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Cousin Betty
Cousin Betty

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of Cousin Betty is here in full — 194 sentences across 39 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Cousin Betty
Context Illustration Reading 1/38 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Those who give him money.”
To be sure; I forgot that the Minister of War had commissioned him to erect a monument to one of our late customers.
Ah! the house has supplied many an uniform to General Montcornet; he soon blackened them with the smoke of cannon.
A brave man, he was! and he paid on the nail.”
A marshal of France may have saved the Emperor or his country; He paid on the nail will always be the highest praise he can have from a tradesman.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Cousin Betty

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of Cousin Betty is here in full — 194 sentences across 39 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/38 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Those who give him money.”
/ðoʊz huː ɡɪv hɪm ˈmʌni/
Line 2
To be sure; I forgot that the Minister of War had commissioned him to erect a monument to one of our late customers.
/tuː biː ʃʊr aɪ fərˈɡɑːt ðæt ðə ˈmɪnəstər ʌv wɔːr hæd kəˈmɪʃənd hɪm tuː ɪˈrekt ə ˈmɑːnjuːmənt tuː wʌn ʌv ˈaʊər leɪt ˈkʌstəmərz/
Line 3
Ah! the house has supplied many an uniform to General Montcornet; he soon blackened them with the smoke of cannon.
Line 4
A brave man, he was! and he paid on the nail.”
/ə breɪv mæn hiː wɑːz ənd hiː peɪd ɑːn ðə neɪl/
Line 5
A marshal of France may have saved the Emperor or his country; “He paid on the nailwill always be the highest praise he can have from a tradesman.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

blackened adjective US /ˈblækənd/

darkened by smoke

From this reading “Ah! the house has supplied many an uniform to General Montcornet; he soon blackened them with the smoke of cannon.”

cannon noun US /ˈkænən/

a large artillery gun that is usually on wheels

From this reading “Ah! the house has supplied many an uniform to General Montcornet; he soon blackened them with the smoke of cannon.”

commissioned adjective US /kəˈmɪʃənd/

(of military officers) holding by virtue of a commission a rank of second lieutenant or ensign or above

From this reading ““To be sure; I forgot that the Minister of War had commissioned him to erect a monument to one of our late customers.”

customers noun US /ˈkʌstəmərz/

plural of “customer” — someone who pays for goods or services

From this reading ““To be sure; I forgot that the Minister of War had commissioned him to erect a monument to one of our late customers.”

marshal verb US /ˈmɑːrʃəl/

place in proper rank

From this reading “A marshal of France may have saved the Emperor or his country; “He paid on the nail” will always be the highest praise he can have from a tradesman.”

monument noun US /ˈmɑːnjuːmənt/

a structure erected to commemorate persons or events

From this reading ““To be sure; I forgot that the Minister of War had commissioned him to erect a monument to one of our late customers.”

nail verb US /neɪl/

attach something somewhere by means of nails

From this reading “A brave man, he was! and he paid on the nail.””

supplied verb US /səˈplaɪd/

inflected form of “supply” — give something useful or necessary to

From this reading “Ah! the house has supplied many an uniform to General Montcornet; he soon blackened them with the smoke of cannon.”

All words in this reading · 63

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading “To be sure; I forgot that the Minister of War had commissioned him to erect a monument to one of our late customers.

Ah

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ah! the house has supplied many an uniform to General Montcornet; he soon blackened them with the smoke of cannon.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading A marshal of France may have saved the Emperor or his country; “He paid on the nail” will always be the highest praise he can have from a tradesman.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Ah! the house has supplied many an uniform to General Montcornet; he soon blackened them with the smoke of cannon.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A brave man, he was! and he paid on the nail.”

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading “To be sure; I forgot that the Minister of War had commissioned him to erect a monument to one of our late customers.

blackenedadjectiveUS /ˈblækənd/

darkened by smoke

From this reading Ah! the house has supplied many an uniform to General Montcornet; he soon blackened them with the smoke of cannon.

braveadjectiveUS /breɪv/

possessing or displaying courage; able to face and deal with danger or fear without flinching

From this reading A brave man, he was! and he paid on the nail.”

