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Crossing the Plains, Days of '57
Crossing the Plains, Days of '57

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Crossing the Plains, Days of '57 is here in full — 8 sentences across 2 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Crossing the Plains, Days of '57
Context Illustration Reading 1/1 · 8 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 8
"Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67
Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173
Pack-mule route to placer diggings 175 FOREWORD Diligent inquiry has failed to disclose the existence of an authentic and comprehensive narrative of a _pioneer_ journey across the plains.
With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.
A very large proportion of the people now residing in the Far West are descendants of emigrants who came by the precarious means afforded by ox-team conveyances.
For some three-score years the younger generations have heard from the lips of their ancestors enough of that wonderful pilgrimage to create among them a widespread demand for a complete and typical narrative.
This story consists of facts, with the real names of the actors in the drama.
The events, gay, grave and tragic, are according to indelible recollections of eye-witnesses, including those of THE AUTHOR. W. A. M., _Ukiah, California, 1915._ CROSSING THE PLAINS DAYS OF '57
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Crossing the Plains, Days of '57

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Crossing the Plains, Days of '57 is here in full — 8 sentences across 2 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/1 · 8 reading units · Lines 1–8

Line 1
"Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67
Line 2
Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173
Line 3
Pack-mule route to placer diggings 175 FOREWORD Diligent inquiry has failed to disclose the existence of an authentic and comprehensive narrative of a _pioneer_ journey across the plains.
Line 4
With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.
/wɪð ðə ɪkˈsepʃən ʌv sʌm ˌɪmˈprɑːbəbəl jɑːrnz ənd ˌdɪskəˈnektɪd ˈɪnsədənts rɪˈleɪtɪŋ tuː ðə ˈɜːrliər ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz ðə səbˈdʒekt hæz bɪn ˈtriːtɪd ˈmeɪnli frʌm ðə ˈstændpɔɪnt ʌv ˈpiːpəl huː ˈtrævəld ˈwestwərd æt ə taɪm wen ðə riːl ˈhɑːrdʃɪps ənd ˈperəlz ʌv ðə trɪp wɜːr mʌtʃ les ðæn ðoʊz ɪnˈkaʊntərd ɪn ðə ˈfɪftiz/
Line 5
A very large proportion of the people now residing in the Far West are descendants of emigrants who came by the precarious means afforded by ox-team conveyances.
Line 6
For some three-score years the younger generations have heard from the lips of their ancestors enough of that wonderful pilgrimage to create among them a widespread demand for a complete and typical narrative.
Line 7
This story consists of facts, with the real names of the actors in the drama.
/ðɪs ˈstɔːri kənˈsɪsts ʌv fækts wɪð ðə riːl neɪmz ʌv ðə ˈæktərz ɪn ðə ˈdrɑːmə/
Line 8
The events, gay, grave and tragic, are according to indelible recollections of eye-witnesses, including those of THE AUTHOR. W. A. M., _Ukiah, California, 1915._ CROSSING THE PLAINS DAYS OF '57

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

disconnected adjective US /ˌdɪskəˈnektɪd/

(music) marked by or composed of disconnected parts or sounds; cut short crisply

From this reading “With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.”

fifties noun US /ˈfɪftiz/

the decade from 1950 to 1959

From this reading “With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.”

foreword noun US /ˈfɔːrwɜːrd/

a short introductory essay preceding the text of a book

From this reading “Pack-mule route to placer diggings 175 FOREWORD Diligent inquiry has failed to disclose the existence of an authentic and comprehensive narrative of a _pioneer_ journey across the plains.”

indelible adjective US /ˌɪnˈdelɪbəl/

cannot be removed or erased

From this reading “The events, gay, grave and tragic, are according to indelible recollections of eye-witnesses, including those of THE AUTHOR. W. A. M., _Ukiah, California, 1915._ CROSSING THE PLAINS DAYS OF '57”

placer noun US /ˈplæsər/

an alluvial deposit that contains particles of some valuable mineral

From this reading “Pack-mule route to placer diggings 175 FOREWORD Diligent inquiry has failed to disclose the existence of an authentic and comprehensive narrative of a _pioneer_ journey across the plains.”

