Learn English through classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Cow-Country
Cow-Country

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Cow-Country is here in full — 171 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Cow-Country
Context Illustration Reading 1/34 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.
Call your master, Ezra,” directed a quiet woman voice gone weary and toneless with the heat and two restless children.
Don't beat the poor brute.
He can't go any farther and carry the yoke, much less pull the wagon.”
Ezra dropped the gad and stepped upon the wagon tongue where he might squint into the dust cloud and decide which gray, plodding horseman alongside the herd was Robert Birnie.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Cow-Country

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Cow-Country is here in full — 171 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/34 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.
Line 2
Call your master, Ezra,” directed a quiet woman voice gone weary and toneless with the heat and two restless children.
Line 3
Don't beat the poor brute.
Line 4
He can't go any farther and carry the yoke, much less pull the wagon.”
Line 5
Ezra dropped the gad and stepped upon the wagon tongue where he might squint into the dust cloud and decide which gray, plodding horseman alongside the herd was Robert Birnie.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

acrid adjective US /ˈæk.rɪd/

Having an unpleasantly bitter or pungent taste or smell.

From this reading “In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.”

Ezra noun US /ˈezrə/

a Jewish priest and scribe sent by the Persian king to restore Jewish law and worship in Jerusalem

From this reading ““Call your master, Ezra,” directed a quiet woman voice gone weary and toneless with the heat and two restless children.”

gad noun US /ɡæd/

an anxiety disorder characterized by chronic free-floating anxiety and such symptoms as tension or sweating or trembling or lightheadedness or irritability etc that has lasted for more than six months

From this reading “In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.”

plodding noun US /ˈplɑːdɪŋ/

hard monotonous routine work

From this reading “In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.”

prodded verb US /ˈprɑːdɪd/

inflected form of “prod” — to push against gently

From this reading “In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.”

scramble verb US /ˈskræmbəl/

to move hurriedly

From this reading “In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.”

squint verb US /skwɪnt/

cross one's eyes as if in strabismus

From this reading “Ezra dropped the gad and stepped upon the wagon tongue where he might squint into the dust cloud and decide which gray, plodding horseman alongside the herd was Robert Birnie.”

Staked verb US /steɪkt/

past form of “stake” — put at risk

From this reading “In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.”

All words in this reading · 96

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

acridadjectiveUS /ˈæk.rɪd/

Having an unpleasantly bitter or pungent taste or smell.

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

afternoonnounUS /ˌæftərˈnuːn/

the part of the day between noon and evening

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

alongsideadverbUS /əˈlɔːŋˈsaɪd/

side by side

From this reading Ezra dropped the gad and stepped upon the wagon tongue where he might squint into the dust cloud and decide which gray, plodding horseman alongside the herd was Robert Birnie.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading He can't go any farther and carry the yoke, much less pull the wagon.”

awkwardlyadverbUS /ˈɔːkwərdli/

in an awkward manner

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

beatverbUS /biːt/

come out better in a competition, race, or conflict

From this reading “Don't beat the poor brute.

Birnie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ezra dropped the gad and stepped upon the wagon tongue where he might squint into the dust cloud and decide which gray, plodding horseman alongside the herd was Robert Birnie.

blotnounUS /blɑːt/

a blemish made by dirt

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

blueadjectiveUS /bluː/

of the color intermediate between green and violet; having a color similar to that of a clear unclouded sky

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

brutenounUS /bruːt/

a cruelly rapacious person

From this reading “Don't beat the poor brute.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

CallverbUS /kɔːl/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading “Call your master, Ezra,” directed a quiet woman voice gone weary and toneless with the heat and two restless children.

can't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He can't go any farther and carry the yoke, much less pull the wagon.”

carryverbUS /ˈkæri/

move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading He can't go any farther and carry the yoke, much less pull the wagon.”

childrennounUS /ˈtʃɪldrən/

plural of “child” — a young person of either sex

From this reading “Call your master, Ezra,” directed a quiet woman voice gone weary and toneless with the heat and two restless children.

cloudverbUS /klaʊd/

make overcast or cloudy

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

clovenadjective

(used of hooves) split, divided

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

decideverbUS /ˌdɪˈsaɪd/

reach, make, or come to a decision about something

From this reading Ezra dropped the gad and stepped upon the wagon tongue where he might squint into the dust cloud and decide which gray, plodding horseman alongside the herd was Robert Birnie.

directedadjectiveUS /dərˈektəd/

(often used in combination) having a specified direction

From this reading “Call your master, Ezra,” directed a quiet woman voice gone weary and toneless with the heat and two restless children.