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading A marshal of France may have saved the Emperor or his country; “He paid on the nail” will always be the highest praise he can have from a tradesman.

cannonnounUS /ˈkænən/

a large artillery gun that is usually on wheels

From this reading Ah! the house has supplied many an uniform to General Montcornet; he soon blackened them with the smoke of cannon.

commissionedadjectiveUS /kəˈmɪʃənd/

(of military officers) holding by virtue of a commission a rank of second lieutenant or ensign or above

From this reading “To be sure; I forgot that the Minister of War had commissioned him to erect a monument to one of our late customers.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading A marshal of France may have saved the Emperor or his country; “He paid on the nail” will always be the highest praise he can have from a tradesman.

customersnounUS /ˈkʌstəmərz/

plural of “customer” — someone who pays for goods or services

From this reading “To be sure; I forgot that the Minister of War had commissioned him to erect a monument to one of our late customers.

EmperornounUS /ˈempərər/

the male ruler of an empire

From this reading A marshal of France may have saved the Emperor or his country; “He paid on the nail” will always be the highest praise he can have from a tradesman.

erectverbUS /ɪˈrekt/

construct, build, or erect

From this reading “To be sure; I forgot that the Minister of War had commissioned him to erect a monument to one of our late customers.

forgotverbUS /fərˈɡɑːt/

inflected form of “forget” — dismiss from the mind; stop remembering

From this reading “To be sure; I forgot that the Minister of War had commissioned him to erect a monument to one of our late customers.

FrancenounUS /fræns/

a republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe

From this reading A marshal of France may have saved the Emperor or his country; “He paid on the nail” will always be the highest praise he can have from a tradesman.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading A marshal of France may have saved the Emperor or his country; “He paid on the nail” will always be the highest praise he can have from a tradesman.

GeneraladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading Ah! the house has supplied many an uniform to General Montcornet; he soon blackened them with the smoke of cannon.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading “Those who give him money.”

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading “To be sure; I forgot that the Minister of War had commissioned him to erect a monument to one of our late customers.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Ah! the house has supplied many an uniform to General Montcornet; he soon blackened them with the smoke of cannon.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading A marshal of France may have saved the Emperor or his country; “He paid on the nail” will always be the highest praise he can have from a tradesman.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Ah! the house has supplied many an uniform to General Montcornet; he soon blackened them with the smoke of cannon.

highestadjectiveUS /ˈhaɪəst/

superlative of “high” — greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading A marshal of France may have saved the Emperor or his country; “He paid on the nail” will always be the highest praise he can have from a tradesman.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading “Those who give him money.”

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading A marshal of France may have saved the Emperor or his country; “He paid on the nail” will always be the highest praise he can have from a tradesman.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading Ah! the house has supplied many an uniform to General Montcornet; he soon blackened them with the smoke of cannon.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading “To be sure; I forgot that the Minister of War had commissioned him to erect a monument to one of our late customers.

lateadjectiveUS /leɪt/

being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time

From this reading “To be sure; I forgot that the Minister of War had commissioned him to erect a monument to one of our late customers.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading A brave man, he was! and he paid on the nail.”

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Ah! the house has supplied many an uniform to General Montcornet; he soon blackened them with the smoke of cannon.

marshalverbUS /ˈmɑːrʃəl/

place in proper rank

From this reading A marshal of France may have saved the Emperor or his country; “He paid on the nail” will always be the highest praise he can have from a tradesman.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading A marshal of France may have saved the Emperor or his country; “He paid on the nail” will always be the highest praise he can have from a tradesman.

MinisternounUS /ˈmɪnəstər/

a person authorized to conduct religious worship

From this reading “To be sure; I forgot that the Minister of War had commissioned him to erect a monument to one of our late customers.

moneynounUS /ˈmʌni/

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading “Those who give him money.”

