Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Comic History of England
Comic History of England

Chapter XVIII · Chapter 18

Chapter 18 of Comic History of England is here in full — 67 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Comic History of England
Context Illustration Reading 1/13 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
DISORDER STILL THE POPULAR FAD: GENERAL ADMIXTURE OF PRETENDERS, RELIGION, POLITICS, AND DISGRUNTLED MONARCHS.
As a result of the Bosworth victory, Henry Tudor obtained the use of the throne from 1485 to 1509.
He saw at once by means of an eagle eye that with the house of York so popular among his people, nothing but a firm hand and eternal vigilance could maintain his sovereignty.
He kept the young Earl of Warwick, son of the Duke of Clarence, carefully indoors with massive iron gewgaws attached to his legs, thus teaching him to be backward about mingling in the false joys of society.
Henry Tudor is known to history as Henry VII., and caused some adverse criticism by delaying his nuptials with the Princess Elizabeth, daughter of Edward IV.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Comic History of England

Chapter XVIII · Chapter 18

Chapter 18 of Comic History of England is here in full — 67 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/13 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
DISORDER STILL THE POPULAR FAD: GENERAL ADMIXTURE OF PRETENDERS, RELIGION, POLITICS, AND DISGRUNTLED MONARCHS.
Line 2
As a result of the Bosworth victory, Henry Tudor obtained the use of the throne from 1485 to 1509.
Line 3
He saw at once by means of an eagle eye that with the house of York so popular among his people, nothing but a firm hand and eternal vigilance could maintain his sovereignty.
/hiː sɔː æt wʌns baɪ miːnz ʌv æn ˈiːɡəl aɪ ðæt wɪð ðə haʊs ʌv jɔːrk soʊ ˈpɑːpjələr əˈmʌŋ hɪz ˈpiːpəl ˈnʌθɪŋ bʌt ə fɜːrm hænd ənd ɪˈtɜːrnəl ˈvɪdʒələns kʊd meɪnˈteɪn hɪz ˈsɑːvrənti/
Line 4
He kept the young Earl of Warwick, son of the Duke of Clarence, carefully indoors with massive iron gewgaws attached to his legs, thus teaching him to be backward about mingling in the false joys of society.
Line 5
Henry Tudor is known to history as Henry VII., and caused some adverse criticism by delaying his nuptials with the Princess Elizabeth, daughter of Edward IV.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

delaying verb US /dɪˈleɪɪŋ/

-ing form of “delay” — cause to be slowed down or delayed

From this reading “Henry Tudor is known to history as Henry VII., and caused some adverse criticism by delaying his nuptials with the Princess Elizabeth, daughter of Edward IV.”

disgruntled adjective US /dɪsˈɡrʌntəld/

in a state of sulky dissatisfaction

From this reading “DISORDER STILL THE POPULAR FAD: GENERAL ADMIXTURE OF PRETENDERS, RELIGION, POLITICS, AND DISGRUNTLED MONARCHS.”

fad noun US /fæd/

an interest followed with exaggerated zeal

From this reading “DISORDER STILL THE POPULAR FAD: GENERAL ADMIXTURE OF PRETENDERS, RELIGION, POLITICS, AND DISGRUNTLED MONARCHS.”

monarchs noun US /ˈmɑːnɑːrks/

plural of “monarch” — a nation's ruler or head of state usually by hereditary right

From this reading “DISORDER STILL THE POPULAR FAD: GENERAL ADMIXTURE OF PRETENDERS, RELIGION, POLITICS, AND DISGRUNTLED MONARCHS.”

nuptials noun US /ˈnʌptʃəlz/

the social event at which the ceremony of marriage is performed

From this reading “Henry Tudor is known to history as Henry VII., and caused some adverse criticism by delaying his nuptials with the Princess Elizabeth, daughter of Edward IV.”

pretenders noun US /priˈtendərz/

plural of “pretender” — a claimant to the throne or to the office of ruler (usually without just title)

From this reading “DISORDER STILL THE POPULAR FAD: GENERAL ADMIXTURE OF PRETENDERS, RELIGION, POLITICS, AND DISGRUNTLED MONARCHS.”

sovereignty noun US /ˈsɑːvrənti/

government free from external control

From this reading “He saw at once by means of an eagle eye that with the house of York so popular among his people, nothing but a firm hand and eternal vigilance could maintain his sovereignty.”

