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Crime: Its Cause and Treatment
Crime: Its Cause and Treatment

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Crime: Its Cause and Treatment is here in full — 408 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/81 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Some writers claim that the small number of women in penal institutions shows that women are better than men; but this is a hasty conclusion arrived at from insufficient facts.
There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.
Especially is this true with regard to the girl as compared with the boy.
Such protection naturally keeps them from the commission of crime.
The great consideration shown to them by prosecuting witnesses, prosecuting officers, judges and juries, supplements the protected life and is an added reason for the showing made by statistics.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Crime: Its Cause and Treatment

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Crime: Its Cause and Treatment is here in full — 408 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/81 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Some writers claim that the small number of women in penal institutions shows that women are better than men; but this is a hasty conclusion arrived at from insufficient facts.
/sʌm ˈraɪtərz kleɪm ðæt ðə smɔːl ˈnʌmbər ʌv ˈwɪmən ɪn ˈpiːnəl ˌɪnstɪˈtuːʃənz ʃoʊz ðæt ˈwɪmən ɑːr ˈbetər ðæn men bʌt ðɪs ɪz ə ˈheɪsti kənˈkluːʒən ərˈaɪvd æt frʌm ˌɪnsəˈfɪʃənt fækts/
Line 2
There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.
/ðer ɑːr ˈfjuːər ˈfiːmeɪl ˈprɪzənərz bɪˈkɔːz ˈwɪmən hæv lɪvd ə mɔːr prəˈtektɪd laɪf ðeɪ hæv nɑːt bɪn enˈɡeɪdʒd soʊ ˈdʒenərəli ɪn ˈbɪznəs ðeɪ hæv nɑːt bɪn soʊ ˈkɑːnstəntli əˈblaɪdʒd tuː faɪt ðer weɪ ɪn ðə wɜːrld ðer lɪvz hæv bɪn mɔːr ˈkwaɪət ənd smuːð ðeɪ hæv bɪn sərˈaʊndɪd baɪ strɔːŋ kənˈvenʃənz ənd ˈkloʊsli wɑːtʃt/
Line 3
Especially is this true with regard to the girl as compared with the boy.
/əˈspeʃli ɪz ðɪs truː wɪð rɪˈɡɑːrd tuː ðə ɡɜːrl æz kəmˈperd wɪð ðə bɔɪ/
Line 4
Such protection naturally keeps them from the commission of crime.
/sʌtʃ prəˈtekʃən ˈnætʃərəli kiːps ðem frʌm ðə kəˈmɪʃən ʌv kraɪm/
Line 5
The great consideration shown to them by prosecuting witnesses, prosecuting officers, judges and juries, supplements the protected life and is an added reason for the showing made by statistics.
/ðə ɡreɪt kənˌsɪdərˈeɪʃən ʃoʊn tuː ðem baɪ ˈprɑːsɪkjuːtɪŋ ˈwɪtnəsəz ˈprɑːsɪkjuːtɪŋ ˈɔːfəsərz ˈdʒʌdʒɪz ənd ˈdʒʊriz ˈsʌpləmənts ðə prəˈtektɪd laɪf ənd ɪz æn ˈædəd ˈriːzən fɔːr ðə ˈʃoʊɪŋ meɪd baɪ stəˈtɪstɪks/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

conventions noun US /kənˈvenʃənz/

plural of “convention” — a large formal assembly

From this reading “There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.”

fewer adjective US /ˈfjuːər/

(comparative of “few” used with count nouns) quantifier meaning a smaller number of

From this reading “There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.”

insufficient adjective US /ˌɪnsəˈfɪʃənt/

of a quantity not able to fulfill a need or requirement

From this reading “Some writers claim that the small number of women in penal institutions shows that women are better than men; but this is a hasty conclusion arrived at from insufficient facts.”

juries noun US /ˈdʒʊriz/

plural of “jury” — a body of citizens sworn to give a true verdict according to the evidence presented in a court of law

From this reading “The great consideration shown to them by prosecuting witnesses, prosecuting officers, judges and juries, supplements the protected life and is an added reason for the showing made by statistics.”

penal adjective US /ˈpiːnəl/

of or relating to punishment

From this reading “Some writers claim that the small number of women in penal institutions shows that women are better than men; but this is a hasty conclusion arrived at from insufficient facts.”

prosecuting verb US /ˈprɑːsɪkjuːtɪŋ/

-ing form of “prosecute” — conduct a prosecution in a court of law

From this reading “The great consideration shown to them by prosecuting witnesses, prosecuting officers, judges and juries, supplements the protected life and is an added reason for the showing made by statistics.”

