Learn English through classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Confessio Amantis
Confessio Amantis

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Confessio Amantis is here in full — 115 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Confessio Amantis
Context Illustration Reading 1/23 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The following electronic text is based on that edition published in THE WORKS OF JOHN GOWER, ed.
Prof. G.C. Macauley.
Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.
Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.
Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Confessio Amantis

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Confessio Amantis is here in full — 115 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/23 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The following electronic text is based on that edition published in THE WORKS OF JOHN GOWER, ed.
Line 2
Prof. G.C. Macauley.
Line 3
Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.
Line 4
Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.
Line 5
Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

electronic adjective US /ˌɪlekˈtrɑːnɪk/

of or relating to electronics; concerned with or using devices that operate on principles governing the behavior of electrons

From this reading “The following electronic text is based on that edition published in THE WORKS OF JOHN GOWER, ed.”

ergo adverb US /ˈɜːrɡoʊ/

(used as a sentence connector) therefore or consequently

From this reading “Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.”

lingua noun US /ˈlɪŋɡwə/

a mobile mass of muscular tissue covered with mucous membrane and located in the oral cavity

From this reading “Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.”

ossa noun US /ˈɑːsə/

plural of “os” — a mouth or mouthlike opening

From this reading “Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.”

Primus noun US /ˈpraɪməs/

the presiding bishop of the Episcopal Church of Scotland

From this reading “Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.”

som noun US /sɑːm/

the basic unit of money in Uzbekistan

From this reading “Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.”

stet verb US /stet/

printing: cancel, as of a correction or deletion

From this reading “Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.”

Torpor noun US /ˈtɔːrpər/

a state of motor and mental inactivity with a partial suspension of sensibility

All words in this reading · 166

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

10

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

20

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

Absit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

alnounUS /æl/

a silvery ductile metallic element found primarily in bauxite

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

aldai

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

Anglica

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

basedadjectiveUS /beɪst/

having a base

From this reading The following electronic text is based on that edition published in THE WORKS OF JOHN GOWER, ed.

Beleve

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

BennounUS /ben/

a mountain or tall hill

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

betwen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

bok

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

bokes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

BotnounUS /bɔːt/

botfly larva; typically develops inside the body of a horse or sheep or human

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

Bruti

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

CnounUS /siː/

a degree on the centigrade scale of temperature

From this reading Prof. G.C. Macauley.

canam

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

canit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

carens

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

Carmente

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

Causant

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

causenounUS /kɑːz/

events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

comende

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

conterit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

dede

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

Doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

duelle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

dulleth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

ebes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

ednounUS /ed/

impotence resulting from a man's inability to have or maintain an erection of his penis

From this reading The following electronic text is based on that edition published in THE WORKS OF JOHN GOWER, ed.

editionnounUS /əˈdɪʃən/

the form in which a text (especially a printed book) is published

From this reading The following electronic text is based on that edition published in THE WORKS OF JOHN GOWER, ed.

eere

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

electronicadjectiveUS /ˌɪlekˈtrɑːnɪk/

of or relating to electronics; concerned with or using devices that operate on principles governing the behavior of electrons

From this reading The following electronic text is based on that edition published in THE WORKS OF JOHN GOWER, ed.

elleswhere

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

endite

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

Engelondes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

Engisti

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

englissh

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

ergoadverbUS /ˈɜːrɡoʊ/

(used as a sentence connector) therefore or consequently

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

Essampled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

et

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

fewe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

followingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ/

about to be mentioned or specified

From this reading The following electronic text is based on that edition published in THE WORKS OF JOHN GOWER, ed.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

Forthi

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

GnounUS /dʒiː/

a metric unit of weight equal to one thousandth of a kilogram

From this reading Prof. G.C. Macauley.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

GOWER

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The following electronic text is based on that edition published in THE WORKS OF JOHN GOWER, ed.

hemnounUS /hem/

the edge of a piece of cloth; especially the finished edge that has been doubled under and stitched down

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

hiere

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The following electronic text is based on that edition published in THE WORKS OF JOHN GOWER, ed.

Insula

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

interpres

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

ipse

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The following electronic text is based on that edition published in THE WORKS OF JOHN GOWER, ed.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

iuuante

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

JOHNnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading The following electronic text is based on that edition published in THE WORKS OF JOHN GOWER, ed.

kyng

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

labornounUS /ˈleɪbər/

a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

lasse

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

Liber

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

linguanounUS /ˈlɪŋɡwə/

a mobile mass of muscular tissue covered with mucous membrane and located in the oral cavity

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

loquar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

loquelis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

lorenounUS /lɔːr/

knowledge gained through tradition or anecdote

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

lustnounUS /lʌst/

a strong sexual desire

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

lyke

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

Macauley

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Prof. G.C. Macauley.

