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Courts and Criminals
Courts and Criminals

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of Courts and Criminals is here in full — 196 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/39 · 5 lines
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Harry Kendall Thaw shot and killed Stanford White on the 25th day of June, 1905.
Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.
During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.
Neither was it possible for the District Attorney to secure any evidence of Thaw's mental condition, since he positively refused either to talk to the prosecutor's medical representatives or to allow himself to be examined by them.
Mr. Jerome therefore was compelled to enter upon an elaborate and expensive preparation of the case, not only upon its merits, but upon the possible question of the criminal irresponsibility of the defendant.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Courts and Criminals

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of Courts and Criminals is here in full — 196 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/39 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Harry Kendall Thaw shot and killed Stanford White on the 25th day of June, 1905.
Line 2
Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.
/ˌɔːlˈðoʊ moʊst ʌv ðə ˈkɔːrənərz ˈdʒʊri wɪtʃ fɜːrst sæt əˈpɑːn ðə keɪs kənˈsɪdərd hɪm ˌɪˈræʃənəl hiː wɑːz kəˈmɪtɪd tuː ðə tuːmz ənd ˈhævɪŋ bɪn ˌɪnˈdaɪtɪd fɔːr ˈmɜːrdər rɪˈmeɪnd ðer ˈoʊvər sɪks mʌnθs ˈpendɪŋ hɪz ˈtraɪəl/
Line 3
During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.
/ˈdʊrɪŋ ðæt taɪm ɪt wɑːz ə ˈmætər ʌv ˈkɑːmən ˈnɑːlədʒ ðæt hɪz dɪˈfens wɑːz tuː biː ðæt hiː wɑːz ˌɪnˈseɪn æt ðə taɪm ʌv ðə ˈʃuːtɪŋ bʌt æz ˈʌndər ðə nuː jɔːrk lɔː ɪt ɪz nɑːt ˈnesəseri spəˈsɪfɪkli tuː ˈentər ə pliː ʌv ˌɪnˈsænəti tuː ðə ˌɪnˈdaɪtmənt ɪn ˈɔːrdər tuː teɪk ædˈvæntɪdʒ ʌv ðæt dɪˈfens wɪtʃ meɪ biː ˈpruːvən ˈʌndər ðə ˈdʒenərəl pliː ʌv nɑːt ˈɡɪlti ðer wɑːz ˈnʌθɪŋ əˈfɪʃəli ɑːn rəˈkɔːrd tuː ˈɪndəkeɪt ðɪs ˈpɜːrpəs/
Line 4
Neither was it possible for the District Attorney to secure any evidence of Thaw's mental condition, since he positively refused either to talk to the prosecutor's medical representatives or to allow himself to be examined by them.
Line 5
Mr. Jerome therefore was compelled to enter upon an elaborate and expensive preparation of the case, not only upon its merits, but upon the possible question of the criminal irresponsibility of the defendant.
/ˈmɪstər dʒərˈoʊm ˈðerfɔːr wɑːz kəmˈpeld tuː ˈentər əˈpɑːn æn ɪˈlæbrət ənd ɪkˈspensɪv ˌprepərˈeɪʃən ʌv ðə keɪs nɑːt ˈoʊnli əˈpɑːn ɪts ˈmerəts bʌt əˈpɑːn ðə ˈpɑːsəbəl ˈkwestʃən ʌv ðə ˈkrɪmənəl ˌɪrəspɑːnsəˈbɪləti ʌv ðə dɪˈfendənt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Coroner's noun US /ˈkɔːrənərz/

possessive form of “coroner” — a public official who investigates by inquest any death not due to natural causes

From this reading “Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.”

indicted verb US /ˌɪnˈdaɪtɪd/

past form of “indict” — accuse formally of a crime

From this reading “Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.”

irrational adjective US /ˌɪˈræʃənəl/

not consistent with or using reason

From this reading “Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.”

irresponsibility noun US /ˌɪrəspɑːnsəˈbɪləti/

a form of untrustworthiness; the trait of lacking a sense of responsibility and not feeling accountable for your actions

From this reading “Mr. Jerome therefore was compelled to enter upon an elaborate and expensive preparation of the case, not only upon its merits, but upon the possible question of the criminal irresponsibility of the defendant.”

