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Cromwell: A Drama, in Five Acts
Cromwell: A Drama, in Five Acts

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Cromwell: A Drama, in Five Acts is here in full — 428 sentences across 86 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/85 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
_Crom._ Thus, gentlemen, the reports being ended, I would but detain you a short while in prayer.
_Des._ Nay! as I said before, we are fatigued, and the body needs refreshment.
_Ire._ [Apart to Cromwell.] How the pampered boar frets!
_Crom._ [_To Desborough._] Will you to my tent?--I can give you a soldier's fare, with a soldier's welcome, a crust and cup of ale, and we can discourse what remains.
_An Officer._ Indeed we are engaged; but if the General Cromwell would honour us-- _Crom._ I thank you, I have supped ere you have dined.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Cromwell: A Drama, in Five Acts

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Cromwell: A Drama, in Five Acts is here in full — 428 sentences across 86 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/85 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_Crom._ Thus, gentlemen, the reports being ended, I would but detain you a short while in prayer.
Line 2
_Des._ Nay! as I said before, we are fatigued, and the body needs refreshment.
/des neɪ æz aɪ sed bɪˈfɔːr wiː ɑːr fəˈtiːɡd ənd ðə ˈbɑːdi niːdz rəˈfreʃmənt/
Line 3
_Ire._ [Apart to Cromwell.] How the pampered boar frets!
Line 4
_Crom._ [_To Desborough._] Will you to my tent?--I can give you a soldier's fare, with a soldier's welcome, a crust and cup of ale, and we can discourse what remains.
Line 5
_An Officer._ Indeed we are engaged; but if the General Cromwell would honour us-- _Crom._ I thank you, I have supped ere you have dined.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

boar noun US /bɔːr/

Old World wild swine having a narrow body and prominent tusks from which most domestic swine come; introduced in United States

From this reading “_Ire._ [Apart to Cromwell.] How the pampered boar frets!”

Cromwell noun US /ˈkrɑːmwəl/

English general and statesman who led the parliamentary army in the English Civil War (1599-1658)

From this reading “_Ire._ [Apart to Cromwell.] How the pampered boar frets!”

crust noun US /krʌst/

the outer layer of the Earth

From this reading “_Crom._ [_To Desborough._] Will you to my tent?--I can give you a soldier's fare, with a soldier's welcome, a crust and cup of ale, and we can discourse what remains.”

fatigued adjective US /fəˈtiːɡd/

drained of energy or effectiveness; extremely tired; completely exhausted

From this reading “_Des._ Nay! as I said before, we are fatigued, and the body needs refreshment.”

frets noun US /frets/

plural of “fret” — agitation resulting from active worry

From this reading “_Ire._ [Apart to Cromwell.] How the pampered boar frets!”

Ire noun US /aɪr/

a strong emotion; a feeling that is oriented toward some real or supposed grievance

pampered verb US /ˈpæmpərd/

past form of “pamper” — treat with excessive indulgence

From this reading “_Ire._ [Apart to Cromwell.] How the pampered boar frets!”

soldier's noun US /ˈsoʊldʒərz/

possessive form of “soldier” — an enlisted man or woman who serves in an army

From this reading “_Crom._ [_To Desborough._] Will you to my tent?--I can give you a soldier's fare, with a soldier's welcome, a crust and cup of ale, and we can discourse what remains.”

All words in this reading · 67

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading _Crom._ Thus, gentlemen, the reports being ended, I would but detain you a short while in prayer.

alenounUS /eɪl/

a general name for beer made with a top fermenting yeast; in some of the United States an ale is (by law) a brew of more than 4% alcohol by volume

From this reading _Crom._ [_To Desborough._] Will you to my tent?--I can give you a soldier's fare, with a soldier's welcome, a crust and cup of ale, and we can discourse what remains.

AndeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading _An Officer._ Indeed we are engaged; but if the General Cromwell would honour us-- _Crom._ I thank you, I have supped ere you have dined.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading _Des._ Nay! as I said before, we are fatigued, and the body needs refreshment.

ApartadverbUS /əˈpɑːrt/

separated or at a distance in place or position or time

From this reading _Ire._ [Apart to Cromwell.] How the pampered boar frets!

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading _Des._ Nay! as I said before, we are fatigued, and the body needs refreshment.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading _Des._ Nay! as I said before, we are fatigued, and the body needs refreshment.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading _Des._ Nay! as I said before, we are fatigued, and the body needs refreshment.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading _Crom._ Thus, gentlemen, the reports being ended, I would but detain you a short while in prayer.

boarnounUS /bɔːr/

Old World wild swine having a narrow body and prominent tusks from which most domestic swine come; introduced in United States

From this reading _Ire._ [Apart to Cromwell.] How the pampered boar frets!

bodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading _Des._ Nay! as I said before, we are fatigued, and the body needs refreshment.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading _Crom._ Thus, gentlemen, the reports being ended, I would but detain you a short while in prayer.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading _Crom._ [_To Desborough._] Will you to my tent?--I can give you a soldier's fare, with a soldier's welcome, a crust and cup of ale, and we can discourse what remains.