Tudor noun US /ˈtuːdər/

an English dynasty descended from Henry Tudor; Tudor monarchs ruled from Henry VII to Elizabeth I (from 1485 to 1603)

From this reading “As a result of the Bosworth victory, Henry Tudor obtained the use of the throne from 1485 to 1509.”

All words in this reading · 94

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1485

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As a result of the Bosworth victory, Henry Tudor obtained the use of the throne from 1485 to 1509.

1509

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As a result of the Bosworth victory, Henry Tudor obtained the use of the throne from 1485 to 1509.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading As a result of the Bosworth victory, Henry Tudor obtained the use of the throne from 1485 to 1509.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading He kept the young Earl of Warwick, son of the Duke of Clarence, carefully indoors with massive iron gewgaws attached to his legs, thus teaching him to be backward about mingling in the false joys of society.

ADMIXTUREnoun

the state of impairing the quality or reducing the value of something

From this reading DISORDER STILL THE POPULAR FAD: GENERAL ADMIXTURE OF PRETENDERS, RELIGION, POLITICS, AND DISGRUNTLED MONARCHS.

adverseadjectiveUS /ædˈvɜːrs/

contrary to your interests or welfare

From this reading Henry Tudor is known to history as Henry VII., and caused some adverse criticism by delaying his nuptials with the Princess Elizabeth, daughter of Edward IV.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading He saw at once by means of an eagle eye that with the house of York so popular among his people, nothing but a firm hand and eternal vigilance could maintain his sovereignty.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading He saw at once by means of an eagle eye that with the house of York so popular among his people, nothing but a firm hand and eternal vigilance could maintain his sovereignty.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading DISORDER STILL THE POPULAR FAD: GENERAL ADMIXTURE OF PRETENDERS, RELIGION, POLITICS, AND DISGRUNTLED MONARCHS.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As a result of the Bosworth victory, Henry Tudor obtained the use of the throne from 1485 to 1509.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading He saw at once by means of an eagle eye that with the house of York so popular among his people, nothing but a firm hand and eternal vigilance could maintain his sovereignty.

attachedadjectiveUS /əˈtætʃt/

being joined in close association

From this reading He kept the young Earl of Warwick, son of the Duke of Clarence, carefully indoors with massive iron gewgaws attached to his legs, thus teaching him to be backward about mingling in the false joys of society.

backwardadverbUS /ˈbækwərd/

at or to or toward the back or rear

From this reading He kept the young Earl of Warwick, son of the Duke of Clarence, carefully indoors with massive iron gewgaws attached to his legs, thus teaching him to be backward about mingling in the false joys of society.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading He kept the young Earl of Warwick, son of the Duke of Clarence, carefully indoors with massive iron gewgaws attached to his legs, thus teaching him to be backward about mingling in the false joys of society.

Bosworth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As a result of the Bosworth victory, Henry Tudor obtained the use of the throne from 1485 to 1509.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He saw at once by means of an eagle eye that with the house of York so popular among his people, nothing but a firm hand and eternal vigilance could maintain his sovereignty.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading He saw at once by means of an eagle eye that with the house of York so popular among his people, nothing but a firm hand and eternal vigilance could maintain his sovereignty.

carefullyadverbUS /ˈkerfəli/

taking care or paying attention

From this reading He kept the young Earl of Warwick, son of the Duke of Clarence, carefully indoors with massive iron gewgaws attached to his legs, thus teaching him to be backward about mingling in the false joys of society.

causedverbUS /kɑːzd/

past form of “cause” — give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally

From this reading Henry Tudor is known to history as Henry VII., and caused some adverse criticism by delaying his nuptials with the Princess Elizabeth, daughter of Edward IV.

