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Crime and Its Causes
Crime and Its Causes

Chapter V · Chapter 5

Chapter 5 of Crime and Its Causes is here in full — 175 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/35 · 5 lines
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POVERTY AND CRIME.
Having analysed the part played by destitution in the production of crime, the cognate question of the extent to which poverty is responsible for it will now be considered.
If actual destitution does not count for very much in producing criminals, it may be that poverty makes up the difference, and that the great bulk of delinquency, if not the whole of it, arises from the combined operation of these two economic factors.
We have examined one of them, let us now go on to the other.
As this examination will have to be conducted from several different points of view which, for the sake of clearness, it will be expedient to consider one by one, I shall begin by inquiring what light international statistics are capable of throwing on the relations between poverty and crime.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Crime and Its Causes

Chapter V · Chapter 5

Chapter 5 of Crime and Its Causes is here in full — 175 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/35 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
POVERTY AND CRIME.
/ˈpɑːvərti ənd kraɪm/
Line 2
Having analysed the part played by destitution in the production of crime, the cognate question of the extent to which poverty is responsible for it will now be considered.
Line 3
If actual destitution does not count for very much in producing criminals, it may be that poverty makes up the difference, and that the great bulk of delinquency, if not the whole of it, arises from the combined operation of these two economic factors.
/ɪf ˈæktʃəwəl ˈdestətuːʃən dʌz nɑːt kaʊnt fɔːr ˈveri mʌtʃ ɪn prəˈduːsɪŋ ˈkrɪmənəlz ɪt meɪ biː ðæt ˈpɑːvərti meɪks ʌp ðə ˈdɪfərəns ənd ðæt ðə ɡreɪt bʌlk ʌv dɪˈlɪŋkwənsi ɪf nɑːt ðə hoʊl ʌv ɪt ərˈaɪzəz frʌm ðə kəmˈbaɪnd ˌɑːpərˈeɪʃən ʌv ðiːz tuː ˌekəˈnɑːmɪk ˈfæktərz/
Line 4
We have examined one of them, let us now go on to the other.
/wiː hæv ɪɡˈzæmənd wʌn ʌv ðem let ʌs naʊ ɡoʊ ɑːn tuː ðə ˈʌðər/
Line 5
As this examination will have to be conducted from several different points of view which, for the sake of clearness, it will be expedient to consider one by one, I shall begin by inquiring what light international statistics are capable of throwing on the relations between poverty and crime.
/æz ðɪs ɪɡˌzæməˈneɪʃən wɪl hæv tuː biː kənˈdʌktəd frʌm ˈsevrəl ˈdɪfərənt pɔɪnts ʌv vjuː wɪtʃ fɔːr ðə seɪk ʌv ˈklɪrnəs ɪt wɪl biː ɪkˈspiːdiənt tuː kənˈsɪdər wʌn baɪ wʌn aɪ ʃæl bɪˈɡɪn baɪ ˌɪnˈkwaɪərɪŋ wʌt laɪt ˌɪntərˈnæʃənəl stəˈtɪstɪks ɑːr ˈkeɪpəbəl ʌv ˈθroʊɪŋ ɑːn ðə riˈleɪʃənz bɪˈtwiːn ˈpɑːvərti ənd kraɪm/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

arises verb US /ərˈaɪzəz/

third-person singular of “arise” — come into existence; take on form or shape

From this reading “If actual destitution does not count for very much in producing criminals, it may be that poverty makes up the difference, and that the great bulk of delinquency, if not the whole of it, arises from the combined operation of these two economic factors.”

delinquency noun US /dɪˈlɪŋkwənsi/

nonpayment of a debt when due

From this reading “If actual destitution does not count for very much in producing criminals, it may be that poverty makes up the difference, and that the great bulk of delinquency, if not the whole of it, arises from the combined operation of these two economic factors.”

destitution noun US /ˈdestətuːʃən/

a state without friends or money or prospects

From this reading “Having analysed the part played by destitution in the production of crime, the cognate question of the extent to which poverty is responsible for it will now be considered.”

economic adjective US /ˌekəˈnɑːmɪk/

of or relating to an economy, the system of production and management of material wealth

From this reading “If actual destitution does not count for very much in producing criminals, it may be that poverty makes up the difference, and that the great bulk of delinquency, if not the whole of it, arises from the combined operation of these two economic factors.”

expedient adjective US /ɪkˈspiːdiənt/

serving to promote your interest

From this reading “As this examination will have to be conducted from several different points of view which, for the sake of clearness, it will be expedient to consider one by one, I shall begin by inquiring what light international statistics are capable of throwing on the relations between poverty and crime.”