Don't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Don't beat the poor brute.

drivernounUS /ˈdraɪvər/

the operator of a motor vehicle

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

droppedverbUS /drɑːpt/

inflected form of “drop” — let fall to the ground

From this reading Ezra dropped the gad and stepped upon the wagon tongue where he might squint into the dust cloud and decide which gray, plodding horseman alongside the herd was Robert Birnie.

dustverbUS /dʌst/

remove the dust from

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

eightadjectiveUS /eɪt/

being one more than seven

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

EzranounUS /ˈezrə/

a Jewish priest and scribe sent by the Persian king to restore Jewish law and worship in Jerusalem

From this reading “Call your master, Ezra,” directed a quiet woman voice gone weary and toneless with the heat and two restless children.

fartheradjectiveUS /ˈfɑːrðər/

more distant in especially space or time

From this reading He can't go any farther and carry the yoke, much less pull the wagon.”

fellverbUS /fel/

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

formedadjectiveUS /fɔːrmd/

having or given a form or shape

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

gadnounUS /ɡæd/

an anxiety disorder characterized by chronic free-floating anxiety and such symptoms as tension or sweating or trembling or lightheadedness or irritability etc that has lasted for more than six months

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading He can't go any farther and carry the yoke, much less pull the wagon.”

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading “Call your master, Ezra,” directed a quiet woman voice gone weary and toneless with the heat and two restless children.

graynounUS /ɡreɪ/

a neutral achromatic color midway between white and black

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He can't go any farther and carry the yoke, much less pull the wagon.”

heatnounUS /hiːt/

a form of energy that is transferred by a difference in temperature

From this reading “Call your master, Ezra,” directed a quiet woman voice gone weary and toneless with the heat and two restless children.

herdnounUS /hɜːrd/

a group of cattle or sheep or other domestic mammals all of the same kind that are herded by humans

From this reading Ezra dropped the gad and stepped upon the wagon tongue where he might squint into the dust cloud and decide which gray, plodding horseman alongside the herd was Robert Birnie.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

hoofsnounUS /hʊfs/

plural of “hoof” — the foot of an ungulate mammal

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

horsemannounUS /ˈhɔːrsmən/

a man skilled in equitation

From this reading Ezra dropped the gad and stepped upon the wagon tongue where he might squint into the dust cloud and decide which gray, plodding horseman alongside the herd was Robert Birnie.

hotadjectiveUS /hɑːt/

used of physical heat; having a high or higher than desirable temperature or giving off heat or feeling or causing a sensation of heat or burning

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Ezra dropped the gad and stepped upon the wagon tongue where he might squint into the dust cloud and decide which gray, plodding horseman alongside the herd was Robert Birnie.

kickedverbUS /kɪkt/

past form of “kick” — drive or propel with the foot

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading He can't go any farther and carry the yoke, much less pull the wagon.”

listlessadjectiveUS /ˈlɪstləs/

lacking zest or vivacity

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

masternounUS /ˈmæstər/

an artist of consummate skill

From this reading “Call your master, Ezra,” directed a quiet woman voice gone weary and toneless with the heat and two restless children.

midadjectiveUS /mɪd/

used in combination to denote the middle

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Ezra dropped the gad and stepped upon the wagon tongue where he might squint into the dust cloud and decide which gray, plodding horseman alongside the herd was Robert Birnie.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading He can't go any farther and carry the yoke, much less pull the wagon.”

negronounUS /ˈniːɡroʊ/

a person with African ancestry, "Negro" and "Negroid" are archaic and pejorative today

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

oxnounUS /ɑːks/

an adult castrated bull of the genus Bos; especially Bos taurus

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

PlainsnounUS /pleɪnz/

plural of “plain” — extensive tract of level open land

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

ploddingnounUS /ˈplɑːdɪŋ/

hard monotonous routine work

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading “Don't beat the poor brute.

proddedverbUS /ˈprɑːdɪd/

inflected form of “prod” — to push against gently

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

pullverbUS /pʊl/

cause to move by pulling

From this reading He can't go any farther and carry the yoke, much less pull the wagon.”

quietadjectiveUS /ˈkwaɪət/

characterized by an absence or near absence of agitation or activity

From this reading “Call your master, Ezra,” directed a quiet woman voice gone weary and toneless with the heat and two restless children.

refusedverbUS /rəˈfjuːzd/

past form of “refuse” — show unwillingness towards

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

restlessadjectiveUS /ˈrestləs/

worried and uneasy

From this reading “Call your master, Ezra,” directed a quiet woman voice gone weary and toneless with the heat and two restless children.

