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Cringle and cross-tree
Cringle and cross-tree

Chapter XIX

Chapter 19 of Cringle and cross-tree is here in full — 150 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/30 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
IN WHICH PHIL AND HIS COMPANIONS OBTAIN POSSESSION OF THE MICHIGAN.
Jack Sanderson was a powerful man, and when he had seized the hands of Waterford, he threw his body upon that of his victim.
Resistance was useless and hopeless.
The mate struggled, until his breath and his strength were exhausted, and then he gave it up.
I had choked him so hard, that the want of breath very soon weakened him.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Cringle and cross-tree

Chapter XIX

Chapter 19 of Cringle and cross-tree is here in full — 150 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/30 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
IN WHICH PHIL AND HIS COMPANIONS OBTAIN POSSESSION OF THE MICHIGAN.
Line 2
Jack Sanderson was a powerful man, and when he had seized the hands of Waterford, he threw his body upon that of his victim.
Line 3
Resistance was useless and hopeless.
/rɪˈzɪstəns wɑːz ˈjuːsləs ənd ˈhoʊpləs/
Line 4
The mate struggled, until his breath and his strength were exhausted, and then he gave it up.
/ðə meɪt ˈstrʌɡəld ənˈtɪl hɪz breθ ənd hɪz streŋkθ wɜːr ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd ənd ðen hiː ɡeɪv ɪt ʌp/
Line 5
I had choked him so hard, that the want of breath very soon weakened him.
/aɪ hæd tʃoʊkt hɪm soʊ hɑːrd ðæt ðə wɑːnt ʌv breθ ˈveri suːn ˈwiːkənd hɪm/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

choked adjective US /tʃoʊkt/

stopped up; clogged up

From this reading “I had choked him so hard, that the want of breath very soon weakened him.”

hopeless adjective US /ˈhoʊpləs/

without hope because there seems to be no possibility of comfort or success

From this reading “Resistance was useless and hopeless.”

michigan noun US /ˈmɪʃɪɡən/

a midwestern state in north central United States in the Great Lakes region

From this reading “IN WHICH PHIL AND HIS COMPANIONS OBTAIN POSSESSION OF THE MICHIGAN.”

Resistance noun US /rɪˈzɪstəns/

the action of opposing something that you disapprove or disagree with

From this reading “Resistance was useless and hopeless.”

struggled verb US /ˈstrʌɡəld/

past form of “struggle” — make a strenuous or labored effort

From this reading “The mate struggled, until his breath and his strength were exhausted, and then he gave it up.”

victim noun US /ˈvɪktəm/

an unfortunate person who suffers from some adverse circumstance

From this reading “Jack Sanderson was a powerful man, and when he had seized the hands of Waterford, he threw his body upon that of his victim.”

Waterford noun US /ˈwɔːtərfərd/

a port city in southern Ireland; famous for glass industry

From this reading “Jack Sanderson was a powerful man, and when he had seized the hands of Waterford, he threw his body upon that of his victim.”

weakened adjective US /ˈwiːkənd/

impaired by diminution

From this reading “I had choked him so hard, that the want of breath very soon weakened him.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

OBTAIN POSSESSION verb + noun

In this reading “IN WHICH PHIL AND HIS COMPANIONS OBTAIN POSSESSION OF THE MICHIGAN.”

All words in this reading · 51

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Jack Sanderson was a powerful man, and when he had seized the hands of Waterford, he threw his body upon that of his victim.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading IN WHICH PHIL AND HIS COMPANIONS OBTAIN POSSESSION OF THE MICHIGAN.

bodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading Jack Sanderson was a powerful man, and when he had seized the hands of Waterford, he threw his body upon that of his victim.

breathnounUS /breθ/

the process of taking in and expelling air during breathing

From this reading The mate struggled, until his breath and his strength were exhausted, and then he gave it up.

chokedadjectiveUS /tʃoʊkt/

stopped up; clogged up

From this reading I had choked him so hard, that the want of breath very soon weakened him.

COMPANIONSnounUS /kəmˈpænjənz/

plural of “companion” — a friend who is frequently in the company of another

From this reading IN WHICH PHIL AND HIS COMPANIONS OBTAIN POSSESSION OF THE MICHIGAN.

exhaustedadjectiveUS /ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/

drained of energy or effectiveness; extremely tired; completely exhausted

From this reading The mate struggled, until his breath and his strength were exhausted, and then he gave it up.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading The mate struggled, until his breath and his strength were exhausted, and then he gave it up.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Jack Sanderson was a powerful man, and when he had seized the hands of Waterford, he threw his body upon that of his victim.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading Jack Sanderson was a powerful man, and when he had seized the hands of Waterford, he threw his body upon that of his victim.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading I had choked him so hard, that the want of breath very soon weakened him.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Jack Sanderson was a powerful man, and when he had seized the hands of Waterford, he threw his body upon that of his victim.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading I had choked him so hard, that the want of breath very soon weakened him.

HISdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading IN WHICH PHIL AND HIS COMPANIONS OBTAIN POSSESSION OF THE MICHIGAN.

hopelessadjectiveUS /ˈhoʊpləs/

without hope because there seems to be no possibility of comfort or success

From this reading Resistance was useless and hopeless.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I had choked him so hard, that the want of breath very soon weakened him.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading IN WHICH PHIL AND HIS COMPANIONS OBTAIN POSSESSION OF THE MICHIGAN.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The mate struggled, until his breath and his strength were exhausted, and then he gave it up.

