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Common Cause: A Novel of the War in America
Common Cause: A Novel of the War in America

Chapter XVI

Chapter 16 of Common Cause: A Novel of the War in America is here in full — 345 sentences across 69 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Common Cause: A Novel of the War in America
Context Illustration Reading 1/69 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.
No question but that The Guardian was a much livelier, newsier, more influential, and better paper.
No question but that the public appreciated this.
The increased and steadily increasing circulation bore proof.
With reluctance the local advertisers also accepted the fact.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Common Cause: A Novel of the War in America

Chapter XVI

Chapter 16 of Common Cause: A Novel of the War in America is here in full — 345 sentences across 69 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/69 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.
/ðæt fəˈnɑːmənɑːn ʌv fəˈnæns wɪtʃ hæz ˈreləɡeɪtɪd ˈmeni ə ˈbɪznəs mæn tuː ə peɪnd ənd bɪˈwɪldərd riˈtaɪərmənt ˌɪnˈkriːs ʌv rɪˈsiːts əˈtendɪd wɪð ə ˈperəlel ˈdefəsət hæd mɑːrkt ðə ˈɡɑːrdiənz fɜːrst jɪr ˈʌndər ðə nuː kənˈtroʊl/
Line 2
No question but that The Guardian was a much livelier, newsier, more influential, and better paper.
Line 3
No question but that the public appreciated this.
/noʊ ˈkwestʃən bʌt ðæt ðə ˈpʌblɪk əˈpriːʃieɪtɪd ðɪs/
Line 4
The increased and steadily increasing circulation bore proof.
/ðə ˌɪnˈkriːst ənd ˈstedəli ˌɪnˈkriːsɪŋ ˈsɜːrkjəleɪʃən bɔːr pruːf/
Line 5
With reluctance the local advertisers also accepted the fact.
/wɪð rɪˈlʌktəns ðə ˈloʊkəl ˈædvərtaɪzərz ˈɔːlsoʊ ækˈseptɪd ðə fækt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

advertisers noun US /ˈædvərtaɪzərz/

plural of “advertiser” — someone whose business is advertising

From this reading “With reluctance the local advertisers also accepted the fact.”

deficit noun US /ˈdefəsət/

the property of being an amount by which something is less than expected or required

From this reading “THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.”

finance noun US /fəˈnæns/

the commercial activity of providing funds and capital

From this reading “THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.”

Guardian's noun US /ˈɡɑːrdiənz/

possessive form of “guardian” — a person who cares for persons or property

influential adjective US /ˌɪnfluːˈenʃəl/

having or exercising influence or power

From this reading “No question but that The Guardian was a much livelier, newsier, more influential, and better paper.”

livelier adjective US /ˈlaɪvliər/

comparative of “lively” — full of life and energy

From this reading “No question but that The Guardian was a much livelier, newsier, more influential, and better paper.”

receipts noun US /rɪˈsiːts/

the entire amount of income before any deductions are made

From this reading “THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.”

relegated verb US /ˈreləɡeɪtɪd/

past form of “relegate” — refer to another person for decision or judgment

From this reading “THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

steadily increasing adverb + adjective

In this reading “The increased and steadily increasing circulation bore proof.”

first year adjective + noun

In this reading “THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.”

business man noun + noun

In this reading “THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.”

All words in this reading · 58

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.

acceptedadjectiveUS /ækˈseptɪd/

generally approved or compelling recognition

From this reading With reluctance the local advertisers also accepted the fact.

advertisersnounUS /ˈædvərtaɪzərz/

plural of “advertiser” — someone whose business is advertising

From this reading With reluctance the local advertisers also accepted the fact.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading With reluctance the local advertisers also accepted the fact.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.

appreciatedadjectiveUS /əˈpriːʃieɪtɪd/

fully understood or grasped

From this reading No question but that the public appreciated this.

attendedadjectiveUS /əˈtendɪd/

playing or singing with instrumental or vocal accompaniment

From this reading THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading No question but that The Guardian was a much livelier, newsier, more influential, and better paper.

bewilderedadjectiveUS /bɪˈwɪldərd/

perplexed by many conflicting situations or statements; filled with bewilderment

From this reading THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.

boreverbUS /bɔːr/

cause to be bored

From this reading The increased and steadily increasing circulation bore proof.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading No question but that The Guardian was a much livelier, newsier, more influential, and better paper.

circulationnounUS /ˈsɜːrkjəleɪʃən/

the dissemination of copies of periodicals (as newspapers or magazines)

From this reading The increased and steadily increasing circulation bore proof.

controlnounUS /kənˈtroʊl/

power to direct or determine

From this reading THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.

deficitnounUS /ˈdefəsət/

the property of being an amount by which something is less than expected or required

From this reading THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading With reluctance the local advertisers also accepted the fact.

financenounUS /fəˈnæns/

the commercial activity of providing funds and capital

From this reading THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.