statistics noun US /stəˈtɪstɪks/

a branch of applied mathematics concerned with the collection and interpretation of quantitative data and the use of probability theory to estimate population parameters

From this reading “The great consideration shown to them by prosecuting witnesses, prosecuting officers, judges and juries, supplements the protected life and is an added reason for the showing made by statistics.”

supplements noun US /ˈsʌpləmənts/

plural of “supplement” — textual matter that is added onto a publication; usually at the end

From this reading “The great consideration shown to them by prosecuting witnesses, prosecuting officers, judges and juries, supplements the protected life and is an added reason for the showing made by statistics.”

All words in this reading · 93

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Some writers claim that the small number of women in penal institutions shows that women are better than men; but this is a hasty conclusion arrived at from insufficient facts.

addedverbUS /ˈædəd/

past form of “add” — make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of

From this reading The great consideration shown to them by prosecuting witnesses, prosecuting officers, judges and juries, supplements the protected life and is an added reason for the showing made by statistics.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The great consideration shown to them by prosecuting witnesses, prosecuting officers, judges and juries, supplements the protected life and is an added reason for the showing made by statistics.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Some writers claim that the small number of women in penal institutions shows that women are better than men; but this is a hasty conclusion arrived at from insufficient facts.

arrivedverbUS /ərˈaɪvd/

past form of “arrive” — reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading Some writers claim that the small number of women in penal institutions shows that women are better than men; but this is a hasty conclusion arrived at from insufficient facts.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Especially is this true with regard to the girl as compared with the boy.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Some writers claim that the small number of women in penal institutions shows that women are better than men; but this is a hasty conclusion arrived at from insufficient facts.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading Some writers claim that the small number of women in penal institutions shows that women are better than men; but this is a hasty conclusion arrived at from insufficient facts.

boynounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading Especially is this true with regard to the girl as compared with the boy.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Some writers claim that the small number of women in penal institutions shows that women are better than men; but this is a hasty conclusion arrived at from insufficient facts.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

claimnounUS /kleɪm/

an assertion of a right (as to money or property)

From this reading Some writers claim that the small number of women in penal institutions shows that women are better than men; but this is a hasty conclusion arrived at from insufficient facts.

closelyadverbUS /ˈkloʊsli/

in a close relation or position in time or space

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

commissionnounUS /kəˈmɪʃən/

a special group delegated to consider some matter

From this reading Such protection naturally keeps them from the commission of crime.

comparedverbUS /kəmˈperd/

past form of “compare” — examine and note the similarities or differences of

From this reading Especially is this true with regard to the girl as compared with the boy.

conclusionnounUS /kənˈkluːʒən/

a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration

From this reading Some writers claim that the small number of women in penal institutions shows that women are better than men; but this is a hasty conclusion arrived at from insufficient facts.

considerationnounUS /kənˌsɪdərˈeɪʃən/

the process of giving careful thought to something

From this reading The great consideration shown to them by prosecuting witnesses, prosecuting officers, judges and juries, supplements the protected life and is an added reason for the showing made by statistics.

constantlyadverbUS /ˈkɑːnstəntli/

without variation or change, in every case

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

conventionsnounUS /kənˈvenʃənz/

plural of “convention” — a large formal assembly

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

crimenounUS /kraɪm/

(criminal law) an act punishable by law; usually considered an evil act

From this reading Such protection naturally keeps them from the commission of crime.

engagedadjectiveUS /enˈɡeɪdʒd/

having ones attention or mind or energy engaged

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

EspeciallyadverbUS /əˈspeʃli/

to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common

From this reading Especially is this true with regard to the girl as compared with the boy.

factsnounUS /fækts/

plural of “fact” — a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading Some writers claim that the small number of women in penal institutions shows that women are better than men; but this is a hasty conclusion arrived at from insufficient facts.

femaleadjectiveUS /ˈfiːmeɪl/

being the sex (of plant or animal) that produces fertilizable gametes (ova) from which offspring develop

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

feweradjectiveUS /ˈfjuːər/

(comparative of “few” used with count nouns) quantifier meaning a smaller number of

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

fightverbUS /faɪt/

be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The great consideration shown to them by prosecuting witnesses, prosecuting officers, judges and juries, supplements the protected life and is an added reason for the showing made by statistics.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Some writers claim that the small number of women in penal institutions shows that women are better than men; but this is a hasty conclusion arrived at from insufficient facts.