mai

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

malusnoun

apple trees; found throughout temperate zones of the northern hemisphere

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

mannes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

matiere

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

metra

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

middel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

minimusnoun

the fifth digit; the little finger or little toe

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

minimusque

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

minora

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

myhte

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

newe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

Octavus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The following electronic text is based on that edition published in THE WORKS OF JOHN GOWER, ed.

ofte

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

olde

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The following electronic text is based on that edition published in THE WORKS OF JOHN GOWER, ed.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

oro

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

ossanounUS /ˈɑːsə/

plural of “os” — a mouth or mouthlike opening

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

Ossibus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

oure

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

ous

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

parua

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

PrimusnounUS /ˈpraɪməs/

the presiding bishop of the Episcopal Church of Scotland

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

procul

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

Profnoun

someone who is a member of the faculty at a college or university

From this reading Prof. G.C. Macauley.

Prologus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

publishedadjectiveUS /ˈpʌblɪʃt/

prepared and printed for distribution and sale

From this reading The following electronic text is based on that edition published in THE WORKS OF JOHN GOWER, ed.

Qua

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

Quartus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

que

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

Quintus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

quo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

redeverb

give an interpretation or explanation to

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

Richard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

sakenounUS /seɪk/

a reason for wanting something done

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

schal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

scola

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

Secundus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

sein

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

sensus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

Septimus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

sextenthe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

Sextus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

somnounUS /sɑːm/

the basic unit of money in Uzbekistan

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

somewhatadverbUS /ˈsʌmˈwʌt/

to a small degree or extent

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

Somwhat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

soth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

stetverbUS /stet/

printing: cancel, as of a correction or deletion

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

tamen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

tawht

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

Tercius

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

textnounUS /tekst/

the words of something written

From this reading The following electronic text is based on that edition published in THE WORKS OF JOHN GOWER, ed.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The following electronic text is based on that edition published in THE WORKS OF JOHN GOWER, ed.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The following electronic text is based on that edition published in THE WORKS OF JOHN GOWER, ed.

thenke

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

therfore

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

thilke

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

thonounUS /ðoʊ/

a branch of the Tai languages

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

tofore

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

TorpornounUS /ˈtɔːrpər/

a state of motor and mental inactivity with a partial suspension of sensibility

From this reading Prologus Liber Primus Liber Secundus Liber Tercius Liber Quartus Liber Quintus Liber Sextus Liber Septimus Liber Octavus Prologus _Torpor, ebes sensus, scola parua labor minimusque Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam: Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar.

tweie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

tyme

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

weie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

Whan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

wisdomnounUS /ˈwɪzdəm/

accumulated knowledge or erudition or enlightenment

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

witnounUS /wɪt/

a message whose ingenuity or verbal skill or incongruity has the power to evoke laughter

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

wolde

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

WORKSnounUS /wɜːrks/

buildings for carrying on industrial labor

From this reading The following electronic text is based on that edition published in THE WORKS OF JOHN GOWER, ed.

worldes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

writnounUS /rɪt/

(law) a legal document issued by a court or judicial officer

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

writeverbUS /raɪt/

produce a literary work

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

writen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

wryte

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

wyse

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis Absit, et interpres stet procul oro malus._ Of hem that writen ous tofore The bokes duelle, and we therfore Ben tawht of that was write tho: Forthi good is that we also In oure tyme among ous hiere Do wryte of newe som matiere, Essampled of these olde wyse So that it myhte in such a wyse, Whan we ben dede and elleswhere, Beleve to the worldes eere 10 In tyme comende after this.

yepronounUS /jiː/

an old word for “you”, speaking to more than one person

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

yer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bot for men sein, and soth it is, That who that al of wisdom writ It dulleth ofte a mannes wit To him that schal it aldai rede, For thilke cause, if that ye rede, I wolde go the middel weie And wryte a bok betwen the tweie, Somwhat of lust, somewhat of lore, That of the lasse or of the more 20 Som man mai lyke of that I wryte: And for that fewe men endite In oure englissh, I thenke make A bok for Engelondes sake, The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard.

Chapter 1 of Confessio Amantis by John Gower holds 115 sentences, grouped into 23 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Confessio Amantis contain?

Chapter 1 holds 115 sentences of Confessio Amantis, unabridged, divided into 23 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Confessio Amantis by John Gower exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 115 sentences, grouped into 23 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Confessio Amantis?

Work through the 23 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 23 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Confessio Amantis

Common questions about reading Confessio Amantis by John Gower on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Confessio Amantis?

Yes. All 4761 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #266 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Confessio Amantis is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #266, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Confessio Amantis take to read?

About 396 minutes of reading across 953 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Confessio Amantis section by section

How to work through Confessio Amantis section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Confessio Amantis to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Confessio Amantis

Words and structures a reader meets early in Confessio Amantis, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Following
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Confessio Amantis; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Electronic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Confessio Amantis; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Based
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Confessio Amantis; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Edition
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Confessio Amantis; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.