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Critical, Historical, and Miscellaneous Essays
Critical, Historical, and Miscellaneous Essays

Chapter XV

Chapter 15 of Critical, Historical, and Miscellaneous Essays is here in full — 424 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/84 · 5 lines
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The Scots advanced into England to meet him.
It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.
It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.
We are utterly unable to see any distinction between the case of the Scotch invasion in 1640, and the case of the Dutch invasion in 1688; or rather, we see distinctions which are to the advantage of Hampden and his friends.
We believe Charles to have been a worse and more danserons king than his son.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Critical, Historical, and Miscellaneous Essays

Chapter XV

Chapter 15 of Critical, Historical, and Miscellaneous Essays is here in full — 424 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/84 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Scots advanced into England to meet him.
/ðə skɑːts ədˈvænst ˈɪntuː ˈɪŋɡlənd tuː miːt hɪm/
Line 2
It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.
Line 3
It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.
/ɪt ɪz sed ðæt tuː kɔːl ɪn ðə eɪd ʌv ˈfɔːrənərz ɪn ə dəˈmestɪk ˈkwɔːrəl ɪz ðə wɜːrst ʌv ˈtriːzəns ənd ðæt ðə ˈpjʊrətən ˈliːdərz baɪ ˈteɪkɪŋ ðɪs kɔːrs ʃoʊd ðæt ðeɪ wɜːr rəˈɡɑːrdləs ʌv ðə ˈɑːnər ənd ˌɪndɪˈpendəns ʌv ðə ˈneɪʃən ənd ˈæŋkʃəs ˈoʊnli fɔːr ðə səkˈses ʌv ðer oʊn ˈfækʃən/
Line 4
We are utterly unable to see any distinction between the case of the Scotch invasion in 1640, and the case of the Dutch invasion in 1688; or rather, we see distinctions which are to the advantage of Hampden and his friends.
Line 5
We believe Charles to have been a worse and more danserons king than his son.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

distinctions noun US /dɪˈstɪŋkʃənz/

plural of “distinction” — a discrimination between things as different and distinct on the basis of their characteristics or attributes

From this reading “We are utterly unable to see any distinction between the case of the Scotch invasion in 1640, and the case of the Dutch invasion in 1688; or rather, we see distinctions which are to the advantage of Hampden and his friends.”

faction noun US /ˈfækʃən/

a clique (often secret) that seeks power usually through intrigue

From this reading “It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.”

foreigners noun US /ˈfɔːrənərz/

plural of “foreigner” — a person who comes from a foreign country; someone who does not owe allegiance to your country

From this reading “It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.”

improbable adjective US /ˌɪmˈprɑːbəbəl/

not likely to be true or to occur or to have occurred

From this reading “It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.”

invasion noun US /ˌɪnˈveɪʒən/

the act of invading; the act of an army that invades for conquest or plunder

From this reading “We are utterly unable to see any distinction between the case of the Scotch invasion in 1640, and the case of the Dutch invasion in 1688; or rather, we see distinctions which are to the advantage of Hampden and his friends.”

Puritan noun US /ˈpjʊrətən/

a member of a group of English Protestants who in the 16th and 17th centuries thought that the Protestant Reformation under Elizabeth was incomplete and advocated the simplification and regulation of forms of worship

From this reading “It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.”

Scots noun US /skɑːts/

the dialect of English used in Scotland

From this reading “The Scots advanced into England to meet him.”

treasons noun US /ˈtriːzəns/

plural of “treason” — a crime that undermines the offender's government

From this reading “It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

utterly unable adverb + adjective

In this reading “We are utterly unable to see any distinction between the case of the Scotch invasion in 1640, and the case of the Dutch invasion in 1688; or rather, we see distinctions which are to the advantage of Hampden and his friends.”

bold step adjective + noun

In this reading “It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.”

by taking preposition + noun

In this reading “It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.”

All words in this reading · 96

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1640

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We are utterly unable to see any distinction between the case of the Scotch invasion in 1640, and the case of the Dutch invasion in 1688; or rather, we see distinctions which are to the advantage of Hampden and his friends.

