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Cross Purposes and The Shadows
Cross Purposes and The Shadows

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Cross Purposes and The Shadows is here in full — 510 sentences across 102 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/102 · 5 lines
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But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.
They vanished under the window, but soon reappeared, having somehow climbed up the wall of the house; for they entered in perfect order by the window, as if melting through the transparency of the glass.
They still carried the bier or litter.
It was covered with richest furs, and skins of gorgeous wild beasts, whose eyes were replaced by sapphires and emeralds, that glittered and gleamed in the fire and snow light.
The outermost skin sparkled with frost, but the inside ones were soft and warm and dry as the down under a swan's wing.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Cross Purposes and The Shadows

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Cross Purposes and The Shadows is here in full — 510 sentences across 102 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/102 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.
/bʌt æz hiː leɪ ˈlʊkɪŋ aʊt ɑːn ðə snoʊ wɪtʃ stretʃt blæŋk ənd waɪd bɪˈfɔːr hɪm hiː spaɪd ɪn ðə ˈdɪstəns ə lɔːŋ dɑːrk laɪn wɪtʃ druː ˈnɪrər ənd ˈnɪrər ənd ʃoʊd ˌɪtˈself æt læst tuː biː ɔːl ðə ˈʃædoʊz ˈwɔːkɪŋ ɪn ə ˈdʌbəl roʊ ənd ˈkæriɪŋ ɪn ðə mɪdst ʌv ðem ˈsʌmθɪŋ laɪk ə biːr/
Line 2
They vanished under the window, but soon reappeared, having somehow climbed up the wall of the house; for they entered in perfect order by the window, as if melting through the transparency of the glass.
/ðeɪ ˈvænɪʃt ˈʌndər ðə ˈwɪndoʊ bʌt suːn ˌriːəˈpɪrd ˈhævɪŋ ˈsʌmhaʊ klaɪmd ʌp ðə wɔːl ʌv ðə haʊs fɔːr ðeɪ ˈentərd ɪn pərˈfekt ˈɔːrdər baɪ ðə ˈwɪndoʊ æz ɪf ˈmeltɪŋ θruː ðə trænˈsperənsi ʌv ðə ɡlæs/
Line 3
They still carried the bier or litter.
/ðeɪ stɪl ˈkærid ðə biːr ɔːr ˈlɪtər/
Line 4
It was covered with richest furs, and skins of gorgeous wild beasts, whose eyes were replaced by sapphires and emeralds, that glittered and gleamed in the fire and snow light.
/ɪt wɑːz ˈkʌvərd wɪð ˈrɪtʃəst fɜːrz ənd skɪnz ʌv ˈɡɔːrdʒəs waɪld biːsts huːz aɪz wɜːr ˌriːˈpleɪst baɪ ˈsæfaɪərz ənd ˈemrəldz ðæt ˈɡlɪtərd ənd ɡliːmd ɪn ðə ˈfaɪər ənd snoʊ laɪt/
Line 5
The outermost skin sparkled with frost, but the inside ones were soft and warm and dry as the down under a swan's wing.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bier noun US /biːr/

a coffin along with its stand

From this reading “But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.”

emeralds noun US /ˈemrəldz/

plural of “emerald” — a green transparent form of beryl; highly valued as a gemstone

From this reading “It was covered with richest furs, and skins of gorgeous wild beasts, whose eyes were replaced by sapphires and emeralds, that glittered and gleamed in the fire and snow light.”

furs noun US /fɜːrz/

plural of “fur” — the dressed hairy coat of a mammal

From this reading “It was covered with richest furs, and skins of gorgeous wild beasts, whose eyes were replaced by sapphires and emeralds, that glittered and gleamed in the fire and snow light.”

melting noun US /ˈmeltɪŋ/

the process whereby heat changes something from a solid to a liquid

From this reading “They vanished under the window, but soon reappeared, having somehow climbed up the wall of the house; for they entered in perfect order by the window, as if melting through the transparency of the glass.”

outermost adjective US /ˈaʊtərmoʊst/

situated at the farthest possible point from a center

From this reading “The outermost skin sparkled with frost, but the inside ones were soft and warm and dry as the down under a swan's wing.”

sapphires noun US /ˈsæfaɪərz/

plural of “sapphire” — a precious transparent stone of rich blue corundum valued as a gemstone

From this reading “It was covered with richest furs, and skins of gorgeous wild beasts, whose eyes were replaced by sapphires and emeralds, that glittered and gleamed in the fire and snow light.”

spied verb US /spaɪd/

inflected form of “spy” — catch sight of

From this reading “But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.”

transparency noun US /trænˈsperənsi/

permitting the free passage of electromagnetic radiation

From this reading “They vanished under the window, but soon reappeared, having somehow climbed up the wall of the house; for they entered in perfect order by the window, as if melting through the transparency of the glass.”