Kendall noun US /ˈkendəl/

United States biochemist who discovered cortisone (1886-1972)

From this reading “Harry Kendall Thaw shot and killed Stanford White on the 25th day of June, 1905.”

prosecutor's noun US /ˈprɑːsɪkjuːtərz/

possessive form of “prosecutor” — a government official who conducts criminal prosecutions on behalf of the state

From this reading “Neither was it possible for the District Attorney to secure any evidence of Thaw's mental condition, since he positively refused either to talk to the prosecutor's medical representatives or to allow himself to be examined by them.”

specifically adverb US /spəˈsɪfɪkli/

in distinction from others

From this reading “During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.”

Stanford noun US /ˈstænfərd/

United States railroad executive and founder of Stanford University (1824-1893)

From this reading “Harry Kendall Thaw shot and killed Stanford White on the 25th day of June, 1905.”

All words in this reading · 125

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1905

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Harry Kendall Thaw shot and killed Stanford White on the 25th day of June, 1905.

25th

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Harry Kendall Thaw shot and killed Stanford White on the 25th day of June, 1905.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

advantagenounUS /ædˈvæntɪdʒ/

the quality of having a superior or more favorable position

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

allowverbUS /əˈlaʊ/

make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading Neither was it possible for the District Attorney to secure any evidence of Thaw's mental condition, since he positively refused either to talk to the prosecutor's medical representatives or to allow himself to be examined by them.

AlthoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Mr. Jerome therefore was compelled to enter upon an elaborate and expensive preparation of the case, not only upon its merits, but upon the possible question of the criminal irresponsibility of the defendant.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Harry Kendall Thaw shot and killed Stanford White on the 25th day of June, 1905.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Neither was it possible for the District Attorney to secure any evidence of Thaw's mental condition, since he positively refused either to talk to the prosecutor's medical representatives or to allow himself to be examined by them.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

AttorneynounUS /əˈtɜːrni/

a professional person authorized to practice law; conducts lawsuits or gives legal advice

From this reading Neither was it possible for the District Attorney to secure any evidence of Thaw's mental condition, since he positively refused either to talk to the prosecutor's medical representatives or to allow himself to be examined by them.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Neither was it possible for the District Attorney to secure any evidence of Thaw's mental condition, since he positively refused either to talk to the prosecutor's medical representatives or to allow himself to be examined by them.

casenounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.

committedadjectiveUS /kəˈmɪtɪd/

bound or obligated, as under a pledge to a particular cause, action, or attitude

From this reading Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.

commonadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmən/

belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

compelledverbUS /kəmˈpeld/

inflected form of “compel” — force somebody to do something

From this reading Mr. Jerome therefore was compelled to enter upon an elaborate and expensive preparation of the case, not only upon its merits, but upon the possible question of the criminal irresponsibility of the defendant.

conditionnounUS /kənˈdɪʃən/

a state at a particular time

From this reading Neither was it possible for the District Attorney to secure any evidence of Thaw's mental condition, since he positively refused either to talk to the prosecutor's medical representatives or to allow himself to be examined by them.

consideredadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərd/

carefully weighed

From this reading Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.

Coroner'snounUS /ˈkɔːrənərz/

possessive form of “coroner” — a public official who investigates by inquest any death not due to natural causes

From this reading Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.

criminaladjectiveUS /ˈkrɪmənəl/

bringing or deserving severe rebuke or censure

From this reading Mr. Jerome therefore was compelled to enter upon an elaborate and expensive preparation of the case, not only upon its merits, but upon the possible question of the criminal irresponsibility of the defendant.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Harry Kendall Thaw shot and killed Stanford White on the 25th day of June, 1905.

defencenounUS /dɪˈfens/

(psychiatry) an unconscious process that tries to reduce the anxiety associated with instinctive desires

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

defendantnounUS /dɪˈfendənt/

a person or institution against whom an action is brought in a court of law; the person being sued or accused

From this reading Mr. Jerome therefore was compelled to enter upon an elaborate and expensive preparation of the case, not only upon its merits, but upon the possible question of the criminal irresponsibility of the defendant.