factors noun US /ˈfæktərz/

plural of “factor” — anything that contributes causally to a result

From this reading “If actual destitution does not count for very much in producing criminals, it may be that poverty makes up the difference, and that the great bulk of delinquency, if not the whole of it, arises from the combined operation of these two economic factors.”

international adjective US /ˌɪntərˈnæʃənəl/

concerning or belonging to all or at least two or more nations

From this reading “As this examination will have to be conducted from several different points of view which, for the sake of clearness, it will be expedient to consider one by one, I shall begin by inquiring what light international statistics are capable of throwing on the relations between poverty and crime.”

statistics noun US /stəˈtɪstɪks/

a branch of applied mathematics concerned with the collection and interpretation of quantitative data and the use of probability theory to estimate population parameters

From this reading “As this examination will have to be conducted from several different points of view which, for the sake of clearness, it will be expedient to consider one by one, I shall begin by inquiring what light international statistics are capable of throwing on the relations between poverty and crime.”

All words in this reading · 87

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

actualadjectiveUS /ˈæktʃəwəl/

presently existing in fact and not merely potential or possible

From this reading If actual destitution does not count for very much in producing criminals, it may be that poverty makes up the difference, and that the great bulk of delinquency, if not the whole of it, arises from the combined operation of these two economic factors.

analysed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Having analysed the part played by destitution in the production of crime, the cognate question of the extent to which poverty is responsible for it will now be considered.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading POVERTY AND CRIME.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading As this examination will have to be conducted from several different points of view which, for the sake of clearness, it will be expedient to consider one by one, I shall begin by inquiring what light international statistics are capable of throwing on the relations between poverty and crime.

arisesverbUS /ərˈaɪzəz/

third-person singular of “arise” — come into existence; take on form or shape

From this reading If actual destitution does not count for very much in producing criminals, it may be that poverty makes up the difference, and that the great bulk of delinquency, if not the whole of it, arises from the combined operation of these two economic factors.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As this examination will have to be conducted from several different points of view which, for the sake of clearness, it will be expedient to consider one by one, I shall begin by inquiring what light international statistics are capable of throwing on the relations between poverty and crime.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Having analysed the part played by destitution in the production of crime, the cognate question of the extent to which poverty is responsible for it will now be considered.

beginverbUS /bɪˈɡɪn/

take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading As this examination will have to be conducted from several different points of view which, for the sake of clearness, it will be expedient to consider one by one, I shall begin by inquiring what light international statistics are capable of throwing on the relations between poverty and crime.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading As this examination will have to be conducted from several different points of view which, for the sake of clearness, it will be expedient to consider one by one, I shall begin by inquiring what light international statistics are capable of throwing on the relations between poverty and crime.

bulknounUS /bʌlk/

the property resulting from being or relating to the greater in number of two parts; the main part

From this reading If actual destitution does not count for very much in producing criminals, it may be that poverty makes up the difference, and that the great bulk of delinquency, if not the whole of it, arises from the combined operation of these two economic factors.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Having analysed the part played by destitution in the production of crime, the cognate question of the extent to which poverty is responsible for it will now be considered.

capableadjectiveUS /ˈkeɪpəbəl/

(usually followed by “of”) having capacity or ability

From this reading As this examination will have to be conducted from several different points of view which, for the sake of clearness, it will be expedient to consider one by one, I shall begin by inquiring what light international statistics are capable of throwing on the relations between poverty and crime.

clearnessnounUS /ˈklɪrnəs/

free from obscurity and easy to understand; the comprehensibility of clear expression

From this reading As this examination will have to be conducted from several different points of view which, for the sake of clearness, it will be expedient to consider one by one, I shall begin by inquiring what light international statistics are capable of throwing on the relations between poverty and crime.

cognateadjective

related in nature

From this reading Having analysed the part played by destitution in the production of crime, the cognate question of the extent to which poverty is responsible for it will now be considered.

combinedadjectiveUS /kəmˈbaɪnd/

made or joined or united into one

From this reading If actual destitution does not count for very much in producing criminals, it may be that poverty makes up the difference, and that the great bulk of delinquency, if not the whole of it, arises from the combined operation of these two economic factors.

conductedverbUS /kənˈdʌktəd/

past form of “conduct” — direct the course of; manage or control

From this reading As this examination will have to be conducted from several different points of view which, for the sake of clearness, it will be expedient to consider one by one, I shall begin by inquiring what light international statistics are capable of throwing on the relations between poverty and crime.

considerverbUS /kənˈsɪdər/

deem to be

From this reading As this examination will have to be conducted from several different points of view which, for the sake of clearness, it will be expedient to consider one by one, I shall begin by inquiring what light international statistics are capable of throwing on the relations between poverty and crime.

consideredadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərd/

carefully weighed

From this reading Having analysed the part played by destitution in the production of crime, the cognate question of the extent to which poverty is responsible for it will now be considered.

countverbUS /kaʊnt/

determine the number or amount of

From this reading If actual destitution does not count for very much in producing criminals, it may be that poverty makes up the difference, and that the great bulk of delinquency, if not the whole of it, arises from the combined operation of these two economic factors.