All words in this reading · 102

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

beastsnounUS /biːsts/

plural of “beast” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading It was covered with richest furs, and skins of gorgeous wild beasts, whose eyes were replaced by sapphires and emeralds, that glittered and gleamed in the fire and snow light.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

biernounUS /biːr/

a coffin along with its stand

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

blankadjectiveUS /blæŋk/

(of a surface) not written or printed on

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading They vanished under the window, but soon reappeared, having somehow climbed up the wall of the house; for they entered in perfect order by the window, as if melting through the transparency of the glass.

carriedverbUS /ˈkærid/

inflected form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading They still carried the bier or litter.

carryingverbUS /ˈkæriɪŋ/

-ing form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

climbedverbUS /klaɪmd/

past form of “climb” — go upward with gradual or continuous progress

From this reading They vanished under the window, but soon reappeared, having somehow climbed up the wall of the house; for they entered in perfect order by the window, as if melting through the transparency of the glass.

coveredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌvərd/

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading It was covered with richest furs, and skins of gorgeous wild beasts, whose eyes were replaced by sapphires and emeralds, that glittered and gleamed in the fire and snow light.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

distancenounUS /ˈdɪstəns/

the property created by the space between two objects or points

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

doubleverbUS /ˈdʌbəl/

increase twofold

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading The outermost skin sparkled with frost, but the inside ones were soft and warm and dry as the down under a swan's wing.

drewnounUS /druː/

United States actor (born in Ireland); father of Georgiana Emma Barrymore (1827-1862)

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

dryadjectiveUS /draɪ/

free from liquid or moisture; lacking natural or normal moisture or depleted of water; or no longer wet

From this reading The outermost skin sparkled with frost, but the inside ones were soft and warm and dry as the down under a swan's wing.

emeraldsnounUS /ˈemrəldz/

plural of “emerald” — a green transparent form of beryl; highly valued as a gemstone

From this reading It was covered with richest furs, and skins of gorgeous wild beasts, whose eyes were replaced by sapphires and emeralds, that glittered and gleamed in the fire and snow light.

enteredverbUS /ˈentərd/

past form of “enter” — to come or go into

From this reading They vanished under the window, but soon reappeared, having somehow climbed up the wall of the house; for they entered in perfect order by the window, as if melting through the transparency of the glass.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading It was covered with richest furs, and skins of gorgeous wild beasts, whose eyes were replaced by sapphires and emeralds, that glittered and gleamed in the fire and snow light.

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading It was covered with richest furs, and skins of gorgeous wild beasts, whose eyes were replaced by sapphires and emeralds, that glittered and gleamed in the fire and snow light.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading They vanished under the window, but soon reappeared, having somehow climbed up the wall of the house; for they entered in perfect order by the window, as if melting through the transparency of the glass.

frostnounUS /frɔːst/

ice crystals forming a white deposit (especially on objects outside)

From this reading The outermost skin sparkled with frost, but the inside ones were soft and warm and dry as the down under a swan's wing.

fursnounUS /fɜːrz/

plural of “fur” — the dressed hairy coat of a mammal

From this reading It was covered with richest furs, and skins of gorgeous wild beasts, whose eyes were replaced by sapphires and emeralds, that glittered and gleamed in the fire and snow light.

glassnounUS /ɡlæs/

a brittle transparent solid with irregular atomic structure

From this reading They vanished under the window, but soon reappeared, having somehow climbed up the wall of the house; for they entered in perfect order by the window, as if melting through the transparency of the glass.

gleamedverbUS /ɡliːmd/

past form of “gleam” — be shiny, as if wet

From this reading It was covered with richest furs, and skins of gorgeous wild beasts, whose eyes were replaced by sapphires and emeralds, that glittered and gleamed in the fire and snow light.

glitteredverbUS /ˈɡlɪtərd/

past form of “glitter” — be shiny, as if wet

From this reading It was covered with richest furs, and skins of gorgeous wild beasts, whose eyes were replaced by sapphires and emeralds, that glittered and gleamed in the fire and snow light.

gorgeousadjectiveUS /ˈɡɔːrdʒəs/

dazzlingly beautiful

From this reading It was covered with richest furs, and skins of gorgeous wild beasts, whose eyes were replaced by sapphires and emeralds, that glittered and gleamed in the fire and snow light.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading They vanished under the window, but soon reappeared, having somehow climbed up the wall of the house; for they entered in perfect order by the window, as if melting through the transparency of the glass.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading They vanished under the window, but soon reappeared, having somehow climbed up the wall of the house; for they entered in perfect order by the window, as if melting through the transparency of the glass.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading They vanished under the window, but soon reappeared, having somehow climbed up the wall of the house; for they entered in perfect order by the window, as if melting through the transparency of the glass.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

insideadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈsaɪd/

relating to or being on the side closer to the center or within a defined space

From this reading The outermost skin sparkled with frost, but the inside ones were soft and warm and dry as the down under a swan's wing.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was covered with richest furs, and skins of gorgeous wild beasts, whose eyes were replaced by sapphires and emeralds, that glittered and gleamed in the fire and snow light.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading It was covered with richest furs, and skins of gorgeous wild beasts, whose eyes were replaced by sapphires and emeralds, that glittered and gleamed in the fire and snow light.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

linenounUS /laɪn/

a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

litternounUS /ˈlɪtər/

the offspring at one birth of a multiparous mammal

From this reading They still carried the bier or litter.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

lookingnounUS /ˈlʊkɪŋ/

the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

meltingnounUS /ˈmeltɪŋ/

the process whereby heat changes something from a solid to a liquid

From this reading They vanished under the window, but soon reappeared, having somehow climbed up the wall of the house; for they entered in perfect order by the window, as if melting through the transparency of the glass.

midstnounUS /mɪdst/

the location of something surrounded by other things

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

neareradverbUS /ˈnɪrər/

(comparative of “near” or “close”) within a shorter distance

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

onesnounUS /wʌnz/

plural of “one” — the smallest whole number or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The outermost skin sparkled with frost, but the inside ones were soft and warm and dry as the down under a swan's wing.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading They still carried the bier or litter.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading They vanished under the window, but soon reappeared, having somehow climbed up the wall of the house; for they entered in perfect order by the window, as if melting through the transparency of the glass.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

outermostadjectiveUS /ˈaʊtərmoʊst/

situated at the farthest possible point from a center

From this reading The outermost skin sparkled with frost, but the inside ones were soft and warm and dry as the down under a swan's wing.

perfectadjectiveUS /pərˈfekt/

being complete of its kind and without defect or blemish

From this reading They vanished under the window, but soon reappeared, having somehow climbed up the wall of the house; for they entered in perfect order by the window, as if melting through the transparency of the glass.

reappearedverbUS /ˌriːəˈpɪrd/

past form of “reappear” — appear again

From this reading They vanished under the window, but soon reappeared, having somehow climbed up the wall of the house; for they entered in perfect order by the window, as if melting through the transparency of the glass.

replacedverbUS /ˌriːˈpleɪst/

past form of “replace” — substitute a person or thing for (another that is broken or inefficient or lost or no longer working or yielding what is expected)

From this reading It was covered with richest furs, and skins of gorgeous wild beasts, whose eyes were replaced by sapphires and emeralds, that glittered and gleamed in the fire and snow light.

richestadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtʃəst/

superlative of “rich” — possessing material wealth

From this reading It was covered with richest furs, and skins of gorgeous wild beasts, whose eyes were replaced by sapphires and emeralds, that glittered and gleamed in the fire and snow light.

rownounUS /roʊ/

an arrangement of objects or people side by side in a line

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

sapphiresnounUS /ˈsæfaɪərz/

plural of “sapphire” — a precious transparent stone of rich blue corundum valued as a gemstone

From this reading It was covered with richest furs, and skins of gorgeous wild beasts, whose eyes were replaced by sapphires and emeralds, that glittered and gleamed in the fire and snow light.

ShadowsnounUS /ˈʃædoʊz/

plural of “shadow” — shade within clear boundaries

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

showedverbUS /ʃoʊd/

past form of “show” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

skinnounUS /skɪn/

a natural protective body covering and site of the sense of touch

From this reading The outermost skin sparkled with frost, but the inside ones were soft and warm and dry as the down under a swan's wing.

skinsnounUS /skɪnz/

plural of “skin” — a natural protective body covering and site of the sense of touch

From this reading It was covered with richest furs, and skins of gorgeous wild beasts, whose eyes were replaced by sapphires and emeralds, that glittered and gleamed in the fire and snow light.

snownounUS /snoʊ/

precipitation falling from clouds in the form of ice crystals

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

softadjectiveUS /sɑːft/

yielding readily to pressure or weight

From this reading The outermost skin sparkled with frost, but the inside ones were soft and warm and dry as the down under a swan's wing.

somehowadverbUS /ˈsʌmhaʊ/

in some unspecified way or manner; or by some unspecified means

From this reading They vanished under the window, but soon reappeared, having somehow climbed up the wall of the house; for they entered in perfect order by the window, as if melting through the transparency of the glass.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading They vanished under the window, but soon reappeared, having somehow climbed up the wall of the house; for they entered in perfect order by the window, as if melting through the transparency of the glass.

sparkledverbUS /ˈspɑːrkəld/

past form of “sparkle” — reflect brightly

From this reading The outermost skin sparkled with frost, but the inside ones were soft and warm and dry as the down under a swan's wing.

spiedverbUS /spaɪd/

inflected form of “spy” — catch sight of

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading They still carried the bier or litter.

