Chapter IV

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Still the mother remained sitting beside her dear sons, never taking her eyes off them for a moment, and never caring for sleep.

in the past

From this reading The moon had long ago risen in the heavens, and from their height shone down on the yard, covered with sleeping Cossacks, on the thick sallows, and on the high grass which had overgrown the palisade surrounding the yard.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The moon had long ago risen in the heavens, and from their height shone down on the yard, covered with sleeping Cossacks, on the thick sallows, and on the high grass which had overgrown the palisade surrounding the yard.

move towards

From this reading The horses, feeling the approach of the dawn, lay down and ceased to feed; the upper leaves of the sallows began to move, and, by degrees, the murmuring current descended to the branches beneath.

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading The horses, feeling the approach of the dawn, lay down and ceased to feed; the upper leaves of the sallows began to move, and, by degrees, the murmuring current descended to the branches beneath.

Directly under; in or to a lower position than.

From this reading The horses, feeling the approach of the dawn, lay down and ceased to feed; the upper leaves of the sallows began to move, and, by degrees, the murmuring current descended to the branches beneath.

next to; at the side of

From this reading Still the mother remained sitting beside her dear sons, never taking her eyes off them for a moment, and never caring for sleep.

plural of “branch” — a division of some larger or more complex organization

From this reading The horses, feeling the approach of the dawn, lay down and ceased to feed; the upper leaves of the sallows began to move, and, by degrees, the murmuring current descended to the branches beneath.

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The horses, feeling the approach of the dawn, lay down and ceased to feed; the upper leaves of the sallows began to move, and, by degrees, the murmuring current descended to the branches beneath.

a loving feeling

From this reading Still the mother remained sitting beside her dear sons, never taking her eyes off them for a moment, and never caring for sleep.

past form of “cease” — put an end to a state or an activity

From this reading The horses, feeling the approach of the dawn, lay down and ceased to feed; the upper leaves of the sallows began to move, and, by degrees, the murmuring current descended to the branches beneath.

plural of “cossack” — a member of a Slavic people living in southern European Russia and Ukraine and adjacent parts of Asia and noted for their horsemanship and military skill; they formed an elite cavalry corps in czarist Russia

From this reading The moon had long ago risen in the heavens, and from their height shone down on the yard, covered with sleeping Cossacks, on the thick sallows, and on the high grass which had overgrown the palisade surrounding the yard.

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading The moon had long ago risen in the heavens, and from their height shone down on the yard, covered with sleeping Cossacks, on the thick sallows, and on the high grass which had overgrown the palisade surrounding the yard.

a flow of electricity through a conductor

From this reading The horses, feeling the approach of the dawn, lay down and ceased to feed; the upper leaves of the sallows began to move, and, by degrees, the murmuring current descended to the branches beneath.

the first light of day

From this reading The horses, feeling the approach of the dawn, lay down and ceased to feed; the upper leaves of the sallows began to move, and, by degrees, the murmuring current descended to the branches beneath.

dearly loved

From this reading Still the mother remained sitting beside her dear sons, never taking her eyes off them for a moment, and never caring for sleep.

plural of “degree” — a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading The horses, feeling the approach of the dawn, lay down and ceased to feed; the upper leaves of the sallows began to move, and, by degrees, the murmuring current descended to the branches beneath.

past form of “descend” — move downward and lower, but not necessarily all the way

From this reading The horses, feeling the approach of the dawn, lay down and ceased to feed; the upper leaves of the sallows began to move, and, by degrees, the murmuring current descended to the branches beneath.

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading The moon had long ago risen in the heavens, and from their height shone down on the yard, covered with sleeping Cossacks, on the thick sallows, and on the high grass which had overgrown the palisade surrounding the yard.

opinion or judgment

From this reading Still the mother remained sitting beside her dear sons, never taking her eyes off them for a moment, and never caring for sleep.

provide as food

From this reading The horses, feeling the approach of the dawn, lay down and ceased to feed; the upper leaves of the sallows began to move, and, by degrees, the murmuring current descended to the branches beneath.

the experiencing of affective and emotional states

From this reading The horses, feeling the approach of the dawn, lay down and ceased to feed; the upper leaves of the sallows began to move, and, by degrees, the murmuring current descended to the branches beneath.

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading She felt no weariness, and inwardly wished that the night might last still longer.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Still the mother remained sitting beside her dear sons, never taking her eyes off them for a moment, and never caring for sleep.

