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Cressy & Poictiers
Cressy & Poictiers

Chapter XVIII

Chapter 18 of Cressy & Poictiers is here in full — 111 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/22 · 5 lines
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ARRIVALS About three days before the Feast of All Saints there was much commotion in the camp before Calais.
Everything wore a gayer aspect than on ordinary occasions, and an unwonted degree of excitement lighted up the grim faces of the English soldiery.
In fact, there had just taken place an important arrival in the person of Queen Philippa; and, even had she come alone, the heroine of Neville's Cross would have been received with enthusiasm.
But she was not unaccompanied when she came to Calais; for with her came a great number of ladies, who gladly left England and their homes to see their fathers, husbands, brothers, and kinsmen who were engaged in the siege.
It appears that, so far as the King of Scots was concerned, everything had ultimately been settled to Philippa's satisfaction.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Cressy & Poictiers

Chapter XVIII

Chapter 18 of Cressy & Poictiers is here in full — 111 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/22 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
ARRIVALS About three days before the Feast of All Saints there was much commotion in the camp before Calais.
/ərˈaɪvəlz əˈbaʊt θriː deɪz bɪˈfɔːr ðə fiːst ʌv ɔːl seɪnts ðer wɑːz mʌtʃ kəˈmoʊʃən ɪn ðə kæmp bɪˈfɔːr kəˈleɪ/
Line 2
Everything wore a gayer aspect than on ordinary occasions, and an unwonted degree of excitement lighted up the grim faces of the English soldiery.
Line 3
In fact, there had just taken place an important arrival in the person of Queen Philippa; and, even had she come alone, the heroine of Neville's Cross would have been received with enthusiasm.
Line 4
But she was not unaccompanied when she came to Calais; for with her came a great number of ladies, who gladly left England and their homes to see their fathers, husbands, brothers, and kinsmen who were engaged in the siege.
Line 5
It appears that, so far as the King of Scots was concerned, everything had ultimately been settled to Philippa's satisfaction.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

arrivals noun US /ərˈaɪvəlz/

plural of “arrival” — accomplishment of an objective

From this reading “ARRIVALS About three days before the Feast of All Saints there was much commotion in the camp before Calais.”

Calais noun US /kəˈleɪ/

a town in northern France on the Strait of Dover that serves as a ferry port to England

From this reading “ARRIVALS About three days before the Feast of All Saints there was much commotion in the camp before Calais.”

commotion noun US /kəˈmoʊʃən/

a disorderly outburst or tumult

From this reading “ARRIVALS About three days before the Feast of All Saints there was much commotion in the camp before Calais.”

gayer adjective US /ˈɡeɪər/

comparative of “gay” — bright and pleasant; promoting a feeling of cheer

From this reading “Everything wore a gayer aspect than on ordinary occasions, and an unwonted degree of excitement lighted up the grim faces of the English soldiery.”

heroine noun US /ˈheroʊən/

the main good female character in a work of fiction

From this reading “In fact, there had just taken place an important arrival in the person of Queen Philippa; and, even had she come alone, the heroine of Neville's Cross would have been received with enthusiasm.”

Scots noun US /skɑːts/

the dialect of English used in Scotland

From this reading “It appears that, so far as the King of Scots was concerned, everything had ultimately been settled to Philippa's satisfaction.”

ultimately adverb US /ˈʌltəmətli/

as the end result of a succession or process

From this reading “It appears that, so far as the King of Scots was concerned, everything had ultimately been settled to Philippa's satisfaction.”

unaccompanied adjective US /ˌʌnəˈkʌmpənid/

being without an escort

From this reading “But she was not unaccompanied when she came to Calais; for with her came a great number of ladies, who gladly left England and their homes to see their fathers, husbands, brothers, and kinsmen who were engaged in the siege.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

ordinary occasions noun + noun

In this reading “Everything wore a gayer aspect than on ordinary occasions, and an unwonted degree of excitement lighted up the grim faces of the English soldiery.”