1688

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We are utterly unable to see any distinction between the case of the Scotch invasion in 1640, and the case of the Dutch invasion in 1688; or rather, we see distinctions which are to the advantage of Hampden and his friends.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.

accusationnounUS /ˌækjəˈzeɪʃən/

a formal charge of wrongdoing brought against a person; the act of imputing blame or guilt

From this reading It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.

actedverbUS /ˈæktɪd/

past form of “act” — perform an action, or work out or perform (an action)

From this reading It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.

advancedadjectiveUS /ədˈvænst/

farther along in physical or mental development

From this reading The Scots advanced into England to meet him.

advantagenounUS /ædˈvæntɪdʒ/

the quality of having a superior or more favorable position

From this reading We are utterly unable to see any distinction between the case of the Scotch invasion in 1640, and the case of the Dutch invasion in 1688; or rather, we see distinctions which are to the advantage of Hampden and his friends.

advicenounUS /ædˈvaɪs/

a proposal for an appropriate course of action

From this reading It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.

aidnounUS /eɪd/

a person or thing that is a resource that helps make something easier or possible to do

From this reading It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.

anxiousadjectiveUS /ˈæŋkʃəs/

eagerly desirous

From this reading It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading We are utterly unable to see any distinction between the case of the Scotch invasion in 1640, and the case of the Dutch invasion in 1688; or rather, we see distinctions which are to the advantage of Hampden and his friends.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading We are utterly unable to see any distinction between the case of the Scotch invasion in 1640, and the case of the Dutch invasion in 1688; or rather, we see distinctions which are to the advantage of Hampden and his friends.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.

believeverbUS /bɪˈliːv/

accept as true; take to be true

From this reading We believe Charles to have been a worse and more danserons king than his son.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading We are utterly unable to see any distinction between the case of the Scotch invasion in 1640, and the case of the Dutch invasion in 1688; or rather, we see distinctions which are to the advantage of Hampden and his friends.

boldadjectiveUS /boʊld/

fearless and daring

From this reading It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.

callverbUS /kɔːl/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.

casenounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading We are utterly unable to see any distinction between the case of the Scotch invasion in 1640, and the case of the Dutch invasion in 1688; or rather, we see distinctions which are to the advantage of Hampden and his friends.

CharlesnounUS /tʃɑːrlz/

King of France from 1560 to 1574 whose reign was dominated by his mother Catherine de Medicis (1550-1574)

From this reading We believe Charles to have been a worse and more danserons king than his son.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.

danserons

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We believe Charles to have been a worse and more danserons king than his son.

distinctionnounUS /dɪˈstɪŋkʃən/

a discrimination between things as different and distinct on the basis of their characteristics or attributes

From this reading We are utterly unable to see any distinction between the case of the Scotch invasion in 1640, and the case of the Dutch invasion in 1688; or rather, we see distinctions which are to the advantage of Hampden and his friends.

distinctionsnounUS /dɪˈstɪŋkʃənz/

plural of “distinction” — a discrimination between things as different and distinct on the basis of their characteristics or attributes

From this reading We are utterly unable to see any distinction between the case of the Scotch invasion in 1640, and the case of the Dutch invasion in 1688; or rather, we see distinctions which are to the advantage of Hampden and his friends.

domesticadjectiveUS /dəˈmestɪk/

of concern to or concerning the internal affairs of a nation

From this reading It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.

DutchadjectiveUS /dʌtʃ/

of or relating to the Netherlands or its people or culture

From this reading We are utterly unable to see any distinction between the case of the Scotch invasion in 1640, and the case of the Dutch invasion in 1688; or rather, we see distinctions which are to the advantage of Hampden and his friends.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading The Scots advanced into England to meet him.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.

factionnounUS /ˈfækʃən/

a clique (often secret) that seeks power usually through intrigue

From this reading It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.

foreignersnounUS /ˈfɔːrənərz/

plural of “foreigner” — a person who comes from a foreign country; someone who does not owe allegiance to your country

From this reading It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading We are utterly unable to see any distinction between the case of the Scotch invasion in 1640, and the case of the Dutch invasion in 1688; or rather, we see distinctions which are to the advantage of Hampden and his friends.

gravenounUS /ɡreɪv/

death of a person

From this reading It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.

Hampden

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading We believe Charles to have been a worse and more danserons king than his son.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The Scots advanced into England to meet him.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading We are utterly unable to see any distinction between the case of the Scotch invasion in 1640, and the case of the Dutch invasion in 1688; or rather, we see distinctions which are to the advantage of Hampden and his friends.

honournounUS /ˈɑːnər/

the state of being honored

From this reading It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.

improbableadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈprɑːbəbəl/

not likely to be true or to occur or to have occurred

From this reading It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.

independencenounUS /ˌɪndɪˈpendəns/

freedom from control or influence of another or others

From this reading It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The Scots advanced into England to meet him.

invasionnounUS /ˌɪnˈveɪʒən/

the act of invading; the act of an army that invades for conquest or plunder

From this reading We are utterly unable to see any distinction between the case of the Scotch invasion in 1640, and the case of the Dutch invasion in 1688; or rather, we see distinctions which are to the advantage of Hampden and his friends.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.

kingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading We believe Charles to have been a worse and more danserons king than his son.

leadersnounUS /ˈliːdərz/

the body of people who lead a group

From this reading It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.

meetverbUS /miːt/

come together

From this reading The Scots advanced into England to meet him.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading We believe Charles to have been a worse and more danserons king than his son.

nationnounUS /ˈneɪʃən/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.