CRIMEnounUS /kraɪm/

(criminal law) an act punishable by law; usually considered an evil act

From this reading POVERTY AND CRIME.

criminalsnounUS /ˈkrɪmənəlz/

plural of “criminal” — someone who has committed a crime or has been legally convicted of a crime

From this reading If actual destitution does not count for very much in producing criminals, it may be that poverty makes up the difference, and that the great bulk of delinquency, if not the whole of it, arises from the combined operation of these two economic factors.

delinquencynounUS /dɪˈlɪŋkwənsi/

nonpayment of a debt when due

From this reading If actual destitution does not count for very much in producing criminals, it may be that poverty makes up the difference, and that the great bulk of delinquency, if not the whole of it, arises from the combined operation of these two economic factors.

destitutionnounUS /ˈdestətuːʃən/

a state without friends or money or prospects

From this reading Having analysed the part played by destitution in the production of crime, the cognate question of the extent to which poverty is responsible for it will now be considered.

differencenounUS /ˈdɪfərəns/

the quality of being unlike or dissimilar

From this reading If actual destitution does not count for very much in producing criminals, it may be that poverty makes up the difference, and that the great bulk of delinquency, if not the whole of it, arises from the combined operation of these two economic factors.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading As this examination will have to be conducted from several different points of view which, for the sake of clearness, it will be expedient to consider one by one, I shall begin by inquiring what light international statistics are capable of throwing on the relations between poverty and crime.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading If actual destitution does not count for very much in producing criminals, it may be that poverty makes up the difference, and that the great bulk of delinquency, if not the whole of it, arises from the combined operation of these two economic factors.

economicadjectiveUS /ˌekəˈnɑːmɪk/

of or relating to an economy, the system of production and management of material wealth

From this reading If actual destitution does not count for very much in producing criminals, it may be that poverty makes up the difference, and that the great bulk of delinquency, if not the whole of it, arises from the combined operation of these two economic factors.

examinationnounUS /ɪɡˌzæməˈneɪʃən/

the act of examining something closely (as for mistakes)

From this reading As this examination will have to be conducted from several different points of view which, for the sake of clearness, it will be expedient to consider one by one, I shall begin by inquiring what light international statistics are capable of throwing on the relations between poverty and crime.

examinedverbUS /ɪɡˈzæmənd/

past form of “examine” — consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning

From this reading We have examined one of them, let us now go on to the other.

expedientadjectiveUS /ɪkˈspiːdiənt/

serving to promote your interest

From this reading As this examination will have to be conducted from several different points of view which, for the sake of clearness, it will be expedient to consider one by one, I shall begin by inquiring what light international statistics are capable of throwing on the relations between poverty and crime.

extentnounUS /ɪkˈstent/

the point or degree to which something extends

From this reading Having analysed the part played by destitution in the production of crime, the cognate question of the extent to which poverty is responsible for it will now be considered.

factorsnounUS /ˈfæktərz/

plural of “factor” — anything that contributes causally to a result

From this reading If actual destitution does not count for very much in producing criminals, it may be that poverty makes up the difference, and that the great bulk of delinquency, if not the whole of it, arises from the combined operation of these two economic factors.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Having analysed the part played by destitution in the production of crime, the cognate question of the extent to which poverty is responsible for it will now be considered.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading If actual destitution does not count for very much in producing criminals, it may be that poverty makes up the difference, and that the great bulk of delinquency, if not the whole of it, arises from the combined operation of these two economic factors.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading We have examined one of them, let us now go on to the other.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading If actual destitution does not count for very much in producing criminals, it may be that poverty makes up the difference, and that the great bulk of delinquency, if not the whole of it, arises from the combined operation of these two economic factors.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading We have examined one of them, let us now go on to the other.

Havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading Having analysed the part played by destitution in the production of crime, the cognate question of the extent to which poverty is responsible for it will now be considered.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading As this examination will have to be conducted from several different points of view which, for the sake of clearness, it will be expedient to consider one by one, I shall begin by inquiring what light international statistics are capable of throwing on the relations between poverty and crime.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If actual destitution does not count for very much in producing criminals, it may be that poverty makes up the difference, and that the great bulk of delinquency, if not the whole of it, arises from the combined operation of these two economic factors.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Having analysed the part played by destitution in the production of crime, the cognate question of the extent to which poverty is responsible for it will now be considered.

inquiringadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkwaɪərɪŋ/

given to inquiry

From this reading As this examination will have to be conducted from several different points of view which, for the sake of clearness, it will be expedient to consider one by one, I shall begin by inquiring what light international statistics are capable of throwing on the relations between poverty and crime.

internationaladjectiveUS /ˌɪntərˈnæʃənəl/

concerning or belonging to all or at least two or more nations

From this reading As this examination will have to be conducted from several different points of view which, for the sake of clearness, it will be expedient to consider one by one, I shall begin by inquiring what light international statistics are capable of throwing on the relations between poverty and crime.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Having analysed the part played by destitution in the production of crime, the cognate question of the extent to which poverty is responsible for it will now be considered.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Having analysed the part played by destitution in the production of crime, the cognate question of the extent to which poverty is responsible for it will now be considered.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading We have examined one of them, let us now go on to the other.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading As this examination will have to be conducted from several different points of view which, for the sake of clearness, it will be expedient to consider one by one, I shall begin by inquiring what light international statistics are capable of throwing on the relations between poverty and crime.

makesnounUS /meɪks/

plural of “make” — a recognizable kind

From this reading If actual destitution does not count for very much in producing criminals, it may be that poverty makes up the difference, and that the great bulk of delinquency, if not the whole of it, arises from the combined operation of these two economic factors.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading If actual destitution does not count for very much in producing criminals, it may be that poverty makes up the difference, and that the great bulk of delinquency, if not the whole of it, arises from the combined operation of these two economic factors.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading If actual destitution does not count for very much in producing criminals, it may be that poverty makes up the difference, and that the great bulk of delinquency, if not the whole of it, arises from the combined operation of these two economic factors.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading If actual destitution does not count for very much in producing criminals, it may be that poverty makes up the difference, and that the great bulk of delinquency, if not the whole of it, arises from the combined operation of these two economic factors.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Having analysed the part played by destitution in the production of crime, the cognate question of the extent to which poverty is responsible for it will now be considered.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Having analysed the part played by destitution in the production of crime, the cognate question of the extent to which poverty is responsible for it will now be considered.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading We have examined one of them, let us now go on to the other.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading We have examined one of them, let us now go on to the other.

operationnounUS /ˌɑːpərˈeɪʃən/

the state of being in effect or being operative

From this reading If actual destitution does not count for very much in producing criminals, it may be that poverty makes up the difference, and that the great bulk of delinquency, if not the whole of it, arises from the combined operation of these two economic factors.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading We have examined one of them, let us now go on to the other.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading Having analysed the part played by destitution in the production of crime, the cognate question of the extent to which poverty is responsible for it will now be considered.

playedadjectiveUS /pleɪd/

(of games) engaged in

From this reading Having analysed the part played by destitution in the production of crime, the cognate question of the extent to which poverty is responsible for it will now be considered.

pointsnounUS /pɔɪnts/

plural of “point” — a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading As this examination will have to be conducted from several different points of view which, for the sake of clearness, it will be expedient to consider one by one, I shall begin by inquiring what light international statistics are capable of throwing on the relations between poverty and crime.

POVERTYnounUS /ˈpɑːvərti/

the state of having little or no money and few or no material possessions

From this reading POVERTY AND CRIME.

producingverbUS /prəˈduːsɪŋ/

-ing form of “produce” — bring forth or yield

From this reading If actual destitution does not count for very much in producing criminals, it may be that poverty makes up the difference, and that the great bulk of delinquency, if not the whole of it, arises from the combined operation of these two economic factors.

productionnounUS /prəˈdʌkʃən/

the act or process of producing something

From this reading Having analysed the part played by destitution in the production of crime, the cognate question of the extent to which poverty is responsible for it will now be considered.

questionverbUS /ˈkwestʃən/

challenge the accuracy, probity, or propriety of

From this reading Having analysed the part played by destitution in the production of crime, the cognate question of the extent to which poverty is responsible for it will now be considered.

relationsnounUS /riˈleɪʃənz/

mutual dealings or connections or communications among persons or groups

From this reading As this examination will have to be conducted from several different points of view which, for the sake of clearness, it will be expedient to consider one by one, I shall begin by inquiring what light international statistics are capable of throwing on the relations between poverty and crime.