DistrictnounUS /ˈdɪstrɪkt/

a region marked off for administrative or other purposes

From this reading Neither was it possible for the District Attorney to secure any evidence of Thaw's mental condition, since he positively refused either to talk to the prosecutor's medical representatives or to allow himself to be examined by them.

DuringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading Neither was it possible for the District Attorney to secure any evidence of Thaw's mental condition, since he positively refused either to talk to the prosecutor's medical representatives or to allow himself to be examined by them.

elaborateadjectiveUS /ɪˈlæbrət/

marked by complexity and richness of detail

From this reading Mr. Jerome therefore was compelled to enter upon an elaborate and expensive preparation of the case, not only upon its merits, but upon the possible question of the criminal irresponsibility of the defendant.

enterverbUS /ˈentər/

to come or go into

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

evidencenounUS /ˈevədəns/

your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief

From this reading Neither was it possible for the District Attorney to secure any evidence of Thaw's mental condition, since he positively refused either to talk to the prosecutor's medical representatives or to allow himself to be examined by them.

examinedverbUS /ɪɡˈzæmənd/

past form of “examine” — consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning

From this reading Neither was it possible for the District Attorney to secure any evidence of Thaw's mental condition, since he positively refused either to talk to the prosecutor's medical representatives or to allow himself to be examined by them.

expensiveadjectiveUS /ɪkˈspensɪv/

high in price or charging high prices

From this reading Mr. Jerome therefore was compelled to enter upon an elaborate and expensive preparation of the case, not only upon its merits, but upon the possible question of the criminal irresponsibility of the defendant.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.

generaladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

guiltyadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪlti/

responsible for or chargeable with a reprehensible act

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

HarryverbUS /ˈheri/

annoy continually or chronically

From this reading Harry Kendall Thaw shot and killed Stanford White on the 25th day of June, 1905.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Neither was it possible for the District Attorney to secure any evidence of Thaw's mental condition, since he positively refused either to talk to the prosecutor's medical representatives or to allow himself to be examined by them.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

indicateverbUS /ˈɪndəkeɪt/

be a signal for or a symptom of

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

indictedverbUS /ˌɪnˈdaɪtɪd/

past form of “indict” — accuse formally of a crime

From this reading Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.

indictmentnounUS /ˌɪnˈdaɪtmənt/

a formal document written for a prosecuting attorney charging a person with some offense

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

insaneadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈseɪn/

afflicted with or characteristic of mental derangement

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

insanitynounUS /ˌɪnˈsænəti/

relatively permanent disorder of the mind

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

irrationaladjectiveUS /ˌɪˈræʃənəl/

not consistent with or using reason

From this reading Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.

irresponsibilitynounUS /ˌɪrəspɑːnsəˈbɪləti/

a form of untrustworthiness; the trait of lacking a sense of responsibility and not feeling accountable for your actions

From this reading Mr. Jerome therefore was compelled to enter upon an elaborate and expensive preparation of the case, not only upon its merits, but upon the possible question of the criminal irresponsibility of the defendant.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Mr. Jerome therefore was compelled to enter upon an elaborate and expensive preparation of the case, not only upon its merits, but upon the possible question of the criminal irresponsibility of the defendant.

JeromenounUS /dʒərˈoʊm/

(Roman Catholic Church) one of the great Fathers of the early Christian Church whose major work was his translation of the Scriptures from Hebrew and Greek into Latin (which became the Vulgate); a saint and Doctor of the Church (347-420)

From this reading Mr. Jerome therefore was compelled to enter upon an elaborate and expensive preparation of the case, not only upon its merits, but upon the possible question of the criminal irresponsibility of the defendant.

JunenounUS /dʒuːn/

the month following May and preceding July

From this reading Harry Kendall Thaw shot and killed Stanford White on the 25th day of June, 1905.

jurynounUS /ˈdʒʊri/

a body of citizens sworn to give a true verdict according to the evidence presented in a court of law

From this reading Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.

