYALTY: INTRODUCTION OF PRINTING AS A SUBSIDIARY AID IN THE PROGRESS OF EMANCIPATION.”

royalty noun US /ˈrɔɪəlti/

payment to the holder of a patent or copyright or resource for the right to use their property

From this reading “UNPLEASANT CAPRICES OF ROYALTY: INTRODUCTION OF PRINTING AS A SUBSIDIARY AID IN THE PROGRESS OF EMANCIPATION.”

slaughtered verb US /ˈslɔːtərd/

past form of “slaughter” — kill (animals) usually for food consumption

From this reading “Queen Margaret's army of sixty thousand men which attacked him was defeated and half her forces slaughtered, no quarter being given.”

subsidiary noun US /səbˈsɪdieri/

an assistant subject to the authority or control of another

From this reading “UNPLEASANT CAPRICES OF ROYALTY: INTRODUCTION OF PRINTING AS A SUBSIDIARY AID IN THE PROGRESS OF EMANCIPATION.”

All words in this reading · 62

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1461

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Edward IV., who began his reign in 1461, was bold and active.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading UNPLEASANT CAPRICES OF ROYALTY: INTRODUCTION OF PRINTING AS A SUBSIDIARY AID IN THE PROGRESS OF EMANCIPATION.

activeadjectiveUS /ˈæktɪv/

tending to become more severe or wider in scope

From this reading Edward IV., who began his reign in 1461, was bold and active.

AIDnounUS /eɪd/

a person or thing that is a resource that helps make something easier or possible to do

From this reading UNPLEASANT CAPRICES OF ROYALTY: INTRODUCTION OF PRINTING AS A SUBSIDIARY AID IN THE PROGRESS OF EMANCIPATION.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Henry VI. left no royal record worth remembering save the establishment of Eton and King's Colleges.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading Queen Margaret's army of sixty thousand men which attacked him was defeated and half her forces slaughtered, no quarter being given.

ASconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading UNPLEASANT CAPRICES OF ROYALTY: INTRODUCTION OF PRINTING AS A SUBSIDIARY AID IN THE PROGRESS OF EMANCIPATION.

attackedverbUS /əˈtækt/

past form of “attack” — launch an attack or assault on; begin hostilities or start warfare with

From this reading Queen Margaret's army of sixty thousand men which attacked him was defeated and half her forces slaughtered, no quarter being given.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Edward IV., who began his reign in 1461, was bold and active.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Queen Margaret's army of sixty thousand men which attacked him was defeated and half her forces slaughtered, no quarter being given.

boldadjectiveUS /boʊld/

fearless and daring

From this reading Edward IV., who began his reign in 1461, was bold and active.

CAPRICESnounUS /kəˈpriːsəz/

plural of “caprice” — a sudden desire

From this reading UNPLEASANT CAPRICES OF ROYALTY: INTRODUCTION OF PRINTING AS A SUBSIDIARY AID IN THE PROGRESS OF EMANCIPATION.

CollegesnounUS /ˈkɑːlɪdʒɪz/

plural of “college” — the body of faculty and students of a college

From this reading Henry VI. left no royal record worth remembering save the establishment of Eton and King's Colleges.

confirmedadjectiveUS /kənˈfɜːrmd/

of persons; not subject to change

From this reading His title was now confirmed, and Margaret fled to Scotland.

defeatedadjectiveUS /dɪˈfiːtəd/

beaten or overcome; not victorious

From this reading Queen Margaret's army of sixty thousand men which attacked him was defeated and half her forces slaughtered, no quarter being given.

EdwardnounUS /ˈedwərd/

King of England and Ireland in 1936; his marriage to Wallis Warfield Simpson created a constitutional crisis leading to his abdication (1894-1972)

From this reading Edward IV., who began his reign in 1461, was bold and active.

EMANCIPATIONnounUS /ɪˌmænsəˈpeɪʃən/

freeing someone from the control of another; especially a parent's relinquishing authority and control over a minor child

From this reading UNPLEASANT CAPRICES OF ROYALTY: INTRODUCTION OF PRINTING AS A SUBSIDIARY AID IN THE PROGRESS OF EMANCIPATION.

establishmentnounUS /ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt/

the act of forming or establishing something

From this reading Henry VI. left no royal record worth remembering save the establishment of Eton and King's Colleges.