Crom

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Crom._ Thus, gentlemen, the reports being ended, I would but detain you a short while in prayer.

CromwellnounUS /ˈkrɑːmwəl/

English general and statesman who led the parliamentary army in the English Civil War (1599-1658)

From this reading _Ire._ [Apart to Cromwell.] How the pampered boar frets!

crustnounUS /krʌst/

the outer layer of the Earth

From this reading _Crom._ [_To Desborough._] Will you to my tent?--I can give you a soldier's fare, with a soldier's welcome, a crust and cup of ale, and we can discourse what remains.

cupnounUS /kʌp/

a small open container usually used for drinking; usually has a handle

From this reading _Crom._ [_To Desborough._] Will you to my tent?--I can give you a soldier's fare, with a soldier's welcome, a crust and cup of ale, and we can discourse what remains.

DesnounUS /des/

a potent estrogen used in medicine and in feed for livestock and poultry

From this reading _Des._ Nay! as I said before, we are fatigued, and the body needs refreshment.

Desborough

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Crom._ [_To Desborough._] Will you to my tent?--I can give you a soldier's fare, with a soldier's welcome, a crust and cup of ale, and we can discourse what remains.

detainverbUS /dɪˈteɪn/

deprive of freedom; take into confinement

From this reading _Crom._ Thus, gentlemen, the reports being ended, I would but detain you a short while in prayer.

dinedverbUS /daɪnd/

past form of “dine” — have supper; eat dinner

From this reading _An Officer._ Indeed we are engaged; but if the General Cromwell would honour us-- _Crom._ I thank you, I have supped ere you have dined.

discoursenounUS /ˈdɪskɔːrs/

extended verbal expression in speech or writing

From this reading _Crom._ [_To Desborough._] Will you to my tent?--I can give you a soldier's fare, with a soldier's welcome, a crust and cup of ale, and we can discourse what remains.

endedadjectiveUS /ˈendəd/

having come or been brought to a conclusion

From this reading _Crom._ Thus, gentlemen, the reports being ended, I would but detain you a short while in prayer.

engagedadjectiveUS /enˈɡeɪdʒd/

having ones attention or mind or energy engaged

From this reading _An Officer._ Indeed we are engaged; but if the General Cromwell would honour us-- _Crom._ I thank you, I have supped ere you have dined.

ereconjunctionUS /er/

an old word for “before”

From this reading _An Officer._ Indeed we are engaged; but if the General Cromwell would honour us-- _Crom._ I thank you, I have supped ere you have dined.

farenounUS /fer/

an agenda of things to do

From this reading _Crom._ [_To Desborough._] Will you to my tent?--I can give you a soldier's fare, with a soldier's welcome, a crust and cup of ale, and we can discourse what remains.

fatiguedadjectiveUS /fəˈtiːɡd/

drained of energy or effectiveness; extremely tired; completely exhausted

From this reading _Des._ Nay! as I said before, we are fatigued, and the body needs refreshment.

fretsnounUS /frets/

plural of “fret” — agitation resulting from active worry

From this reading _Ire._ [Apart to Cromwell.] How the pampered boar frets!

GeneraladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading _An Officer._ Indeed we are engaged; but if the General Cromwell would honour us-- _Crom._ I thank you, I have supped ere you have dined.

gentlemennounUS /ˈdʒentəlmɪn/

plural of “gentleman” — a man of refinement

From this reading _Crom._ Thus, gentlemen, the reports being ended, I would but detain you a short while in prayer.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading _Crom._ [_To Desborough._] Will you to my tent?--I can give you a soldier's fare, with a soldier's welcome, a crust and cup of ale, and we can discourse what remains.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading _An Officer._ Indeed we are engaged; but if the General Cromwell would honour us-- _Crom._ I thank you, I have supped ere you have dined.

honournounUS /ˈɑːnər/

the state of being honored

From this reading _An Officer._ Indeed we are engaged; but if the General Cromwell would honour us-- _Crom._ I thank you, I have supped ere you have dined.

How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Ire._ [Apart to Cromwell.] How the pampered boar frets!

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading _Crom._ Thus, gentlemen, the reports being ended, I would but detain you a short while in prayer.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading _An Officer._ Indeed we are engaged; but if the General Cromwell would honour us-- _Crom._ I thank you, I have supped ere you have dined.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading _Crom._ Thus, gentlemen, the reports being ended, I would but detain you a short while in prayer.

IndeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading _An Officer._ Indeed we are engaged; but if the General Cromwell would honour us-- _Crom._ I thank you, I have supped ere you have dined.

IrenounUS /aɪr/

a strong emotion; a feeling that is oriented toward some real or supposed grievance

From this reading _Ire._ [Apart to Cromwell.] How the pampered boar frets!

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading _Crom._ [_To Desborough._] Will you to my tent?--I can give you a soldier's fare, with a soldier's welcome, a crust and cup of ale, and we can discourse what remains.