generallyadverbUS /ˈdʒenərəli/

usually; as a rule

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

girlnounUS /ɡɜːrl/

a young female

From this reading Especially is this true with regard to the girl as compared with the boy.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading The great consideration shown to them by prosecuting witnesses, prosecuting officers, judges and juries, supplements the protected life and is an added reason for the showing made by statistics.

hastyadjectiveUS /ˈheɪsti/

excessively quick

From this reading Some writers claim that the small number of women in penal institutions shows that women are better than men; but this is a hasty conclusion arrived at from insufficient facts.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Some writers claim that the small number of women in penal institutions shows that women are better than men; but this is a hasty conclusion arrived at from insufficient facts.

institutionsnounUS /ˌɪnstɪˈtuːʃənz/

plural of “institution” — an organization founded and united for a specific purpose

From this reading Some writers claim that the small number of women in penal institutions shows that women are better than men; but this is a hasty conclusion arrived at from insufficient facts.

insufficientadjectiveUS /ˌɪnsəˈfɪʃənt/

of a quantity not able to fulfill a need or requirement

From this reading Some writers claim that the small number of women in penal institutions shows that women are better than men; but this is a hasty conclusion arrived at from insufficient facts.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Some writers claim that the small number of women in penal institutions shows that women are better than men; but this is a hasty conclusion arrived at from insufficient facts.

judgesnounUS /ˈdʒʌdʒɪz/

a book of the Old Testament that tells the history of Israel under the leaders known as judges

From this reading The great consideration shown to them by prosecuting witnesses, prosecuting officers, judges and juries, supplements the protected life and is an added reason for the showing made by statistics.

juriesnounUS /ˈdʒʊriz/

plural of “jury” — a body of citizens sworn to give a true verdict according to the evidence presented in a court of law

From this reading The great consideration shown to them by prosecuting witnesses, prosecuting officers, judges and juries, supplements the protected life and is an added reason for the showing made by statistics.

keepsnounUS /kiːps/

plural of “keep” — the financial means whereby one lives

From this reading Such protection naturally keeps them from the commission of crime.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

livedverbUS /lɪvd/

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

livesnounUS /lɪvz/

plural of “life” — a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading The great consideration shown to them by prosecuting witnesses, prosecuting officers, judges and juries, supplements the protected life and is an added reason for the showing made by statistics.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Some writers claim that the small number of women in penal institutions shows that women are better than men; but this is a hasty conclusion arrived at from insufficient facts.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

naturallyadverbUS /ˈnætʃərəli/

as might be expected

From this reading Such protection naturally keeps them from the commission of crime.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading Some writers claim that the small number of women in penal institutions shows that women are better than men; but this is a hasty conclusion arrived at from insufficient facts.

obligedadjectiveUS /əˈblaɪdʒd/

under a moral obligation to do something

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Some writers claim that the small number of women in penal institutions shows that women are better than men; but this is a hasty conclusion arrived at from insufficient facts.

officersnounUS /ˈɔːfəsərz/

plural of “officer” — any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading The great consideration shown to them by prosecuting witnesses, prosecuting officers, judges and juries, supplements the protected life and is an added reason for the showing made by statistics.

penaladjectiveUS /ˈpiːnəl/

of or relating to punishment

From this reading Some writers claim that the small number of women in penal institutions shows that women are better than men; but this is a hasty conclusion arrived at from insufficient facts.

prisonersnounUS /ˈprɪzənərz/

plural of “prisoner” — a person who is confined; especially a prisoner of war

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

prosecutingverbUS /ˈprɑːsɪkjuːtɪŋ/

-ing form of “prosecute” — conduct a prosecution in a court of law

From this reading The great consideration shown to them by prosecuting witnesses, prosecuting officers, judges and juries, supplements the protected life and is an added reason for the showing made by statistics.

protectedadjectiveUS /prəˈtektɪd/

kept safe or defended from danger or injury or loss

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

protectionnounUS /prəˈtekʃən/

the activity of protecting someone or something

From this reading Such protection naturally keeps them from the commission of crime.

quietadjectiveUS /ˈkwaɪət/

characterized by an absence or near absence of agitation or activity

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

reasonnounUS /ˈriːzən/

a rational motive for a belief or action

From this reading The great consideration shown to them by prosecuting witnesses, prosecuting officers, judges and juries, supplements the protected life and is an added reason for the showing made by statistics.

regardnounUS /rɪˈɡɑːrd/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading Especially is this true with regard to the girl as compared with the boy.