JacknounUS /dʒæk/

a small worthless amount

From this reading Jack Sanderson was a powerful man, and when he had seized the hands of Waterford, he threw his body upon that of his victim.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Jack Sanderson was a powerful man, and when he had seized the hands of Waterford, he threw his body upon that of his victim.

matenounUS /meɪt/

the officer below the master on a commercial ship

From this reading The mate struggled, until his breath and his strength were exhausted, and then he gave it up.

MICHIGANnounUS /ˈmɪʃɪɡən/

a midwestern state in north central United States in the Great Lakes region

From this reading IN WHICH PHIL AND HIS COMPANIONS OBTAIN POSSESSION OF THE MICHIGAN.

OBTAINverbUS /əbˈteɪn/

come into possession of

From this reading IN WHICH PHIL AND HIS COMPANIONS OBTAIN POSSESSION OF THE MICHIGAN.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading IN WHICH PHIL AND HIS COMPANIONS OBTAIN POSSESSION OF THE MICHIGAN.

PHIL

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN WHICH PHIL AND HIS COMPANIONS OBTAIN POSSESSION OF THE MICHIGAN.

POSSESSIONnounUS /pəˈzeʃən/

the act of having and controlling property

From this reading IN WHICH PHIL AND HIS COMPANIONS OBTAIN POSSESSION OF THE MICHIGAN.

powerfuladjectiveUS /ˈpaʊərfəl/

having great power or force or potency or effect

From this reading Jack Sanderson was a powerful man, and when he had seized the hands of Waterford, he threw his body upon that of his victim.

ResistancenounUS /rɪˈzɪstəns/

the action of opposing something that you disapprove or disagree with

From this reading Resistance was useless and hopeless.

Sanderson

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jack Sanderson was a powerful man, and when he had seized the hands of Waterford, he threw his body upon that of his victim.

seizedverbUS /siːzd/

past form of “seize” — take hold of; grab

From this reading Jack Sanderson was a powerful man, and when he had seized the hands of Waterford, he threw his body upon that of his victim.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading I had choked him so hard, that the want of breath very soon weakened him.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading I had choked him so hard, that the want of breath very soon weakened him.

strengthnounUS /streŋkθ/

the property of being physically or mentally strong

From this reading The mate struggled, until his breath and his strength were exhausted, and then he gave it up.

struggledverbUS /ˈstrʌɡəld/

past form of “struggle” — make a strenuous or labored effort

From this reading The mate struggled, until his breath and his strength were exhausted, and then he gave it up.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Jack Sanderson was a powerful man, and when he had seized the hands of Waterford, he threw his body upon that of his victim.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading IN WHICH PHIL AND HIS COMPANIONS OBTAIN POSSESSION OF THE MICHIGAN.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading The mate struggled, until his breath and his strength were exhausted, and then he gave it up.

threwverbUS /θruː/

inflected form of “throw” — propel through the air

From this reading Jack Sanderson was a powerful man, and when he had seized the hands of Waterford, he threw his body upon that of his victim.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading The mate struggled, until his breath and his strength were exhausted, and then he gave it up.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading The mate struggled, until his breath and his strength were exhausted, and then he gave it up.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Jack Sanderson was a powerful man, and when he had seized the hands of Waterford, he threw his body upon that of his victim.

uselessadjectiveUS /ˈjuːsləs/

having no beneficial use or incapable of functioning usefully

From this reading Resistance was useless and hopeless.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading I had choked him so hard, that the want of breath very soon weakened him.

victimnounUS /ˈvɪktəm/

an unfortunate person who suffers from some adverse circumstance

From this reading Jack Sanderson was a powerful man, and when he had seized the hands of Waterford, he threw his body upon that of his victim.

wantverbUS /wɑːnt/

feel or have a desire for; want strongly

From this reading I had choked him so hard, that the want of breath very soon weakened him.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Jack Sanderson was a powerful man, and when he had seized the hands of Waterford, he threw his body upon that of his victim.

WaterfordnounUS /ˈwɔːtərfərd/

a port city in southern Ireland; famous for glass industry

From this reading Jack Sanderson was a powerful man, and when he had seized the hands of Waterford, he threw his body upon that of his victim.

weakenedadjectiveUS /ˈwiːkənd/

impaired by diminution

From this reading I had choked him so hard, that the want of breath very soon weakened him.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The mate struggled, until his breath and his strength were exhausted, and then he gave it up.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Jack Sanderson was a powerful man, and when he had seized the hands of Waterford, he threw his body upon that of his victim.

WHICHpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading IN WHICH PHIL AND HIS COMPANIONS OBTAIN POSSESSION OF THE MICHIGAN.

Chapter 19 of Cringle and cross-tree by Oliver Optic holds 150 sentences, grouped into 30 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 19 of Cringle and cross-tree contain?

Chapter 19 holds 150 sentences of Cringle and cross-tree, unabridged, divided into 30 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 19 of Cringle and cross-tree by Oliver Optic exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 150 sentences, grouped into 30 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 19 of Cringle and cross-tree?

Work through the 30 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 30 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 19 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 19 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Cringle and cross-tree

Common questions about reading Cringle and cross-tree by Oliver Optic on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Cringle and cross-tree?

Yes. All 3451 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #71482 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Cringle and cross-tree is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #71482, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Cringle and cross-tree take to read?

About 287 minutes of reading across 691 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Cringle and cross-tree section by section

How to work through Cringle and cross-tree section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Cringle and cross-tree

Words and structures a reader meets early in Cringle and cross-tree, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Upward
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cringle and cross-tree; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Onward
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cringle and cross-tree; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Series
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cringle and cross-tree; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Swashes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cringle and cross-tree; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.