GuardiannounUS /ˈɡɑːrdiən/

a person who cares for persons or property

From this reading No question but that The Guardian was a much livelier, newsier, more influential, and better paper.

Guardian'snounUS /ˈɡɑːrdiənz/

possessive form of “guardian” — a person who cares for persons or property

From this reading THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.

increasenounUS /ˌɪnˈkriːs/

a quantity that is added

From this reading THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.

increasedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkriːst/

made greater in size or amount or degree

From this reading The increased and steadily increasing circulation bore proof.

increasingadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkriːsɪŋ/

becoming greater or larger

From this reading The increased and steadily increasing circulation bore proof.

influentialadjectiveUS /ˌɪnfluːˈenʃəl/

having or exercising influence or power

From this reading No question but that The Guardian was a much livelier, newsier, more influential, and better paper.

livelieradjectiveUS /ˈlaɪvliər/

comparative of “lively” — full of life and energy

From this reading No question but that The Guardian was a much livelier, newsier, more influential, and better paper.

localadjectiveUS /ˈloʊkəl/

relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area

From this reading With reluctance the local advertisers also accepted the fact.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.

markedadjectiveUS /mɑːrkt/

strongly marked; easily noticeable

From this reading THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading No question but that The Guardian was a much livelier, newsier, more influential, and better paper.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading No question but that The Guardian was a much livelier, newsier, more influential, and better paper.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.

newsier

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading No question but that The Guardian was a much livelier, newsier, more influential, and better paper.

NodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading No question but that The Guardian was a much livelier, newsier, more influential, and better paper.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.

painedadjectiveUS /peɪnd/

emotionally hurt or upset or annoyed

From this reading THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.

papernounUS /ˈpeɪpər/

a material made of cellulose pulp derived mainly from wood or rags or certain grasses

From this reading No question but that The Guardian was a much livelier, newsier, more influential, and better paper.

parallelnounUS /ˈperəlel/

something having the property of being analogous to something else

From this reading THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.

phenomenonnounUS /fəˈnɑːmənɑːn/

any state or process known through the senses rather than by intuition or reasoning

From this reading THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.

proofnounUS /pruːf/

any factual evidence that helps to establish the truth of something

From this reading The increased and steadily increasing circulation bore proof.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading No question but that the public appreciated this.

questionverbUS /ˈkwestʃən/

challenge the accuracy, probity, or propriety of

From this reading No question but that The Guardian was a much livelier, newsier, more influential, and better paper.

receiptsnounUS /rɪˈsiːts/

the entire amount of income before any deductions are made

From this reading THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.

relegatedverbUS /ˈreləɡeɪtɪd/

past form of “relegate” — refer to another person for decision or judgment

From this reading THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.

reluctancenounUS /rɪˈlʌktəns/

(physics) opposition to magnetic flux (analogous to electric resistance)

From this reading With reluctance the local advertisers also accepted the fact.

retirementnounUS /riˈtaɪərmənt/

the state of being retired from one's business or occupation

From this reading THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.

steadilyadverbUS /ˈstedəli/

at a steady rate or pace

From this reading The increased and steadily increasing circulation bore proof.

THATconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading No question but that the public appreciated this.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading No question but that The Guardian was a much livelier, newsier, more influential, and better paper.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading THAT phenomenon of finance which has relegated many a business man to a pained and bewildered retirement, increase of receipts attended with a parallel deficit, had marked The Guardian’s first year under the new control.

Chapter 16 of Common Cause: A Novel of the War in America by Samuel Hopkins Adams holds 345 sentences, grouped into 69 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 16 of Common Cause: A Novel of the War in America contain?

Chapter 16 holds 345 sentences of Common Cause: A Novel of the War in America, unabridged, divided into 69 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 16 of Common Cause: A Novel of the War in America by Samuel Hopkins Adams exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 345 sentences, grouped into 69 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 16 of Common Cause: A Novel of the War in America?

Work through the 69 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 69 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 16 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 16 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Common Cause: A Novel of the War in America

Common questions about reading Common Cause: A Novel of the War in America by Samuel Hopkins Adams on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Common Cause: A Novel of the War in America?

Yes. All 10323 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #55400 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Common Cause: A Novel of the War in America is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #55400, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Common Cause: A Novel of the War in America take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2065 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Common Cause: A Novel of the War in America section by section

How to work through Common Cause: A Novel of the War in America section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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Vocabulary met early in Common Cause: A Novel of the War in America

Words and structures a reader meets early in Common Cause: A Novel of the War in America, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Novel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Common Cause: A Novel of the War in America; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
America
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Common Cause: A Novel of the War in America; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Illustrations
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Common Cause: A Novel of the War in America; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Arthur
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Common Cause: A Novel of the War in America; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.