three days noun + noun

In this reading “ARRIVALS About three days before the Feast of All Saints there was much commotion in the camp before Calais.”

taken place adjective + noun

In this reading “In fact, there had just taken place an important arrival in the person of Queen Philippa; and, even had she come alone, the heroine of Neville's Cross would have been received with enthusiasm.”

great number adjective + noun

In this reading “But she was not unaccompanied when she came to Calais; for with her came a great number of ladies, who gladly left England and their homes to see their fathers, husbands, brothers, and kinsmen who were engaged in the siege.”

grim faces adjective + noun counted as “grim face”

In this reading “Everything wore a gayer aspect than on ordinary occasions, and an unwonted degree of excitement lighted up the grim faces of the English soldiery.”

In fact preposition + noun

in reality or actuality

In this reading “In fact, there had just taken place an important arrival in the person of Queen Philippa; and, even had she come alone, the heroine of Neville's Cross would have been received with enthusiasm.”

with enthusiasm preposition + noun

In this reading “In fact, there had just taken place an important arrival in the person of Queen Philippa; and, even had she come alone, the heroine of Neville's Cross would have been received with enthusiasm.”

About three preposition + noun

In this reading “ARRIVALS About three days before the Feast of All Saints there was much commotion in the camp before Calais.”

All words in this reading · 98

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Everything wore a gayer aspect than on ordinary occasions, and an unwonted degree of excitement lighted up the grim faces of the English soldiery.

AboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading ARRIVALS About three days before the Feast of All Saints there was much commotion in the camp before Calais.

AlladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading ARRIVALS About three days before the Feast of All Saints there was much commotion in the camp before Calais.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading In fact, there had just taken place an important arrival in the person of Queen Philippa; and, even had she come alone, the heroine of Neville's Cross would have been received with enthusiasm.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Everything wore a gayer aspect than on ordinary occasions, and an unwonted degree of excitement lighted up the grim faces of the English soldiery.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Everything wore a gayer aspect than on ordinary occasions, and an unwonted degree of excitement lighted up the grim faces of the English soldiery.

appearsverbUS /əˈpɪrz/

third-person singular of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading It appears that, so far as the King of Scots was concerned, everything had ultimately been settled to Philippa's satisfaction.

arrivalnounUS /ərˈaɪvəl/

accomplishment of an objective

From this reading In fact, there had just taken place an important arrival in the person of Queen Philippa; and, even had she come alone, the heroine of Neville's Cross would have been received with enthusiasm.

ARRIVALSnounUS /ərˈaɪvəlz/

plural of “arrival” — accomplishment of an objective

From this reading ARRIVALS About three days before the Feast of All Saints there was much commotion in the camp before Calais.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It appears that, so far as the King of Scots was concerned, everything had ultimately been settled to Philippa's satisfaction.

aspectnounUS /ˈæspekt/

a distinct feature or element in a problem

From this reading Everything wore a gayer aspect than on ordinary occasions, and an unwonted degree of excitement lighted up the grim faces of the English soldiery.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading In fact, there had just taken place an important arrival in the person of Queen Philippa; and, even had she come alone, the heroine of Neville's Cross would have been received with enthusiasm.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading ARRIVALS About three days before the Feast of All Saints there was much commotion in the camp before Calais.

brothersnounUS /ˈbrʌðərz/

plural of “brother” — a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading But she was not unaccompanied when she came to Calais; for with her came a great number of ladies, who gladly left England and their homes to see their fathers, husbands, brothers, and kinsmen who were engaged in the siege.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But she was not unaccompanied when she came to Calais; for with her came a great number of ladies, who gladly left England and their homes to see their fathers, husbands, brothers, and kinsmen who were engaged in the siege.