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The moon had long ago risen in the heavens, and from their height shone down on the yard, covered with sleeping Cossacks, on the thick sallows, and on the high grass which had overgrown the palisade surrounding the yard.

shoot down, of birds

From this reading The moon had long ago risen in the heavens, and from their height shone down on the yard, covered with sleeping Cossacks, on the thick sallows, and on the high grass which had overgrown the palisade surrounding the yard.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The moon had long ago risen in the heavens, and from their height shone down on the yard, covered with sleeping Cossacks, on the thick sallows, and on the high grass which had overgrown the palisade surrounding the yard.

the apparent surface of the imaginary sphere on which celestial bodies appear to be projected

From this reading The moon had long ago risen in the heavens, and from their height shone down on the yard, covered with sleeping Cossacks, on the thick sallows, and on the high grass which had overgrown the palisade surrounding the yard.

the vertical dimension of extension; distance from the base of something to the top

From this reading The moon had long ago risen in the heavens, and from their height shone down on the yard, covered with sleeping Cossacks, on the thick sallows, and on the high grass which had overgrown the palisade surrounding the yard.

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Still the mother remained sitting beside her dear sons, never taking her eyes off them for a moment, and never caring for sleep.

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading The moon had long ago risen in the heavens, and from their height shone down on the yard, covered with sleeping Cossacks, on the thick sallows, and on the high grass which had overgrown the palisade surrounding the yard.

plural of “horse” — solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading The horses, feeling the approach of the dawn, lay down and ceased to feed; the upper leaves of the sallows began to move, and, by degrees, the murmuring current descended to the branches beneath.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The moon had long ago risen in the heavens, and from their height shone down on the yard, covered with sleeping Cossacks, on the thick sallows, and on the high grass which had overgrown the palisade surrounding the yard.

with respect to private feelings

From this reading She felt no weariness, and inwardly wished that the night might last still longer.

immediately past

From this reading She felt no weariness, and inwardly wished that the night might last still longer.

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading The horses, feeling the approach of the dawn, lay down and ceased to feed; the upper leaves of the sallows began to move, and, by degrees, the murmuring current descended to the branches beneath.

plural of “leaf” — the main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants

From this reading The horses, feeling the approach of the dawn, lay down and ceased to feed; the upper leaves of the sallows began to move, and, by degrees, the murmuring current descended to the branches beneath.

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading The moon had long ago risen in the heavens, and from their height shone down on the yard, covered with sleeping Cossacks, on the thick sallows, and on the high grass which had overgrown the palisade surrounding the yard.

for more time

From this reading She felt no weariness, and inwardly wished that the night might last still longer.

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading She felt no weariness, and inwardly wished that the night might last still longer.

a particular point in time

From this reading Still the mother remained sitting beside her dear sons, never taking her eyes off them for a moment, and never caring for sleep.

the natural satellite of the Earth

From this reading The moon had long ago risen in the heavens, and from their height shone down on the yard, covered with sleeping Cossacks, on the thick sallows, and on the high grass which had overgrown the palisade surrounding the yard.

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading Still the mother remained sitting beside her dear sons, never taking her eyes off them for a moment, and never caring for sleep.

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading The horses, feeling the approach of the dawn, lay down and ceased to feed; the upper leaves of the sallows began to move, and, by degrees, the murmuring current descended to the branches beneath.

a low continuous indistinct sound; often accompanied by movement of the lips without the production of articulate speech

From this reading The horses, feeling the approach of the dawn, lay down and ceased to feed; the upper leaves of the sallows began to move, and, by degrees, the murmuring current descended to the branches beneath.

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading Still the mother remained sitting beside her dear sons, never taking her eyes off them for a moment, and never caring for sleep.

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading She felt no weariness, and inwardly wished that the night might last still longer.

not any; not one

From this reading She felt no weariness, and inwardly wished that the night might last still longer.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The horses, feeling the approach of the dawn, lay down and ceased to feed; the upper leaves of the sallows began to move, and, by degrees, the murmuring current descended to the branches beneath.

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Still the mother remained sitting beside her dear sons, never taking her eyes off them for a moment, and never caring for sleep.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The moon had long ago risen in the heavens, and from their height shone down on the yard, covered with sleeping Cossacks, on the thick sallows, and on the high grass which had overgrown the palisade surrounding the yard.

covered with growing plants

From this reading The moon had long ago risen in the heavens, and from their height shone down on the yard, covered with sleeping Cossacks, on the thick sallows, and on the high grass which had overgrown the palisade surrounding the yard.

fortification consisting of a strong fence made of stakes driven into the ground

From this reading The moon had long ago risen in the heavens, and from their height shone down on the yard, covered with sleeping Cossacks, on the thick sallows, and on the high grass which had overgrown the palisade surrounding the yard.

past form of “remain” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading Still the mother remained sitting beside her dear sons, never taking her eyes off them for a moment, and never caring for sleep.