Montcornet

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ah! the house has supplied many an uniform to General Montcornet; he soon blackened them with the smoke of cannon.

monumentnounUS /ˈmɑːnjuːmənt/

a structure erected to commemorate persons or events

From this reading “To be sure; I forgot that the Minister of War had commissioned him to erect a monument to one of our late customers.

nailverbUS /neɪl/

attach something somewhere by means of nails

From this reading A brave man, he was! and he paid on the nail.”

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading “To be sure; I forgot that the Minister of War had commissioned him to erect a monument to one of our late customers.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading A brave man, he was! and he paid on the nail.”

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “To be sure; I forgot that the Minister of War had commissioned him to erect a monument to one of our late customers.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading A marshal of France may have saved the Emperor or his country; “He paid on the nail” will always be the highest praise he can have from a tradesman.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading “To be sure; I forgot that the Minister of War had commissioned him to erect a monument to one of our late customers.

paidadjectiveUS /peɪd/

marked by the reception of pay

From this reading A brave man, he was! and he paid on the nail.”

praisenounUS /preɪz/

an expression of approval and commendation

From this reading A marshal of France may have saved the Emperor or his country; “He paid on the nail” will always be the highest praise he can have from a tradesman.

savedadjectiveUS /seɪvd/

rescued; especially from the power and consequences of sin

From this reading A marshal of France may have saved the Emperor or his country; “He paid on the nail” will always be the highest praise he can have from a tradesman.

smokenounUS /smoʊk/

a cloud of fine particles suspended in a gas

From this reading Ah! the house has supplied many an uniform to General Montcornet; he soon blackened them with the smoke of cannon.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading Ah! the house has supplied many an uniform to General Montcornet; he soon blackened them with the smoke of cannon.

suppliedverbUS /səˈplaɪd/

inflected form of “supply” — give something useful or necessary to

From this reading Ah! the house has supplied many an uniform to General Montcornet; he soon blackened them with the smoke of cannon.

sureadjectiveUS /ʃʊr/

having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured

From this reading “To be sure; I forgot that the Minister of War had commissioned him to erect a monument to one of our late customers.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading “To be sure; I forgot that the Minister of War had commissioned him to erect a monument to one of our late customers.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading “To be sure; I forgot that the Minister of War had commissioned him to erect a monument to one of our late customers.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Ah! the house has supplied many an uniform to General Montcornet; he soon blackened them with the smoke of cannon.

ThosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading “Those who give him money.”

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading “To be sure; I forgot that the Minister of War had commissioned him to erect a monument to one of our late customers.

tradesmannoun

a merchant who owns or manages a shop

From this reading A marshal of France may have saved the Emperor or his country; “He paid on the nail” will always be the highest praise he can have from a tradesman.

uniformadjectiveUS /ˈjuːnəfɔːrm/

always the same; showing a single form or character in all occurrences

From this reading Ah! the house has supplied many an uniform to General Montcornet; he soon blackened them with the smoke of cannon.

WarnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading “To be sure; I forgot that the Minister of War had commissioned him to erect a monument to one of our late customers.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A brave man, he was! and he paid on the nail.”

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading “Those who give him money.”

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading A marshal of France may have saved the Emperor or his country; “He paid on the nail” will always be the highest praise he can have from a tradesman.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Ah! the house has supplied many an uniform to General Montcornet; he soon blackened them with the smoke of cannon.

Chapter 10 of Cousin Betty by Honoré de Balzac holds 194 sentences, grouped into 39 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of Cousin Betty contain?

Chapter 10 holds 194 sentences of Cousin Betty, unabridged, divided into 39 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of Cousin Betty by Honoré de Balzac exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 194 sentences, grouped into 39 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of Cousin Betty?

Work through the 39 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 39 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Cousin Betty

Common questions about reading Cousin Betty by Honoré de Balzac on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Cousin Betty?

Yes. All 7747 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1749 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Cousin Betty is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1749, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Cousin Betty take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1550 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Cousin Betty section by section

How to work through Cousin Betty section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Cousin Betty to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Cousin Betty

Words and structures a reader meets early in Cousin Betty, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Michele
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cousin Betty; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Angelo
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cousin Betty; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cajetani
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cousin Betty; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Prince
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cousin Betty; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.