CalaisnounUS /kəˈleɪ/

a town in northern France on the Strait of Dover that serves as a ferry port to England

From this reading ARRIVALS About three days before the Feast of All Saints there was much commotion in the camp before Calais.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading But she was not unaccompanied when she came to Calais; for with her came a great number of ladies, who gladly left England and their homes to see their fathers, husbands, brothers, and kinsmen who were engaged in the siege.

campnounUS /kæmp/

temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading ARRIVALS About three days before the Feast of All Saints there was much commotion in the camp before Calais.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading In fact, there had just taken place an important arrival in the person of Queen Philippa; and, even had she come alone, the heroine of Neville's Cross would have been received with enthusiasm.

commotionnounUS /kəˈmoʊʃən/

a disorderly outburst or tumult

From this reading ARRIVALS About three days before the Feast of All Saints there was much commotion in the camp before Calais.

concernedadjectiveUS /kənˈsɜːrnd/

feeling or showing worry or solicitude

From this reading It appears that, so far as the King of Scots was concerned, everything had ultimately been settled to Philippa's satisfaction.

CrossverbUS /krɔːs/

travel across or pass over

From this reading In fact, there had just taken place an important arrival in the person of Queen Philippa; and, even had she come alone, the heroine of Neville's Cross would have been received with enthusiasm.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading ARRIVALS About three days before the Feast of All Saints there was much commotion in the camp before Calais.

degreenounUS /dɪˈɡriː/

a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading Everything wore a gayer aspect than on ordinary occasions, and an unwonted degree of excitement lighted up the grim faces of the English soldiery.

engagedadjectiveUS /enˈɡeɪdʒd/

having ones attention or mind or energy engaged

From this reading But she was not unaccompanied when she came to Calais; for with her came a great number of ladies, who gladly left England and their homes to see their fathers, husbands, brothers, and kinsmen who were engaged in the siege.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading But she was not unaccompanied when she came to Calais; for with her came a great number of ladies, who gladly left England and their homes to see their fathers, husbands, brothers, and kinsmen who were engaged in the siege.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading Everything wore a gayer aspect than on ordinary occasions, and an unwonted degree of excitement lighted up the grim faces of the English soldiery.

enthusiasmnounUS /ɪnˈθuːziæzəm/

a feeling of excitement

From this reading In fact, there had just taken place an important arrival in the person of Queen Philippa; and, even had she come alone, the heroine of Neville's Cross would have been received with enthusiasm.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading In fact, there had just taken place an important arrival in the person of Queen Philippa; and, even had she come alone, the heroine of Neville's Cross would have been received with enthusiasm.

EverythingpronounUS /ˈevriθɪŋ/

all things; all of a situation

From this reading Everything wore a gayer aspect than on ordinary occasions, and an unwonted degree of excitement lighted up the grim faces of the English soldiery.

excitementnounUS /ɪkˈsaɪtmənt/

the feeling of lively and cheerful joy

From this reading Everything wore a gayer aspect than on ordinary occasions, and an unwonted degree of excitement lighted up the grim faces of the English soldiery.

facesnounUS /ˈfeɪsəz/

plural of “face” — the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading Everything wore a gayer aspect than on ordinary occasions, and an unwonted degree of excitement lighted up the grim faces of the English soldiery.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading In fact, there had just taken place an important arrival in the person of Queen Philippa; and, even had she come alone, the heroine of Neville's Cross would have been received with enthusiasm.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading It appears that, so far as the King of Scots was concerned, everything had ultimately been settled to Philippa's satisfaction.

fathersnounUS /ˈfɑːðərz/

plural of “father” — a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading But she was not unaccompanied when she came to Calais; for with her came a great number of ladies, who gladly left England and their homes to see their fathers, husbands, brothers, and kinsmen who were engaged in the siege.