ClarencenounUS /ˈklerəns/

a closed carriage with four wheels and seats for four passengers

From this reading He kept the young Earl of Warwick, son of the Duke of Clarence, carefully indoors with massive iron gewgaws attached to his legs, thus teaching him to be backward about mingling in the false joys of society.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading He saw at once by means of an eagle eye that with the house of York so popular among his people, nothing but a firm hand and eternal vigilance could maintain his sovereignty.

criticismnounUS /ˈkrɪtɪsɪzəm/

disapproval expressed by pointing out faults or shortcomings

From this reading Henry Tudor is known to history as Henry VII., and caused some adverse criticism by delaying his nuptials with the Princess Elizabeth, daughter of Edward IV.

daughternounUS /ˈdɔːtər/

a female human offspring

From this reading Henry Tudor is known to history as Henry VII., and caused some adverse criticism by delaying his nuptials with the Princess Elizabeth, daughter of Edward IV.

delayingverbUS /dɪˈleɪɪŋ/

-ing form of “delay” — cause to be slowed down or delayed

From this reading Henry Tudor is known to history as Henry VII., and caused some adverse criticism by delaying his nuptials with the Princess Elizabeth, daughter of Edward IV.

DISGRUNTLEDadjectiveUS /dɪsˈɡrʌntəld/

in a state of sulky dissatisfaction

From this reading DISORDER STILL THE POPULAR FAD: GENERAL ADMIXTURE OF PRETENDERS, RELIGION, POLITICS, AND DISGRUNTLED MONARCHS.

DISORDERnounUS /dɪˈsɔːrdər/

a physical condition in which there is a disturbance of normal functioning

From this reading DISORDER STILL THE POPULAR FAD: GENERAL ADMIXTURE OF PRETENDERS, RELIGION, POLITICS, AND DISGRUNTLED MONARCHS.

DukenounUS /duːk/

a British peer of the highest rank

From this reading He kept the young Earl of Warwick, son of the Duke of Clarence, carefully indoors with massive iron gewgaws attached to his legs, thus teaching him to be backward about mingling in the false joys of society.

eaglenounUS /ˈiːɡəl/

any of various large keen-sighted diurnal birds of prey noted for their broad wings and strong soaring flight

From this reading He saw at once by means of an eagle eye that with the house of York so popular among his people, nothing but a firm hand and eternal vigilance could maintain his sovereignty.

EarlnounUS /ɜːrl/

a British peer ranking below a marquess and above a viscount

From this reading He kept the young Earl of Warwick, son of the Duke of Clarence, carefully indoors with massive iron gewgaws attached to his legs, thus teaching him to be backward about mingling in the false joys of society.

EdwardnounUS /ˈedwərd/

King of England and Ireland in 1936; his marriage to Wallis Warfield Simpson created a constitutional crisis leading to his abdication (1894-1972)

From this reading Henry Tudor is known to history as Henry VII., and caused some adverse criticism by delaying his nuptials with the Princess Elizabeth, daughter of Edward IV.

ElizabethnounUS /ɪˈlɪzəbəθ/

daughter of George VI who became the Queen of England and Northern Ireland in 1952 on the death of her father (1926-)

From this reading Henry Tudor is known to history as Henry VII., and caused some adverse criticism by delaying his nuptials with the Princess Elizabeth, daughter of Edward IV.

eternaladjectiveUS /ɪˈtɜːrnəl/

continuing forever or indefinitely

From this reading He saw at once by means of an eagle eye that with the house of York so popular among his people, nothing but a firm hand and eternal vigilance could maintain his sovereignty.

eyenounUS /aɪ/

the organ of sight

From this reading He saw at once by means of an eagle eye that with the house of York so popular among his people, nothing but a firm hand and eternal vigilance could maintain his sovereignty.

FADnounUS /fæd/

an interest followed with exaggerated zeal

From this reading DISORDER STILL THE POPULAR FAD: GENERAL ADMIXTURE OF PRETENDERS, RELIGION, POLITICS, AND DISGRUNTLED MONARCHS.

falseadjectiveUS /fɔːls/

not in accordance with the fact or reality or actuality

From this reading He kept the young Earl of Warwick, son of the Duke of Clarence, carefully indoors with massive iron gewgaws attached to his legs, thus teaching him to be backward about mingling in the false joys of society.

firmadjectiveUS /fɜːrm/

marked by firm determination or resolution; not shakable

From this reading He saw at once by means of an eagle eye that with the house of York so popular among his people, nothing but a firm hand and eternal vigilance could maintain his sovereignty.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading As a result of the Bosworth victory, Henry Tudor obtained the use of the throne from 1485 to 1509.

GENERALadjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading DISORDER STILL THE POPULAR FAD: GENERAL ADMIXTURE OF PRETENDERS, RELIGION, POLITICS, AND DISGRUNTLED MONARCHS.

gewgaws

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He kept the young Earl of Warwick, son of the Duke of Clarence, carefully indoors with massive iron gewgaws attached to his legs, thus teaching him to be backward about mingling in the false joys of society.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading He saw at once by means of an eagle eye that with the house of York so popular among his people, nothing but a firm hand and eternal vigilance could maintain his sovereignty.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He saw at once by means of an eagle eye that with the house of York so popular among his people, nothing but a firm hand and eternal vigilance could maintain his sovereignty.

HenrynounUS /ˈhenri/

a unit of inductance in which an induced electromotive force of one volt is produced when the current is varied at the rate of one ampere per second

From this reading As a result of the Bosworth victory, Henry Tudor obtained the use of the throne from 1485 to 1509.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He kept the young Earl of Warwick, son of the Duke of Clarence, carefully indoors with massive iron gewgaws attached to his legs, thus teaching him to be backward about mingling in the false joys of society.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He saw at once by means of an eagle eye that with the house of York so popular among his people, nothing but a firm hand and eternal vigilance could maintain his sovereignty.

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading Henry Tudor is known to history as Henry VII., and caused some adverse criticism by delaying his nuptials with the Princess Elizabeth, daughter of Edward IV.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading He saw at once by means of an eagle eye that with the house of York so popular among his people, nothing but a firm hand and eternal vigilance could maintain his sovereignty.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He kept the young Earl of Warwick, son of the Duke of Clarence, carefully indoors with massive iron gewgaws attached to his legs, thus teaching him to be backward about mingling in the false joys of society.

indoorsadverbUS /ˈɪndɔːrz/

within a building

From this reading He kept the young Earl of Warwick, son of the Duke of Clarence, carefully indoors with massive iron gewgaws attached to his legs, thus teaching him to be backward about mingling in the false joys of society.

ironnounUS /ˈaɪərn/

a heavy ductile magnetic metallic element; is silver-white in pure form but readily rusts; used in construction and tools and armament; plays a role in the transport of oxygen by the blood

From this reading He kept the young Earl of Warwick, son of the Duke of Clarence, carefully indoors with massive iron gewgaws attached to his legs, thus teaching him to be backward about mingling in the false joys of society.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Henry Tudor is known to history as Henry VII., and caused some adverse criticism by delaying his nuptials with the Princess Elizabeth, daughter of Edward IV.

IVnoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading Henry Tudor is known to history as Henry VII., and caused some adverse criticism by delaying his nuptials with the Princess Elizabeth, daughter of Edward IV.

joysnounUS /dʒɔɪz/

plural of “joy” — the emotion of great happiness

From this reading He kept the young Earl of Warwick, son of the Duke of Clarence, carefully indoors with massive iron gewgaws attached to his legs, thus teaching him to be backward about mingling in the false joys of society.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading He kept the young Earl of Warwick, son of the Duke of Clarence, carefully indoors with massive iron gewgaws attached to his legs, thus teaching him to be backward about mingling in the false joys of society.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading Henry Tudor is known to history as Henry VII., and caused some adverse criticism by delaying his nuptials with the Princess Elizabeth, daughter of Edward IV.

legsnounUS /leɡz/

staying power

From this reading He kept the young Earl of Warwick, son of the Duke of Clarence, carefully indoors with massive iron gewgaws attached to his legs, thus teaching him to be backward about mingling in the false joys of society.

maintainverbUS /meɪnˈteɪn/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading He saw at once by means of an eagle eye that with the house of York so popular among his people, nothing but a firm hand and eternal vigilance could maintain his sovereignty.

massiveadjectiveUS /ˈmæsɪv/

imposing in size or bulk or solidity

From this reading He kept the young Earl of Warwick, son of the Duke of Clarence, carefully indoors with massive iron gewgaws attached to his legs, thus teaching him to be backward about mingling in the false joys of society.