KendallnounUS /ˈkendəl/

United States biochemist who discovered cortisone (1886-1972)

From this reading Harry Kendall Thaw shot and killed Stanford White on the 25th day of June, 1905.

killedverbUS /kɪld/

past form of “kill” — cause to die; put to death, usually intentionally or knowingly

From this reading Harry Kendall Thaw shot and killed Stanford White on the 25th day of June, 1905.

knowledgenounUS /ˈnɑːlədʒ/

the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

lawnounUS /lɔː/

the collection of rules imposed by authority

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

medicaladjectiveUS /ˈmedəkəl/

relating to the study or practice of medicine

From this reading Neither was it possible for the District Attorney to secure any evidence of Thaw's mental condition, since he positively refused either to talk to the prosecutor's medical representatives or to allow himself to be examined by them.

mentaladjectiveUS /ˈmentəl/

involving the mind or an intellectual process

From this reading Neither was it possible for the District Attorney to secure any evidence of Thaw's mental condition, since he positively refused either to talk to the prosecutor's medical representatives or to allow himself to be examined by them.

meritsnounUS /ˈmerəts/

plural of “merit” — any admirable quality or attribute

From this reading Mr. Jerome therefore was compelled to enter upon an elaborate and expensive preparation of the case, not only upon its merits, but upon the possible question of the criminal irresponsibility of the defendant.

monthsnounUS /mʌnθs/

plural of “month” — one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading Mr. Jerome therefore was compelled to enter upon an elaborate and expensive preparation of the case, not only upon its merits, but upon the possible question of the criminal irresponsibility of the defendant.

murderverbUS /ˈmɜːrdər/

kill intentionally and with premeditation

From this reading Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

NeitherdeterminerUS /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading Neither was it possible for the District Attorney to secure any evidence of Thaw's mental condition, since he positively refused either to talk to the prosecutor's medical representatives or to allow himself to be examined by them.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Harry Kendall Thaw shot and killed Stanford White on the 25th day of June, 1905.

officiallyadverbUS /əˈfɪʃəli/

in an official role

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Harry Kendall Thaw shot and killed Stanford White on the 25th day of June, 1905.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Mr. Jerome therefore was compelled to enter upon an elaborate and expensive preparation of the case, not only upon its merits, but upon the possible question of the criminal irresponsibility of the defendant.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Neither was it possible for the District Attorney to secure any evidence of Thaw's mental condition, since he positively refused either to talk to the prosecutor's medical representatives or to allow himself to be examined by them.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.

pendingadjectiveUS /ˈpendɪŋ/

awaiting conclusion or confirmation

From this reading Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.

pleanounUS /pliː/

a humble request for help from someone in authority

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

positivelyadverbUS /ˈpɑːzətɪvli/

extremely

From this reading Neither was it possible for the District Attorney to secure any evidence of Thaw's mental condition, since he positively refused either to talk to the prosecutor's medical representatives or to allow himself to be examined by them.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading Neither was it possible for the District Attorney to secure any evidence of Thaw's mental condition, since he positively refused either to talk to the prosecutor's medical representatives or to allow himself to be examined by them.

preparationnounUS /ˌprepərˈeɪʃən/

the activity of putting or setting in order in advance of some act or purpose

From this reading Mr. Jerome therefore was compelled to enter upon an elaborate and expensive preparation of the case, not only upon its merits, but upon the possible question of the criminal irresponsibility of the defendant.

prosecutor'snounUS /ˈprɑːsɪkjuːtərz/

possessive form of “prosecutor” — a government official who conducts criminal prosecutions on behalf of the state

From this reading Neither was it possible for the District Attorney to secure any evidence of Thaw's mental condition, since he positively refused either to talk to the prosecutor's medical representatives or to allow himself to be examined by them.

provenadjectiveUS /ˈpruːvən/

established beyond doubt

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

purposenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəs/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

questionverbUS /ˈkwestʃən/

challenge the accuracy, probity, or propriety of

From this reading Mr. Jerome therefore was compelled to enter upon an elaborate and expensive preparation of the case, not only upon its merits, but upon the possible question of the criminal irresponsibility of the defendant.

recordnounUS /rəˈkɔːrd/

anything (such as a document or a phonograph record or a photograph) providing permanent evidence of or information about past events

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

refusedverbUS /rəˈfjuːzd/

past form of “refuse” — show unwillingness towards

From this reading Neither was it possible for the District Attorney to secure any evidence of Thaw's mental condition, since he positively refused either to talk to the prosecutor's medical representatives or to allow himself to be examined by them.