RobertnounUS /ˈrɑːbərt/

United States parliamentary authority and author (in 1876) of Robert's Rules of Order (1837-1923)

From this reading Ezra dropped the gad and stepped upon the wagon tongue where he might squint into the dust cloud and decide which gray, plodding horseman alongside the herd was Robert Birnie.

scrambleverbUS /ˈskræmbəl/

to move hurriedly

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

shoutedadjectiveUS /ˈʃaʊtɪd/

in a vehement outcry

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

squintverbUS /skwɪnt/

cross one's eyes as if in strabismus

From this reading Ezra dropped the gad and stepped upon the wagon tongue where he might squint into the dust cloud and decide which gray, plodding horseman alongside the herd was Robert Birnie.

StakedverbUS /steɪkt/

past form of “stake” — put at risk

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

steppedverbUS /stept/

inflected form of “step” — shift or move by taking a step

From this reading Ezra dropped the gad and stepped upon the wagon tongue where he might squint into the dust cloud and decide which gray, plodding horseman alongside the herd was Robert Birnie.

stumbledverbUS /ˈstʌmbəld/

past form of “stumble” — walk unsteadily

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

tonelessadjective

lacking in tone or expression

From this reading “Call your master, Ezra,” directed a quiet woman voice gone weary and toneless with the heat and two restless children.

tonguenounUS /tʌŋ/

a mobile mass of muscular tissue covered with mucous membrane and located in the oral cavity

From this reading Ezra dropped the gad and stepped upon the wagon tongue where he might squint into the dust cloud and decide which gray, plodding horseman alongside the herd was Robert Birnie.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading “Call your master, Ezra,” directed a quiet woman voice gone weary and toneless with the heat and two restless children.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Ezra dropped the gad and stepped upon the wagon tongue where he might squint into the dust cloud and decide which gray, plodding horseman alongside the herd was Robert Birnie.

voicenounUS /vɔɪs/

the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech

From this reading “Call your master, Ezra,” directed a quiet woman voice gone weary and toneless with the heat and two restless children.

wagonnounUS /ˈwæɡən/

any of various kinds of wheeled vehicles drawn by an animal or a tractor

From this reading He can't go any farther and carry the yoke, much less pull the wagon.”

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Ezra dropped the gad and stepped upon the wagon tongue where he might squint into the dust cloud and decide which gray, plodding horseman alongside the herd was Robert Birnie.

wearyverbUS /ˈwɪri/

exhaust or get tired through overuse or great strain or stress

From this reading “Call your master, Ezra,” directed a quiet woman voice gone weary and toneless with the heat and two restless children.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Ezra dropped the gad and stepped upon the wagon tongue where he might squint into the dust cloud and decide which gray, plodding horseman alongside the herd was Robert Birnie.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Ezra dropped the gad and stepped upon the wagon tongue where he might squint into the dust cloud and decide which gray, plodding horseman alongside the herd was Robert Birnie.

willownounUS /ˈwɪloʊ/

any of numerous deciduous trees and shrubs of the genus Salix

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

womannounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading “Call your master, Ezra,” directed a quiet woman voice gone weary and toneless with the heat and two restless children.

yokenounUS /joʊk/

fabric comprising a fitted part at the top of a garment

From this reading In hot mid afternoon when the acrid, gray dust cloud kicked up by the listless plodding of eight thousand cloven hoofs formed the only blot on the hard blue above the Staked Plains, an ox stumbled and fell awkwardly under his yoke, and refused to scramble up when his negro driver shouted and prodded him with the end of a willow gad.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading “Call your master, Ezra,” directed a quiet woman voice gone weary and toneless with the heat and two restless children.

Chapter 1 of Cow-Country by B. M. Bower holds 171 sentences, grouped into 35 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Cow-Country contain?

Chapter 1 holds 171 sentences of Cow-Country, unabridged, divided into 35 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Cow-Country by B. M. Bower exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 171 sentences, grouped into 35 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Cow-Country?

Work through the 35 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 35 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Cow-Country

Common questions about reading Cow-Country by B. M. Bower on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Cow-Country?

Yes. All 4134 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1723 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Cow-Country is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1723, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Cow-Country take to read?

About 344 minutes of reading across 827 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Cow-Country section by section

How to work through Cow-Country section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 21 chapters of Cow-Country to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Cow-Country

Words and structures a reader meets early in Cow-Country, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Afternoon
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cow-Country; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Acrid
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cow-Country; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cloud
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cow-Country; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Kicked
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cow-Country; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.