FeastnounUS /fiːst/

a ceremonial dinner party for many people

From this reading ARRIVALS About three days before the Feast of All Saints there was much commotion in the camp before Calais.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading But she was not unaccompanied when she came to Calais; for with her came a great number of ladies, who gladly left England and their homes to see their fathers, husbands, brothers, and kinsmen who were engaged in the siege.

gayeradjectiveUS /ˈɡeɪər/

comparative of “gay” — bright and pleasant; promoting a feeling of cheer

From this reading Everything wore a gayer aspect than on ordinary occasions, and an unwonted degree of excitement lighted up the grim faces of the English soldiery.

gladlyadverbUS /ˈɡlædli/

in a willing manner

From this reading But she was not unaccompanied when she came to Calais; for with her came a great number of ladies, who gladly left England and their homes to see their fathers, husbands, brothers, and kinsmen who were engaged in the siege.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading But she was not unaccompanied when she came to Calais; for with her came a great number of ladies, who gladly left England and their homes to see their fathers, husbands, brothers, and kinsmen who were engaged in the siege.

grimadjectiveUS /ɡrɪm/

not to be placated or appeased or moved by entreaty

From this reading Everything wore a gayer aspect than on ordinary occasions, and an unwonted degree of excitement lighted up the grim faces of the English soldiery.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading In fact, there had just taken place an important arrival in the person of Queen Philippa; and, even had she come alone, the heroine of Neville's Cross would have been received with enthusiasm.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading In fact, there had just taken place an important arrival in the person of Queen Philippa; and, even had she come alone, the heroine of Neville's Cross would have been received with enthusiasm.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading But she was not unaccompanied when she came to Calais; for with her came a great number of ladies, who gladly left England and their homes to see their fathers, husbands, brothers, and kinsmen who were engaged in the siege.

heroinenounUS /ˈheroʊən/

the main good female character in a work of fiction

From this reading In fact, there had just taken place an important arrival in the person of Queen Philippa; and, even had she come alone, the heroine of Neville's Cross would have been received with enthusiasm.

homesnounUS /hoʊmz/

plural of “home” — where you live at a particular time

From this reading But she was not unaccompanied when she came to Calais; for with her came a great number of ladies, who gladly left England and their homes to see their fathers, husbands, brothers, and kinsmen who were engaged in the siege.

husbandsnounUS /ˈhʌzbəndz/

plural of “husband” — a married man; a woman's partner in marriage

From this reading But she was not unaccompanied when she came to Calais; for with her came a great number of ladies, who gladly left England and their homes to see their fathers, husbands, brothers, and kinsmen who were engaged in the siege.

importantadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt/

of great significance or value

From this reading In fact, there had just taken place an important arrival in the person of Queen Philippa; and, even had she come alone, the heroine of Neville's Cross would have been received with enthusiasm.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading ARRIVALS About three days before the Feast of All Saints there was much commotion in the camp before Calais.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It appears that, so far as the King of Scots was concerned, everything had ultimately been settled to Philippa's satisfaction.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading In fact, there had just taken place an important arrival in the person of Queen Philippa; and, even had she come alone, the heroine of Neville's Cross would have been received with enthusiasm.

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading It appears that, so far as the King of Scots was concerned, everything had ultimately been settled to Philippa's satisfaction.

kinsmen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But she was not unaccompanied when she came to Calais; for with her came a great number of ladies, who gladly left England and their homes to see their fathers, husbands, brothers, and kinsmen who were engaged in the siege.

ladiesnounUS /ˈleɪdiz/

plural of “lady” — a polite name for any woman

From this reading But she was not unaccompanied when she came to Calais; for with her came a great number of ladies, who gladly left England and their homes to see their fathers, husbands, brothers, and kinsmen who were engaged in the siege.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading But she was not unaccompanied when she came to Calais; for with her came a great number of ladies, who gladly left England and their homes to see their fathers, husbands, brothers, and kinsmen who were engaged in the siege.

lightedadjectiveUS /ˈlaɪtəd/

set afire or burning

From this reading Everything wore a gayer aspect than on ordinary occasions, and an unwonted degree of excitement lighted up the grim faces of the English soldiery.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading ARRIVALS About three days before the Feast of All Saints there was much commotion in the camp before Calais.

Neville's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In fact, there had just taken place an important arrival in the person of Queen Philippa; and, even had she come alone, the heroine of Neville's Cross would have been received with enthusiasm.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading But she was not unaccompanied when she came to Calais; for with her came a great number of ladies, who gladly left England and their homes to see their fathers, husbands, brothers, and kinsmen who were engaged in the siege.