showingnounUS /ˈʃoʊɪŋ/

the display of a motion picture

From this reading The great consideration shown to them by prosecuting witnesses, prosecuting officers, judges and juries, supplements the protected life and is an added reason for the showing made by statistics.

shownverbUS /ʃoʊn/

inflected form of “show” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading The great consideration shown to them by prosecuting witnesses, prosecuting officers, judges and juries, supplements the protected life and is an added reason for the showing made by statistics.

showsnounUS /ʃoʊz/

plural of “show” — the act of publicly exhibiting or entertaining

From this reading Some writers claim that the small number of women in penal institutions shows that women are better than men; but this is a hasty conclusion arrived at from insufficient facts.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Some writers claim that the small number of women in penal institutions shows that women are better than men; but this is a hasty conclusion arrived at from insufficient facts.

smoothadjectiveUS /smuːð/

having a surface free from roughness or bumps or ridges or irregularities

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

SomeadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Some writers claim that the small number of women in penal institutions shows that women are better than men; but this is a hasty conclusion arrived at from insufficient facts.

statisticsnounUS /stəˈtɪstɪks/

a branch of applied mathematics concerned with the collection and interpretation of quantitative data and the use of probability theory to estimate population parameters

From this reading The great consideration shown to them by prosecuting witnesses, prosecuting officers, judges and juries, supplements the protected life and is an added reason for the showing made by statistics.

strongadjectiveUS /strɔːŋ/

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

SuchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Such protection naturally keeps them from the commission of crime.

supplementsnounUS /ˈsʌpləmənts/

plural of “supplement” — textual matter that is added onto a publication; usually at the end

From this reading The great consideration shown to them by prosecuting witnesses, prosecuting officers, judges and juries, supplements the protected life and is an added reason for the showing made by statistics.

surroundedadjectiveUS /sərˈaʊndɪd/

confined on all sides

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Some writers claim that the small number of women in penal institutions shows that women are better than men; but this is a hasty conclusion arrived at from insufficient facts.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Some writers claim that the small number of women in penal institutions shows that women are better than men; but this is a hasty conclusion arrived at from insufficient facts.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Some writers claim that the small number of women in penal institutions shows that women are better than men; but this is a hasty conclusion arrived at from insufficient facts.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Such protection naturally keeps them from the commission of crime.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Some writers claim that the small number of women in penal institutions shows that women are better than men; but this is a hasty conclusion arrived at from insufficient facts.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

trueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading Especially is this true with regard to the girl as compared with the boy.

watchedverbUS /wɑːtʃt/

past form of “watch” — look attentively

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Especially is this true with regard to the girl as compared with the boy.

witnessesnounUS /ˈwɪtnəsəz/

plural of “witness” — someone who sees an event and reports what happened

From this reading The great consideration shown to them by prosecuting witnesses, prosecuting officers, judges and juries, supplements the protected life and is an added reason for the showing made by statistics.

womennounUS /ˈwɪmən/

plural of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading Some writers claim that the small number of women in penal institutions shows that women are better than men; but this is a hasty conclusion arrived at from insufficient facts.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading There are fewer female prisoners because women have lived a more protected life; they have not been engaged so generally in business; they have not been so constantly obliged to fight their way in the world; their lives have been more quiet and smooth; they have been surrounded by strong conventions and closely watched.

writersnounUS /ˈraɪtərz/

plural of “writer” — writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading Some writers claim that the small number of women in penal institutions shows that women are better than men; but this is a hasty conclusion arrived at from insufficient facts.

Chapter 3 of Crime: Its Cause and Treatment by Clarence Darrow holds 408 sentences, grouped into 82 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Crime: Its Cause and Treatment contain?

Chapter 3 holds 408 sentences of Crime: Its Cause and Treatment, unabridged, divided into 82 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Crime: Its Cause and Treatment by Clarence Darrow exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 408 sentences, grouped into 82 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Crime: Its Cause and Treatment?

Work through the 82 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

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Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Crime: Its Cause and Treatment

Common questions about reading Crime: Its Cause and Treatment by Clarence Darrow on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Crime: Its Cause and Treatment?

Yes. All 3267 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #12027 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #12027, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Crime: Its Cause and Treatment take to read?

About 272 minutes of reading across 654 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Crime: Its Cause and Treatment

Words and structures a reader meets early in Crime: Its Cause and Treatment, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Comes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Crime: Its Cause and Treatment; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Reflections
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Crime: Its Cause and Treatment; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Experience
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Crime: Its Cause and Treatment; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Forty
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Crime: Its Cause and Treatment; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.