Eton

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Henry VI. left no royal record worth remembering save the establishment of Eton and King's Colleges.

fledverbUS /fled/

inflected form of “flee” — run away quickly

From this reading His title was now confirmed, and Margaret fled to Scotland.

forcesnounUS /ˈfɔːrsɪz/

plural of “force” — a powerful effect or influence

From this reading Queen Margaret's army of sixty thousand men which attacked him was defeated and half her forces slaughtered, no quarter being given.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading Queen Margaret's army of sixty thousand men which attacked him was defeated and half her forces slaughtered, no quarter being given.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading Queen Margaret's army of sixty thousand men which attacked him was defeated and half her forces slaughtered, no quarter being given.

HenrynounUS /ˈhenri/

a unit of inductance in which an induced electromotive force of one volt is produced when the current is varied at the rate of one ampere per second

From this reading Henry VI. left no royal record worth remembering save the establishment of Eton and King's Colleges.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Queen Margaret's army of sixty thousand men which attacked him was defeated and half her forces slaughtered, no quarter being given.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Queen Margaret's army of sixty thousand men which attacked him was defeated and half her forces slaughtered, no quarter being given.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Edward IV., who began his reign in 1461, was bold and active.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading UNPLEASANT CAPRICES OF ROYALTY: INTRODUCTION OF PRINTING AS A SUBSIDIARY AID IN THE PROGRESS OF EMANCIPATION.

INTRODUCTIONnounUS /ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃən/

the act of beginning something new

From this reading UNPLEASANT CAPRICES OF ROYALTY: INTRODUCTION OF PRINTING AS A SUBSIDIARY AID IN THE PROGRESS OF EMANCIPATION.

IVnoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading Edward IV., who began his reign in 1461, was bold and active.

King'snounUS /kɪŋz/

possessive form of “king” — a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading Henry VI. left no royal record worth remembering save the establishment of Eton and King's Colleges.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading Henry VI. left no royal record worth remembering save the establishment of Eton and King's Colleges.

Margaret

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His title was now confirmed, and Margaret fled to Scotland.

Margaret's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Queen Margaret's army of sixty thousand men which attacked him was defeated and half her forces slaughtered, no quarter being given.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Queen Margaret's army of sixty thousand men which attacked him was defeated and half her forces slaughtered, no quarter being given.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Henry VI. left no royal record worth remembering save the establishment of Eton and King's Colleges.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading His title was now confirmed, and Margaret fled to Scotland.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading UNPLEASANT CAPRICES OF ROYALTY: INTRODUCTION OF PRINTING AS A SUBSIDIARY AID IN THE PROGRESS OF EMANCIPATION.

PRINTINGnounUS /ˈprɪntɪŋ/

text handwritten in the style of printed matter

From this reading UNPLEASANT CAPRICES OF ROYALTY: INTRODUCTION OF PRINTING AS A SUBSIDIARY AID IN THE PROGRESS OF EMANCIPATION.

PROGRESSnounUS /ˈprɑːɡres/

gradual improvement or growth or development

From this reading UNPLEASANT CAPRICES OF ROYALTY: INTRODUCTION OF PRINTING AS A SUBSIDIARY AID IN THE PROGRESS OF EMANCIPATION.

quarternounUS /ˈkwɔːrtər/

one of four equal parts

From this reading Queen Margaret's army of sixty thousand men which attacked him was defeated and half her forces slaughtered, no quarter being given.

QueennounUS /kwiːn/

the only fertile female in a colony of social insects such as bees and ants and termites; its function is to lay eggs

From this reading Queen Margaret's army of sixty thousand men which attacked him was defeated and half her forces slaughtered, no quarter being given.

recordnounUS /rəˈkɔːrd/

anything (such as a document or a phonograph record or a photograph) providing permanent evidence of or information about past events

From this reading Henry VI. left no royal record worth remembering save the establishment of Eton and King's Colleges.

reignverbUS /reɪn/

have sovereign power

From this reading Edward IV., who began his reign in 1461, was bold and active.

rememberingnounUS /rɪˈmembərɪŋ/

the cognitive processes whereby past experience is remembered

From this reading Henry VI. left no royal record worth remembering save the establishment of Eton and King's Colleges.

royaladjectiveUS /ˈrɔɪəl/

of or relating to or indicative of or issued or performed by a king or queen or other monarch

From this reading Henry VI. left no royal record worth remembering save the establishment of Eton and King's Colleges.