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading But she was not unaccompanied when she came to Calais; for with her came a great number of ladies, who gladly left England and their homes to see their fathers, husbands, brothers, and kinsmen who were engaged in the siege.

occasionsnounUS /əˈkeɪʒənz/

something you have to do

From this reading Everything wore a gayer aspect than on ordinary occasions, and an unwonted degree of excitement lighted up the grim faces of the English soldiery.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading ARRIVALS About three days before the Feast of All Saints there was much commotion in the camp before Calais.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Everything wore a gayer aspect than on ordinary occasions, and an unwonted degree of excitement lighted up the grim faces of the English soldiery.

ordinarynounUS /ˈɔːrdəneri/

a judge of a probate court

From this reading Everything wore a gayer aspect than on ordinary occasions, and an unwonted degree of excitement lighted up the grim faces of the English soldiery.

personnounUS /ˈpɜːrsən/

a human being

From this reading In fact, there had just taken place an important arrival in the person of Queen Philippa; and, even had she come alone, the heroine of Neville's Cross would have been received with enthusiasm.

Philippa

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In fact, there had just taken place an important arrival in the person of Queen Philippa; and, even had she come alone, the heroine of Neville's Cross would have been received with enthusiasm.

Philippa's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It appears that, so far as the King of Scots was concerned, everything had ultimately been settled to Philippa's satisfaction.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading In fact, there had just taken place an important arrival in the person of Queen Philippa; and, even had she come alone, the heroine of Neville's Cross would have been received with enthusiasm.

QueennounUS /kwiːn/

the only fertile female in a colony of social insects such as bees and ants and termites; its function is to lay eggs

From this reading In fact, there had just taken place an important arrival in the person of Queen Philippa; and, even had she come alone, the heroine of Neville's Cross would have been received with enthusiasm.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading In fact, there had just taken place an important arrival in the person of Queen Philippa; and, even had she come alone, the heroine of Neville's Cross would have been received with enthusiasm.

SaintsnounUS /seɪnts/

plural of “saint” — a person who has died and has been declared a saint by canonization

From this reading ARRIVALS About three days before the Feast of All Saints there was much commotion in the camp before Calais.

satisfactionnounUS /ˌsætəˈsfækʃən/

the contentment one feels when one has fulfilled a desire, need, or expectation

From this reading It appears that, so far as the King of Scots was concerned, everything had ultimately been settled to Philippa's satisfaction.

ScotsnounUS /skɑːts/

the dialect of English used in Scotland

From this reading It appears that, so far as the King of Scots was concerned, everything had ultimately been settled to Philippa's satisfaction.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading But she was not unaccompanied when she came to Calais; for with her came a great number of ladies, who gladly left England and their homes to see their fathers, husbands, brothers, and kinsmen who were engaged in the siege.

settledadjectiveUS /ˈsetəld/

established or decided beyond dispute or doubt

From this reading It appears that, so far as the King of Scots was concerned, everything had ultimately been settled to Philippa's satisfaction.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading In fact, there had just taken place an important arrival in the person of Queen Philippa; and, even had she come alone, the heroine of Neville's Cross would have been received with enthusiasm.

siegenounUS /siːdʒ/

the action of an armed force that surrounds a fortified place and isolates it while continuing to attack

From this reading But she was not unaccompanied when she came to Calais; for with her came a great number of ladies, who gladly left England and their homes to see their fathers, husbands, brothers, and kinsmen who were engaged in the siege.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading It appears that, so far as the King of Scots was concerned, everything had ultimately been settled to Philippa's satisfaction.