OppositionnounUS /ˌɑːpəˈzɪʃən/

the action of opposing something that you disapprove or disagree with

From this reading It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading We are utterly unable to see any distinction between the case of the Scotch invasion in 1640, and the case of the Dutch invasion in 1688; or rather, we see distinctions which are to the advantage of Hampden and his friends.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.

PuritannounUS /ˈpjʊrətən/

a member of a group of English Protestants who in the 16th and 17th centuries thought that the Protestant Reformation under Elizabeth was incomplete and advocated the simplification and regulation of forms of worship

From this reading It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.

quarrelnounUS /ˈkwɔːrəl/

an angry dispute

From this reading It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading We are utterly unable to see any distinction between the case of the Scotch invasion in 1640, and the case of the Dutch invasion in 1688; or rather, we see distinctions which are to the advantage of Hampden and his friends.

regardlessadverbUS /rəˈɡɑːrdləs/

in spite of everything; without regard to drawbacks

From this reading It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.

ScotchnounUS /skɑːtʃ/

a slight surface cut (especially a notch that is made to keep a tally)

From this reading We are utterly unable to see any distinction between the case of the Scotch invasion in 1640, and the case of the Dutch invasion in 1688; or rather, we see distinctions which are to the advantage of Hampden and his friends.

ScotsnounUS /skɑːts/

the dialect of English used in Scotland

From this reading The Scots advanced into England to meet him.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading We are utterly unable to see any distinction between the case of the Scotch invasion in 1640, and the case of the Dutch invasion in 1688; or rather, we see distinctions which are to the advantage of Hampden and his friends.

showedverbUS /ʃoʊd/

past form of “show” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading We believe Charles to have been a worse and more danserons king than his son.

stepnounUS /step/

any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

From this reading It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.

successnounUS /səkˈses/

an event that accomplishes its intended purpose

From this reading It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.

takingnounUS /ˈteɪkɪŋ/

the act of someone who picks up or takes something

From this reading It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading We believe Charles to have been a worse and more danserons king than his son.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Scots advanced into England to meet him.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The Scots advanced into England to meet him.

treasonsnounUS /ˈtriːzəns/

plural of “treason” — a crime that undermines the offender's government

From this reading It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.

unableadjectiveUS /əˈneɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) not having the necessary means or skill or know-how

From this reading We are utterly unable to see any distinction between the case of the Scotch invasion in 1640, and the case of the Dutch invasion in 1688; or rather, we see distinctions which are to the advantage of Hampden and his friends.

utterlyadverbUS /ˈʌtərli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading We are utterly unable to see any distinction between the case of the Scotch invasion in 1640, and the case of the Dutch invasion in 1688; or rather, we see distinctions which are to the advantage of Hampden and his friends.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We are utterly unable to see any distinction between the case of the Scotch invasion in 1640, and the case of the Dutch invasion in 1688; or rather, we see distinctions which are to the advantage of Hampden and his friends.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading We are utterly unable to see any distinction between the case of the Scotch invasion in 1640, and the case of the Dutch invasion in 1688; or rather, we see distinctions which are to the advantage of Hampden and his friends.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It is by no means improbable that this bold step was taken by the advice of Hampden, and of those with whom he acted; and this has been made matter of grave accusation against the English Opposition.

worseadjectiveUS /wɜːrs/

(comparative of “bad”) inferior to another in quality or condition or desirability

From this reading We believe Charles to have been a worse and more danserons king than his son.

worstnounUS /wɜːrst/

the least favorable outcome

From this reading It is said that to call in the aid of foreigners in a domestic quarrel is the worst of treasons, and that the Puritan leaders, by taking this course, showed that they were regardless of the honour and independence of the nation, and anxious only for the success of their own faction.

Chapter 15 of Critical, Historical, and Miscellaneous Essays by Thomas Babington Macaulay, Baron Macaulay holds 424 sentences, grouped into 85 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

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Chapter 15 holds 424 sentences of Critical, Historical, and Miscellaneous Essays, unabridged, divided into 85 reading sections.

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Volumes
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Essays
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