(of e.g. celestial bodies) above the horizon

From this reading The moon had long ago risen in the heavens, and from their height shone down on the yard, covered with sleeping Cossacks, on the thick sallows, and on the high grass which had overgrown the palisade surrounding the yard.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The moon had long ago risen in the heavens, and from their height shone down on the yard, covered with sleeping Cossacks, on the thick sallows, and on the high grass which had overgrown the palisade surrounding the yard.

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She felt no weariness, and inwardly wished that the night might last still longer.

inflected form of “shine” — be bright by reflecting or casting light

From this reading The moon had long ago risen in the heavens, and from their height shone down on the yard, covered with sleeping Cossacks, on the thick sallows, and on the high grass which had overgrown the palisade surrounding the yard.

(photography) the act of assuming a certain position (as for a photograph or portrait)

From this reading Still the mother remained sitting beside her dear sons, never taking her eyes off them for a moment, and never caring for sleep.

a natural and periodic state of rest during which consciousness of the world is suspended

From this reading Still the mother remained sitting beside her dear sons, never taking her eyes off them for a moment, and never caring for sleep.

the state of being asleep

From this reading The moon had long ago risen in the heavens, and from their height shone down on the yard, covered with sleeping Cossacks, on the thick sallows, and on the high grass which had overgrown the palisade surrounding the yard.

plural of “son” — a male human offspring

From this reading Still the mother remained sitting beside her dear sons, never taking her eyes off them for a moment, and never caring for sleep.

not in physical motion

From this reading Still the mother remained sitting beside her dear sons, never taking her eyes off them for a moment, and never caring for sleep.

closely encircling

From this reading The moon had long ago risen in the heavens, and from their height shone down on the yard, covered with sleeping Cossacks, on the thick sallows, and on the high grass which had overgrown the palisade surrounding the yard.

the act of someone who picks up or takes something

From this reading Still the mother remained sitting beside her dear sons, never taking her eyes off them for a moment, and never caring for sleep.

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading She felt no weariness, and inwardly wished that the night might last still longer.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The moon had long ago risen in the heavens, and from their height shone down on the yard, covered with sleeping Cossacks, on the thick sallows, and on the high grass which had overgrown the palisade surrounding the yard.

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The moon had long ago risen in the heavens, and from their height shone down on the yard, covered with sleeping Cossacks, on the thick sallows, and on the high grass which had overgrown the palisade surrounding the yard.

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Still the mother remained sitting beside her dear sons, never taking her eyes off them for a moment, and never caring for sleep.

not thin; of a specific thickness or of relatively great extent from one surface to the opposite usually in the smallest of the three solid dimensions

From this reading The moon had long ago risen in the heavens, and from their height shone down on the yard, covered with sleeping Cossacks, on the thick sallows, and on the high grass which had overgrown the palisade surrounding the yard.

up to a particular time

From this reading The mother remained sitting till dawn.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The horses, feeling the approach of the dawn, lay down and ceased to feed; the upper leaves of the sallows began to move, and, by degrees, the murmuring current descended to the branches beneath.

the topmost one of two

From this reading The horses, feeling the approach of the dawn, lay down and ceased to feed; the upper leaves of the sallows began to move, and, by degrees, the murmuring current descended to the branches beneath.

temporary loss of strength and energy resulting from hard physical or mental work

From this reading She felt no weariness, and inwardly wished that the night might last still longer.

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The moon had long ago risen in the heavens, and from their height shone down on the yard, covered with sleeping Cossacks, on the thick sallows, and on the high grass which had overgrown the palisade surrounding the yard.

past form of “wish” — hope for; have a wish

From this reading She felt no weariness, and inwardly wished that the night might last still longer.

in the company of; together with

From this reading The moon had long ago risen in the heavens, and from their height shone down on the yard, covered with sleeping Cossacks, on the thick sallows, and on the high grass which had overgrown the palisade surrounding the yard.

a unit of length equal to 3 feet; defined as 91.44 centimeters; originally taken to be the average length of a stride

From this reading The moon had long ago risen in the heavens, and from their height shone down on the yard, covered with sleeping Cossacks, on the thick sallows, and on the high grass which had overgrown the palisade surrounding the yard.