ROYALTYnounUS /ˈrɔɪəlti/

payment to the holder of a patent or copyright or resource for the right to use their property

From this reading UNPLEASANT CAPRICES OF ROYALTY: INTRODUCTION OF PRINTING AS A SUBSIDIARY AID IN THE PROGRESS OF EMANCIPATION.

saveprepositionUS /seɪv/

except for; apart from

From this reading Henry VI. left no royal record worth remembering save the establishment of Eton and King's Colleges.

ScotlandnounUS /ˈskɑːtlənd/

one of the four countries that make up the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; located on the northern part of the island of Great Britain; famous for bagpipes and plaids and kilts

From this reading His title was now confirmed, and Margaret fled to Scotland.

sixtyadjectiveUS /ˈsɪksti/

being ten more than fifty

From this reading Queen Margaret's army of sixty thousand men which attacked him was defeated and half her forces slaughtered, no quarter being given.

slaughteredverbUS /ˈslɔːtərd/

past form of “slaughter” — kill (animals) usually for food consumption

From this reading Queen Margaret's army of sixty thousand men which attacked him was defeated and half her forces slaughtered, no quarter being given.

SUBSIDIARYnounUS /səbˈsɪdieri/

an assistant subject to the authority or control of another

From this reading UNPLEASANT CAPRICES OF ROYALTY: INTRODUCTION OF PRINTING AS A SUBSIDIARY AID IN THE PROGRESS OF EMANCIPATION.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading UNPLEASANT CAPRICES OF ROYALTY: INTRODUCTION OF PRINTING AS A SUBSIDIARY AID IN THE PROGRESS OF EMANCIPATION.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading Queen Margaret's army of sixty thousand men which attacked him was defeated and half her forces slaughtered, no quarter being given.

titlenounUS /ˈtaɪtəl/

a heading that names a statute or legislative bill; may give a brief summary of the matters it deals with

From this reading His title was now confirmed, and Margaret fled to Scotland.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading His title was now confirmed, and Margaret fled to Scotland.

UNPLEASANTadjectiveUS /ənˈplezənt/

offensive or disagreeable; causing discomfort or unhappiness

From this reading UNPLEASANT CAPRICES OF ROYALTY: INTRODUCTION OF PRINTING AS A SUBSIDIARY AID IN THE PROGRESS OF EMANCIPATION.

VInounUS /vaɪ/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading Henry VI. left no royal record worth remembering save the establishment of Eton and King's Colleges.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Edward IV., who began his reign in 1461, was bold and active.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Queen Margaret's army of sixty thousand men which attacked him was defeated and half her forces slaughtered, no quarter being given.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Edward IV., who began his reign in 1461, was bold and active.

worthnounUS /wɜːrθ/

an indefinite quantity of something having a specified value

From this reading Henry VI. left no royal record worth remembering save the establishment of Eton and King's Colleges.

Chapter 16 of Comic History of England by Bill Nye holds 57 sentences, grouped into 12 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 16 of Comic History of England contain?

Chapter 16 holds 57 sentences of Comic History of England, unabridged, divided into 12 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 16 of Comic History of England by Bill Nye exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 57 sentences, grouped into 12 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 16 of Comic History of England?

Work through the 12 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 12 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 16 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 16 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Comic History of England

Common questions about reading Comic History of England by Bill Nye on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Comic History of England?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Comic History of England is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Comic History of England take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Comic History of England section by section

How to work through Comic History of England section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 0 chapters of Comic History of England to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Comic History of England

Words and structures a reader meets early in Comic History of England, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of Comic History of England, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of Comic History of England, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of Comic History of England, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.