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading He saw at once by means of an eagle eye that with the house of York so popular among his people, nothing but a firm hand and eternal vigilance could maintain his sovereignty.

minglingnounUS /ˈmɪŋɡəlɪŋ/

the action of people mingling and coming into contact

From this reading He kept the young Earl of Warwick, son of the Duke of Clarence, carefully indoors with massive iron gewgaws attached to his legs, thus teaching him to be backward about mingling in the false joys of society.

MONARCHSnounUS /ˈmɑːnɑːrks/

plural of “monarch” — a nation's ruler or head of state usually by hereditary right

From this reading DISORDER STILL THE POPULAR FAD: GENERAL ADMIXTURE OF PRETENDERS, RELIGION, POLITICS, AND DISGRUNTLED MONARCHS.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading He saw at once by means of an eagle eye that with the house of York so popular among his people, nothing but a firm hand and eternal vigilance could maintain his sovereignty.

nuptialsnounUS /ˈnʌptʃəlz/

the social event at which the ceremony of marriage is performed

From this reading Henry Tudor is known to history as Henry VII., and caused some adverse criticism by delaying his nuptials with the Princess Elizabeth, daughter of Edward IV.

obtainedverbUS /əbˈteɪnd/

past form of “obtain” — come into possession of

From this reading As a result of the Bosworth victory, Henry Tudor obtained the use of the throne from 1485 to 1509.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading DISORDER STILL THE POPULAR FAD: GENERAL ADMIXTURE OF PRETENDERS, RELIGION, POLITICS, AND DISGRUNTLED MONARCHS.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading He saw at once by means of an eagle eye that with the house of York so popular among his people, nothing but a firm hand and eternal vigilance could maintain his sovereignty.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading He saw at once by means of an eagle eye that with the house of York so popular among his people, nothing but a firm hand and eternal vigilance could maintain his sovereignty.

POLITICSnounUS /ˈpɑːlətɪks/

social relations involving intrigue to gain authority or power

From this reading DISORDER STILL THE POPULAR FAD: GENERAL ADMIXTURE OF PRETENDERS, RELIGION, POLITICS, AND DISGRUNTLED MONARCHS.

POPULARadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːpjələr/

regarded with great favor, approval, or affection especially by the general public

From this reading DISORDER STILL THE POPULAR FAD: GENERAL ADMIXTURE OF PRETENDERS, RELIGION, POLITICS, AND DISGRUNTLED MONARCHS.

PRETENDERSnounUS /priˈtendərz/

plural of “pretender” — a claimant to the throne or to the office of ruler (usually without just title)

From this reading DISORDER STILL THE POPULAR FAD: GENERAL ADMIXTURE OF PRETENDERS, RELIGION, POLITICS, AND DISGRUNTLED MONARCHS.

PrincessnounUS /ˈprɪn.ses/

The daughter of a monarch; a female member of a royal family.

From this reading Henry Tudor is known to history as Henry VII., and caused some adverse criticism by delaying his nuptials with the Princess Elizabeth, daughter of Edward IV.

RELIGIONnounUS /rɪˈlɪdʒən/

a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny

From this reading DISORDER STILL THE POPULAR FAD: GENERAL ADMIXTURE OF PRETENDERS, RELIGION, POLITICS, AND DISGRUNTLED MONARCHS.

resultnounUS /rɪˈzʌlt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading As a result of the Bosworth victory, Henry Tudor obtained the use of the throne from 1485 to 1509.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading He saw at once by means of an eagle eye that with the house of York so popular among his people, nothing but a firm hand and eternal vigilance could maintain his sovereignty.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading He saw at once by means of an eagle eye that with the house of York so popular among his people, nothing but a firm hand and eternal vigilance could maintain his sovereignty.

societynounUS /səˈsaɪəti/

an extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic organization

From this reading He kept the young Earl of Warwick, son of the Duke of Clarence, carefully indoors with massive iron gewgaws attached to his legs, thus teaching him to be backward about mingling in the false joys of society.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Henry Tudor is known to history as Henry VII., and caused some adverse criticism by delaying his nuptials with the Princess Elizabeth, daughter of Edward IV.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading He kept the young Earl of Warwick, son of the Duke of Clarence, carefully indoors with massive iron gewgaws attached to his legs, thus teaching him to be backward about mingling in the false joys of society.

sovereigntynounUS /ˈsɑːvrənti/

government free from external control

From this reading He saw at once by means of an eagle eye that with the house of York so popular among his people, nothing but a firm hand and eternal vigilance could maintain his sovereignty.

STILLadjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading DISORDER STILL THE POPULAR FAD: GENERAL ADMIXTURE OF PRETENDERS, RELIGION, POLITICS, AND DISGRUNTLED MONARCHS.

teachingnounUS /ˈtiːtʃɪŋ/

the profession of a teacher

From this reading He kept the young Earl of Warwick, son of the Duke of Clarence, carefully indoors with massive iron gewgaws attached to his legs, thus teaching him to be backward about mingling in the false joys of society.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He saw at once by means of an eagle eye that with the house of York so popular among his people, nothing but a firm hand and eternal vigilance could maintain his sovereignty.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading DISORDER STILL THE POPULAR FAD: GENERAL ADMIXTURE OF PRETENDERS, RELIGION, POLITICS, AND DISGRUNTLED MONARCHS.

thronenounUS /θroʊn/

the chair of state for a monarch, bishop, etc.

From this reading As a result of the Bosworth victory, Henry Tudor obtained the use of the throne from 1485 to 1509.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading He kept the young Earl of Warwick, son of the Duke of Clarence, carefully indoors with massive iron gewgaws attached to his legs, thus teaching him to be backward about mingling in the false joys of society.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading As a result of the Bosworth victory, Henry Tudor obtained the use of the throne from 1485 to 1509.

TudornounUS /ˈtuːdər/

an English dynasty descended from Henry Tudor; Tudor monarchs ruled from Henry VII to Elizabeth I (from 1485 to 1603)

From this reading As a result of the Bosworth victory, Henry Tudor obtained the use of the throne from 1485 to 1509.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading As a result of the Bosworth victory, Henry Tudor obtained the use of the throne from 1485 to 1509.

victorynounUS /ˈvɪktəri/

a successful ending of a struggle or contest

From this reading As a result of the Bosworth victory, Henry Tudor obtained the use of the throne from 1485 to 1509.

vigilancenounUS /ˈvɪdʒələns/

the process of paying close and continuous attention

From this reading He saw at once by means of an eagle eye that with the house of York so popular among his people, nothing but a firm hand and eternal vigilance could maintain his sovereignty.

VIInoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of six and one

From this reading Henry Tudor is known to history as Henry VII., and caused some adverse criticism by delaying his nuptials with the Princess Elizabeth, daughter of Edward IV.

WarwicknounUS /ˈwɔːrwɪk/

English statesman; during the War of the Roses he fought first for the house of York and secured the throne for Edward IV and then changed sides to fight for the house of Lancaster and secured the throne for Henry VI (1428-1471)

From this reading He kept the young Earl of Warwick, son of the Duke of Clarence, carefully indoors with massive iron gewgaws attached to his legs, thus teaching him to be backward about mingling in the false joys of society.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He saw at once by means of an eagle eye that with the house of York so popular among his people, nothing but a firm hand and eternal vigilance could maintain his sovereignty.

YorknounUS /jɔːrk/

the English royal house (a branch of the Plantagenet line) that reigned from 1461 to 1485; its emblem was a white rose

From this reading He saw at once by means of an eagle eye that with the house of York so popular among his people, nothing but a firm hand and eternal vigilance could maintain his sovereignty.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading He kept the young Earl of Warwick, son of the Duke of Clarence, carefully indoors with massive iron gewgaws attached to his legs, thus teaching him to be backward about mingling in the false joys of society.

Chapter 18 of Comic History of England by Bill Nye holds 67 sentences, grouped into 14 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 18 of Comic History of England contain?

Chapter 18 holds 67 sentences of Comic History of England, unabridged, divided into 14 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 18 of Comic History of England by Bill Nye exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 67 sentences, grouped into 14 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 18 of Comic History of England?

Work through the 14 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 14 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 18 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 18 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Comic History of England

Common questions about reading Comic History of England by Bill Nye on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Comic History of England?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Comic History of England is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Comic History of England take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Comic History of England section by section

How to work through Comic History of England section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 0 chapters of Comic History of England to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Comic History of England

Words and structures a reader meets early in Comic History of England, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of Comic History of England, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of Comic History of England, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of Comic History of England, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.