remainedverbUS /rɪˈmeɪnd/

past form of “remain” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.

representativesnounUS /ˌreprəˈzentətɪvz/

plural of “representative” — a person who represents others

From this reading Neither was it possible for the District Attorney to secure any evidence of Thaw's mental condition, since he positively refused either to talk to the prosecutor's medical representatives or to allow himself to be examined by them.

satnounUS /sæt/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.

secureverbUS /sɪˈkjʊr/

get by special effort

From this reading Neither was it possible for the District Attorney to secure any evidence of Thaw's mental condition, since he positively refused either to talk to the prosecutor's medical representatives or to allow himself to be examined by them.

shootingnounUS /ˈʃuːtɪŋ/

the act of firing a projectile

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

shotnounUS /ʃɑːt/

the act of firing a projectile

From this reading Harry Kendall Thaw shot and killed Stanford White on the 25th day of June, 1905.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading Neither was it possible for the District Attorney to secure any evidence of Thaw's mental condition, since he positively refused either to talk to the prosecutor's medical representatives or to allow himself to be examined by them.

sixnounUS /sɪks/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.

specificallyadverbUS /spəˈsɪfɪkli/

in distinction from others

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

StanfordnounUS /ˈstænfərd/

United States railroad executive and founder of Stanford University (1824-1893)

From this reading Harry Kendall Thaw shot and killed Stanford White on the 25th day of June, 1905.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

talkverbUS /tɔːk/

exchange thoughts; talk with

From this reading Neither was it possible for the District Attorney to secure any evidence of Thaw's mental condition, since he positively refused either to talk to the prosecutor's medical representatives or to allow himself to be examined by them.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

ThawnounUS /θɔː/

the process whereby heat changes something from a solid to a liquid

From this reading Harry Kendall Thaw shot and killed Stanford White on the 25th day of June, 1905.

Thaw's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Neither was it possible for the District Attorney to secure any evidence of Thaw's mental condition, since he positively refused either to talk to the prosecutor's medical representatives or to allow himself to be examined by them.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Harry Kendall Thaw shot and killed Stanford White on the 25th day of June, 1905.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Neither was it possible for the District Attorney to secure any evidence of Thaw's mental condition, since he positively refused either to talk to the prosecutor's medical representatives or to allow himself to be examined by them.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading Mr. Jerome therefore was compelled to enter upon an elaborate and expensive preparation of the case, not only upon its merits, but upon the possible question of the criminal irresponsibility of the defendant.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.

TombsnounUS /tuːmz/

plural of “tomb” — a place for the burial of a corpse (especially beneath the ground and marked by a tombstone)

From this reading Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.

trialnounUS /ˈtraɪəl/

the act of testing something

From this reading Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Although most of the Coroner's jury which first sat upon the case considered him irrational, he was committed to the Tombs and, having been indicted for murder, remained there over six months pending his trial.

WhitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading Harry Kendall Thaw shot and killed Stanford White on the 25th day of June, 1905.

YorknounUS /jɔːrk/

the English royal house (a branch of the Plantagenet line) that reigned from 1461 to 1485; its emblem was a white rose

From this reading During that time it was a matter of common knowledge that his defence was to be that he was insane at the time of the shooting, but as under the New York law it is not necessary specifically to enter a plea of insanity to the indictment in order to take advantage of that defence (which may be proven under the general plea of "not guilty"), there was nothing officially on record to indicate this purpose.

Chapter 10 of Courts and Criminals by Arthur Cheney Train holds 196 sentences, grouped into 40 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of Courts and Criminals contain?

Chapter 10 holds 196 sentences of Courts and Criminals, unabridged, divided into 40 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of Courts and Criminals by Arthur Cheney Train exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 196 sentences, grouped into 40 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of Courts and Criminals?

Work through the 40 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 40 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Courts and Criminals

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Is this the complete text of Courts and Criminals?

Yes. All 2667 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #5268 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Courts and Criminals is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #5268, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Courts and Criminals take to read?

About 222 minutes of reading across 534 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Courts and Criminals

Words and structures a reader meets early in Courts and Criminals, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Great
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Courts and Criminals; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
To-do
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Courts and Criminals; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Years
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Courts and Criminals; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ill-omened
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Courts and Criminals; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.