stretchedadjectiveUS /stretʃt/

(of muscles) relieved of stiffness by stretching

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

swan's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The outermost skin sparkled with frost, but the inside ones were soft and warm and dry as the down under a swan's wing.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It was covered with richest furs, and skins of gorgeous wild beasts, whose eyes were replaced by sapphires and emeralds, that glittered and gleamed in the fire and snow light.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They vanished under the window, but soon reappeared, having somehow climbed up the wall of the house; for they entered in perfect order by the window, as if melting through the transparency of the glass.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading They vanished under the window, but soon reappeared, having somehow climbed up the wall of the house; for they entered in perfect order by the window, as if melting through the transparency of the glass.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

transparencynounUS /trænˈsperənsi/

permitting the free passage of electromagnetic radiation

From this reading They vanished under the window, but soon reappeared, having somehow climbed up the wall of the house; for they entered in perfect order by the window, as if melting through the transparency of the glass.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading They vanished under the window, but soon reappeared, having somehow climbed up the wall of the house; for they entered in perfect order by the window, as if melting through the transparency of the glass.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading They vanished under the window, but soon reappeared, having somehow climbed up the wall of the house; for they entered in perfect order by the window, as if melting through the transparency of the glass.

vanishedadjectiveUS /ˈvænɪʃt/

having passed out of existence

From this reading They vanished under the window, but soon reappeared, having somehow climbed up the wall of the house; for they entered in perfect order by the window, as if melting through the transparency of the glass.

walkingadjectiveUS /ˈwɔːkɪŋ/

close enough to be walked to

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

wallnounUS /wɔːl/

an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading They vanished under the window, but soon reappeared, having somehow climbed up the wall of the house; for they entered in perfect order by the window, as if melting through the transparency of the glass.

warmadjectiveUS /wɔːrm/

having or producing a comfortable and agreeable degree of heat or imparting or maintaining heat

From this reading The outermost skin sparkled with frost, but the inside ones were soft and warm and dry as the down under a swan's wing.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was covered with richest furs, and skins of gorgeous wild beasts, whose eyes were replaced by sapphires and emeralds, that glittered and gleamed in the fire and snow light.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading It was covered with richest furs, and skins of gorgeous wild beasts, whose eyes were replaced by sapphires and emeralds, that glittered and gleamed in the fire and snow light.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading It was covered with richest furs, and skins of gorgeous wild beasts, whose eyes were replaced by sapphires and emeralds, that glittered and gleamed in the fire and snow light.

wideadjectiveUS /waɪd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading But as he lay looking out on the snow, which stretched blank and wide before him, he spied in the distance a long dark line which drew nearer and nearer, and showed itself at last to be all the Shadows, walking in a double row, and carrying in the midst of them something like a bier.

wildadjectiveUS /waɪld/

marked by extreme lack of restraint or control

From this reading It was covered with richest furs, and skins of gorgeous wild beasts, whose eyes were replaced by sapphires and emeralds, that glittered and gleamed in the fire and snow light.

windownounUS /ˈwɪndoʊ/

a framework of wood or metal that contains a glass windowpane and is built into a wall or roof to admit light or air

From this reading They vanished under the window, but soon reappeared, having somehow climbed up the wall of the house; for they entered in perfect order by the window, as if melting through the transparency of the glass.

wingnounUS /wɪŋ/

a movable organ for flying (one of a pair)

From this reading The outermost skin sparkled with frost, but the inside ones were soft and warm and dry as the down under a swan's wing.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It was covered with richest furs, and skins of gorgeous wild beasts, whose eyes were replaced by sapphires and emeralds, that glittered and gleamed in the fire and snow light.

Chapter 2 of Cross Purposes and The Shadows by George MacDonald holds 510 sentences, grouped into 102 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Cross Purposes and The Shadows contain?

Chapter 2 holds 510 sentences of Cross Purposes and The Shadows, unabridged, divided into 102 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Cross Purposes and The Shadows by George MacDonald exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 510 sentences, grouped into 102 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Cross Purposes and The Shadows?

Work through the 102 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 102 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Cross Purposes and The Shadows

Common questions about reading Cross Purposes and The Shadows by George MacDonald on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Cross Purposes and The Shadows?

Yes. All 1021 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #18859 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Cross Purposes and The Shadows is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #18859, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Cross Purposes and The Shadows take to read?

About 85 minutes of reading across 205 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Cross Purposes and The Shadows section by section

How to work through Cross Purposes and The Shadows section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 2 chapters of Cross Purposes and The Shadows to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Cross Purposes and The Shadows

Words and structures a reader meets early in Cross Purposes and The Shadows, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Mortal
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cross Purposes and The Shadows; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fairy
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cross Purposes and The Shadows; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Either
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cross Purposes and The Shadows; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Where
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cross Purposes and The Shadows; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.