soldierynoun

soldiers collectively

From this reading Everything wore a gayer aspect than on ordinary occasions, and an unwonted degree of excitement lighted up the grim faces of the English soldiery.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading In fact, there had just taken place an important arrival in the person of Queen Philippa; and, even had she come alone, the heroine of Neville's Cross would have been received with enthusiasm.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Everything wore a gayer aspect than on ordinary occasions, and an unwonted degree of excitement lighted up the grim faces of the English soldiery.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It appears that, so far as the King of Scots was concerned, everything had ultimately been settled to Philippa's satisfaction.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading ARRIVALS About three days before the Feast of All Saints there was much commotion in the camp before Calais.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading But she was not unaccompanied when she came to Calais; for with her came a great number of ladies, who gladly left England and their homes to see their fathers, husbands, brothers, and kinsmen who were engaged in the siege.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading ARRIVALS About three days before the Feast of All Saints there was much commotion in the camp before Calais.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading ARRIVALS About three days before the Feast of All Saints there was much commotion in the camp before Calais.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading But she was not unaccompanied when she came to Calais; for with her came a great number of ladies, who gladly left England and their homes to see their fathers, husbands, brothers, and kinsmen who were engaged in the siege.

ultimatelyadverbUS /ˈʌltəmətli/

as the end result of a succession or process

From this reading It appears that, so far as the King of Scots was concerned, everything had ultimately been settled to Philippa's satisfaction.

unaccompaniedadjectiveUS /ˌʌnəˈkʌmpənid/

being without an escort

From this reading But she was not unaccompanied when she came to Calais; for with her came a great number of ladies, who gladly left England and their homes to see their fathers, husbands, brothers, and kinsmen who were engaged in the siege.

unwontedadjective

unaccustomed or unusual

From this reading Everything wore a gayer aspect than on ordinary occasions, and an unwonted degree of excitement lighted up the grim faces of the English soldiery.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Everything wore a gayer aspect than on ordinary occasions, and an unwonted degree of excitement lighted up the grim faces of the English soldiery.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading ARRIVALS About three days before the Feast of All Saints there was much commotion in the camp before Calais.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading But she was not unaccompanied when she came to Calais; for with her came a great number of ladies, who gladly left England and their homes to see their fathers, husbands, brothers, and kinsmen who were engaged in the siege.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading But she was not unaccompanied when she came to Calais; for with her came a great number of ladies, who gladly left England and their homes to see their fathers, husbands, brothers, and kinsmen who were engaged in the siege.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading But she was not unaccompanied when she came to Calais; for with her came a great number of ladies, who gladly left England and their homes to see their fathers, husbands, brothers, and kinsmen who were engaged in the siege.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading In fact, there had just taken place an important arrival in the person of Queen Philippa; and, even had she come alone, the heroine of Neville's Cross would have been received with enthusiasm.

woreverbUS /wɔːr/

inflected form of “wear” — be dressed in

From this reading Everything wore a gayer aspect than on ordinary occasions, and an unwonted degree of excitement lighted up the grim faces of the English soldiery.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading In fact, there had just taken place an important arrival in the person of Queen Philippa; and, even had she come alone, the heroine of Neville's Cross would have been received with enthusiasm.

Chapter 18 of Cressy & Poictiers by John G. (John George) Edgar holds 111 sentences, grouped into 23 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 18 of Cressy & Poictiers contain?

Chapter 18 holds 111 sentences of Cressy & Poictiers, unabridged, divided into 23 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 18 of Cressy & Poictiers by John G. (John George) Edgar exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 111 sentences, grouped into 23 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 18 of Cressy & Poictiers?

Work through the 23 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 23 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 18 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 18 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Cressy & Poictiers

Common questions about reading Cressy & Poictiers by John G. (John George) Edgar on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Cressy & Poictiers?

Yes. All 3515 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #45819 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Cressy & Poictiers is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #45819, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Cressy & Poictiers take to read?

About 292 minutes of reading across 703 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Cressy & Poictiers section by section

How to work through Cressy & Poictiers section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Cressy & Poictiers to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Cressy & Poictiers

Words and structures a reader meets early in Cressy & Poictiers, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Https
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cressy & Poictiers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Introduction
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cressy & Poictiers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ernest
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cressy & Poictiers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Styles
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cressy & Poictiers; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.