responsibleadjectiveUS /riˈspɑːnsəbəl/

worthy of or requiring responsibility or trust; or held accountable

From this reading Having analysed the part played by destitution in the production of crime, the cognate question of the extent to which poverty is responsible for it will now be considered.

sakenounUS /seɪk/

a reason for wanting something done

From this reading As this examination will have to be conducted from several different points of view which, for the sake of clearness, it will be expedient to consider one by one, I shall begin by inquiring what light international statistics are capable of throwing on the relations between poverty and crime.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading As this examination will have to be conducted from several different points of view which, for the sake of clearness, it will be expedient to consider one by one, I shall begin by inquiring what light international statistics are capable of throwing on the relations between poverty and crime.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading As this examination will have to be conducted from several different points of view which, for the sake of clearness, it will be expedient to consider one by one, I shall begin by inquiring what light international statistics are capable of throwing on the relations between poverty and crime.

statisticsnounUS /stəˈtɪstɪks/

a branch of applied mathematics concerned with the collection and interpretation of quantitative data and the use of probability theory to estimate population parameters

From this reading As this examination will have to be conducted from several different points of view which, for the sake of clearness, it will be expedient to consider one by one, I shall begin by inquiring what light international statistics are capable of throwing on the relations between poverty and crime.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading If actual destitution does not count for very much in producing criminals, it may be that poverty makes up the difference, and that the great bulk of delinquency, if not the whole of it, arises from the combined operation of these two economic factors.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Having analysed the part played by destitution in the production of crime, the cognate question of the extent to which poverty is responsible for it will now be considered.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading We have examined one of them, let us now go on to the other.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading If actual destitution does not count for very much in producing criminals, it may be that poverty makes up the difference, and that the great bulk of delinquency, if not the whole of it, arises from the combined operation of these two economic factors.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading As this examination will have to be conducted from several different points of view which, for the sake of clearness, it will be expedient to consider one by one, I shall begin by inquiring what light international statistics are capable of throwing on the relations between poverty and crime.

throwingverbUS /ˈθroʊɪŋ/

-ing form of “throw” — propel through the air

From this reading As this examination will have to be conducted from several different points of view which, for the sake of clearness, it will be expedient to consider one by one, I shall begin by inquiring what light international statistics are capable of throwing on the relations between poverty and crime.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Having analysed the part played by destitution in the production of crime, the cognate question of the extent to which poverty is responsible for it will now be considered.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading If actual destitution does not count for very much in producing criminals, it may be that poverty makes up the difference, and that the great bulk of delinquency, if not the whole of it, arises from the combined operation of these two economic factors.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading If actual destitution does not count for very much in producing criminals, it may be that poverty makes up the difference, and that the great bulk of delinquency, if not the whole of it, arises from the combined operation of these two economic factors.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading We have examined one of them, let us now go on to the other.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading If actual destitution does not count for very much in producing criminals, it may be that poverty makes up the difference, and that the great bulk of delinquency, if not the whole of it, arises from the combined operation of these two economic factors.

viewnounUS /vjuː/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading As this examination will have to be conducted from several different points of view which, for the sake of clearness, it will be expedient to consider one by one, I shall begin by inquiring what light international statistics are capable of throwing on the relations between poverty and crime.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We have examined one of them, let us now go on to the other.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading As this examination will have to be conducted from several different points of view which, for the sake of clearness, it will be expedient to consider one by one, I shall begin by inquiring what light international statistics are capable of throwing on the relations between poverty and crime.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Having analysed the part played by destitution in the production of crime, the cognate question of the extent to which poverty is responsible for it will now be considered.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading If actual destitution does not count for very much in producing criminals, it may be that poverty makes up the difference, and that the great bulk of delinquency, if not the whole of it, arises from the combined operation of these two economic factors.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading Having analysed the part played by destitution in the production of crime, the cognate question of the extent to which poverty is responsible for it will now be considered.

Chapter 5 of Crime and Its Causes by William Douglas Morrison holds 175 sentences, grouped into 35 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 5 of Crime and Its Causes contain?

Chapter 5 holds 175 sentences of Crime and Its Causes, unabridged, divided into 35 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 5 of Crime and Its Causes by William Douglas Morrison exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 175 sentences, grouped into 35 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

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Work through the 35 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

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Is this the complete text of Crime and Its Causes?

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Project Gutenberg eBook #15803, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Crime and Its Causes take to read?

About 163 minutes of reading across 393 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Crime and Its Causes

Words and structures a reader meets early in Crime and Its Causes, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Statistics
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Crime and Its Causes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Crime
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Crime and Its Causes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Within
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Crime and Its Causes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Present
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Crime and Its Causes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.