NayexclamationUS /neɪ/

an old word for “no”

From this reading _Des._ Nay! as I said before, we are fatigued, and the body needs refreshment.

needsadverbUS /niːdz/

in such a manner as could not be otherwise

From this reading _Des._ Nay! as I said before, we are fatigued, and the body needs refreshment.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _Crom._ [_To Desborough._] Will you to my tent?--I can give you a soldier's fare, with a soldier's welcome, a crust and cup of ale, and we can discourse what remains.

OfficernounUS /ˈɔːfəsər/

any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading _An Officer._ Indeed we are engaged; but if the General Cromwell would honour us-- _Crom._ I thank you, I have supped ere you have dined.

pamperedverbUS /ˈpæmpərd/

past form of “pamper” — treat with excessive indulgence

From this reading _Ire._ [Apart to Cromwell.] How the pampered boar frets!

prayernounUS /prer/

the act of communicating with a deity (especially as a petition or in adoration or contrition or thanksgiving)

From this reading _Crom._ Thus, gentlemen, the reports being ended, I would but detain you a short while in prayer.

refreshmentnounUS /rəˈfreʃmənt/

snacks and drinks served as a light meal

From this reading _Des._ Nay! as I said before, we are fatigued, and the body needs refreshment.

remainsnounUS /rɪˈmeɪnz/

any object that is left unused or still extant

From this reading _Crom._ [_To Desborough._] Will you to my tent?--I can give you a soldier's fare, with a soldier's welcome, a crust and cup of ale, and we can discourse what remains.

reportsnounUS /rɪˈpɔːrts/

plural of “report” — a written document describing the findings of some individual or group

From this reading _Crom._ Thus, gentlemen, the reports being ended, I would but detain you a short while in prayer.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading _Des._ Nay! as I said before, we are fatigued, and the body needs refreshment.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading _Crom._ Thus, gentlemen, the reports being ended, I would but detain you a short while in prayer.

soldier'snounUS /ˈsoʊldʒərz/

possessive form of “soldier” — an enlisted man or woman who serves in an army

From this reading _Crom._ [_To Desborough._] Will you to my tent?--I can give you a soldier's fare, with a soldier's welcome, a crust and cup of ale, and we can discourse what remains.

supped

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _An Officer._ Indeed we are engaged; but if the General Cromwell would honour us-- _Crom._ I thank you, I have supped ere you have dined.

tentnounUS /tent/

a portable shelter (usually of canvas stretched over supporting poles and fastened to the ground with ropes and pegs)

From this reading _Crom._ [_To Desborough._] Will you to my tent?--I can give you a soldier's fare, with a soldier's welcome, a crust and cup of ale, and we can discourse what remains.

thankverbUS /θæŋk/

express gratitude or show appreciation to

From this reading _An Officer._ Indeed we are engaged; but if the General Cromwell would honour us-- _Crom._ I thank you, I have supped ere you have dined.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _Crom._ Thus, gentlemen, the reports being ended, I would but detain you a short while in prayer.

ThusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading _Crom._ Thus, gentlemen, the reports being ended, I would but detain you a short while in prayer.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading _Ire._ [Apart to Cromwell.] How the pampered boar frets!

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading _An Officer._ Indeed we are engaged; but if the General Cromwell would honour us-- _Crom._ I thank you, I have supped ere you have dined.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading _Des._ Nay! as I said before, we are fatigued, and the body needs refreshment.

welcomeverbUS /ˈwelkəm/

accept gladly

From this reading _Crom._ [_To Desborough._] Will you to my tent?--I can give you a soldier's fare, with a soldier's welcome, a crust and cup of ale, and we can discourse what remains.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading _Crom._ [_To Desborough._] Will you to my tent?--I can give you a soldier's fare, with a soldier's welcome, a crust and cup of ale, and we can discourse what remains.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading _Crom._ Thus, gentlemen, the reports being ended, I would but detain you a short while in prayer.

Willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading _Crom._ [_To Desborough._] Will you to my tent?--I can give you a soldier's fare, with a soldier's welcome, a crust and cup of ale, and we can discourse what remains.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading _Crom._ [_To Desborough._] Will you to my tent?--I can give you a soldier's fare, with a soldier's welcome, a crust and cup of ale, and we can discourse what remains.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading _Crom._ Thus, gentlemen, the reports being ended, I would but detain you a short while in prayer.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading _Crom._ Thus, gentlemen, the reports being ended, I would but detain you a short while in prayer.

Chapter 3 of Cromwell: A Drama, in Five Acts by Alfred Bate Richards holds 428 sentences, grouped into 86 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Cromwell: A Drama, in Five Acts contain?

Chapter 3 holds 428 sentences of Cromwell: A Drama, in Five Acts, unabridged, divided into 86 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Cromwell: A Drama, in Five Acts by Alfred Bate Richards exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 428 sentences, grouped into 86 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Cromwell: A Drama, in Five Acts?

Work through the 86 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 86 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #14448, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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Vocabulary met early in Cromwell: A Drama, in Five Acts

Words and structures a reader meets early in Cromwell: A Drama, in Five Acts, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cromwell: A Drama, in Five Acts; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Croesus
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cromwell: A Drama, in Five Acts; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lydia
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cromwell: A Drama, in Five Acts; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Tragedy
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cromwell: A Drama, in Five Acts; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.