Platte noun US /plæt/

a river in Nebraska that flows eastward to become a tributary of the Missouri River

From this reading “"Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67”

Serenade noun US /ˌserəˈneɪd/

a musical composition in several movements; has no fixed form

From this reading “Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173”

widespread adjective US /ˈwaɪdˈspred/

widely circulated or diffused

From this reading “For some three-score years the younger generations have heard from the lips of their ancestors enough of that wonderful pilgrimage to create among them a widespread demand for a complete and typical narrative.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

fifty cents noun + noun counted as “fifty cent”

In this reading “Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173”

younger generations adjective + noun counted as “younger generation”

In this reading “For some three-score years the younger generations have heard from the lips of their ancestors enough of that wonderful pilgrimage to create among them a widespread demand for a complete and typical narrative.”

twenty years noun + noun

In this reading “Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173”

large proportion adjective + noun

In this reading “A very large proportion of the people now residing in the Far West are descendants of emigrants who came by the precarious means afforded by ox-team conveyances.”

through the crevice preposition + article + noun counted as “through … crevice”

In this reading “"Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67”

With the exception preposition + article + noun counted as “with … exception”

In this reading “With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.”

from the standpoint preposition + article + noun counted as “from … standpoint”

In this reading “With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.”

journey across verb + particle

In this reading “Pack-mule route to placer diggings 175 FOREWORD Diligent inquiry has failed to disclose the existence of an authentic and comprehensive narrative of a _pioneer_ journey across the plains.”

All words in this reading · 192

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

100

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

109

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

11

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

136

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

146

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

156

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

173

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

175

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Pack-mule route to placer diggings 175 FOREWORD Diligent inquiry has failed to disclose the existence of an authentic and comprehensive narrative of a _pioneer_ journey across the plains.

1857

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

1914

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

1915

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The events, gay, grave and tragic, are according to indelible recollections of eye-witnesses, including those of THE AUTHOR. W. A. M., _Ukiah, California, 1915._ CROSSING THE PLAINS DAYS OF '57

21

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

27

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

38

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

57

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

67

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

72

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

74

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

accordingadjectiveUS /əˈkɔːrdɪŋ/

(followed by “to”) in agreement with or accordant with

From this reading The events, gay, grave and tragic, are according to indelible recollections of eye-witnesses, including those of THE AUTHOR. W. A. M., _Ukiah, California, 1915._ CROSSING THE PLAINS DAYS OF '57

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading Pack-mule route to placer diggings 175 FOREWORD Diligent inquiry has failed to disclose the existence of an authentic and comprehensive narrative of a _pioneer_ journey across the plains.

actorsnounUS /ˈæktərz/

plural of “actor” — a theatrical performer

From this reading This story consists of facts, with the real names of the actors in the drama.

advantagenounUS /ædˈvæntɪdʒ/

the quality of having a superior or more favorable position

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

affordedverbUS /əˈfɔːrdəd/

past form of “afford” — be able to spare or give up

From this reading A very large proportion of the people now residing in the Far West are descendants of emigrants who came by the precarious means afforded by ox-team conveyances.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading For some three-score years the younger generations have heard from the lips of their ancestors enough of that wonderful pilgrimage to create among them a widespread demand for a complete and typical narrative.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Pack-mule route to placer diggings 175 FOREWORD Diligent inquiry has failed to disclose the existence of an authentic and comprehensive narrative of a _pioneer_ journey across the plains.

ancestorsnounUS /ˈænsestərz/

plural of “ancestor” — someone from whom you are descended (but usually more remote than a grandparent)

From this reading For some three-score years the younger generations have heard from the lips of their ancestors enough of that wonderful pilgrimage to create among them a widespread demand for a complete and typical narrative.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Pack-mule route to placer diggings 175 FOREWORD Diligent inquiry has failed to disclose the existence of an authentic and comprehensive narrative of a _pioneer_ journey across the plains.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading A very large proportion of the people now residing in the Far West are descendants of emigrants who came by the precarious means afforded by ox-team conveyances.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.

authenticadjectiveUS /əˈθentɪk/

conforming to fact and therefore worthy of belief

From this reading Pack-mule route to placer diggings 175 FOREWORD Diligent inquiry has failed to disclose the existence of an authentic and comprehensive narrative of a _pioneer_ journey across the plains.

AuthornounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

barrelnounUS /ˈbærəl/

a tube through which a bullet travels when a gun is fired

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.

Bone-writing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

BushnounUS /bʊʃ/

a low woody perennial plant usually having several major stems

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading A very large proportion of the people now residing in the Far West are descendants of emigrants who came by the precarious means afforded by ox-team conveyances.

CalifornianounUS /ˌkæləˈfɔːrnjə/

a state in the western United States on the Pacific; the 3rd largest state; known for earthquakes

From this reading The events, gay, grave and tragic, are according to indelible recollections of eye-witnesses, including those of THE AUTHOR. W. A. M., _Ukiah, California, 1915._ CROSSING THE PLAINS DAYS OF '57

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading A very large proportion of the people now residing in the Far West are descendants of emigrants who came by the precarious means afforded by ox-team conveyances.

centsnounUS /sents/

plural of “cent” — a fractional monetary unit of several countries

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

coignnoun

expandable metal or wooden wedge used by printers to lock up a form within a chase

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

completeverbUS /kəmˈpliːt/

come or bring to a finish or an end

From this reading For some three-score years the younger generations have heard from the lips of their ancestors enough of that wonderful pilgrimage to create among them a widespread demand for a complete and typical narrative.

comprehensiveadjectiveUS /ˌkɑːmpriˈhensɪv/

including all or everything

From this reading Pack-mule route to placer diggings 175 FOREWORD Diligent inquiry has failed to disclose the existence of an authentic and comprehensive narrative of a _pioneer_ journey across the plains.

consistsverbUS /kənˈsɪsts/

third-person singular of “consist” — originate

From this reading This story consists of facts, with the real names of the actors in the drama.

consumedverbUS /kənˈsuːmd/

past form of “consume” — eat up completely, as with great appetite

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

continuedadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːd/

without stop or interruption

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

conveyances

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A very large proportion of the people now residing in the Far West are descendants of emigrants who came by the precarious means afforded by ox-team conveyances.

costnounUS /kɑːst/

the total spent for goods or services including money and time and labor

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

CoyotenounUS /kaɪˈoʊti/

small wolf native to western North America

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

createverbUS /kriˈeɪt/

make or cause to be or to become

From this reading For some three-score years the younger generations have heard from the lips of their ancestors enough of that wonderful pilgrimage to create among them a widespread demand for a complete and typical narrative.

crevicenounUS /ˈkrevəs/

a long narrow depression in a surface

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

CROSSINGnounUS /ˈkrɔːsɪŋ/

traveling across

From this reading The events, gay, grave and tragic, are according to indelible recollections of eye-witnesses, including those of THE AUTHOR. W. A. M., _Ukiah, California, 1915._ CROSSING THE PLAINS DAYS OF '57

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

DAYSnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading The events, gay, grave and tragic, are according to indelible recollections of eye-witnesses, including those of THE AUTHOR. W. A. M., _Ukiah, California, 1915._ CROSSING THE PLAINS DAYS OF '57

demandnounUS /dɪˈmænd/

an urgent or peremptory request

From this reading For some three-score years the younger generations have heard from the lips of their ancestors enough of that wonderful pilgrimage to create among them a widespread demand for a complete and typical narrative.

descendantsnounUS /dɪˈsendənts/

all of the offspring of a given progenitor

From this reading A very large proportion of the people now residing in the Far West are descendants of emigrants who came by the precarious means afforded by ox-team conveyances.

digverbUS /dɪɡ/

turn up, loosen, or remove earth

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

diggingsnoun

an excavation for ore or precious stones or for archaeology

From this reading Pack-mule route to placer diggings 175 FOREWORD Diligent inquiry has failed to disclose the existence of an authentic and comprehensive narrative of a _pioneer_ journey across the plains.

DiligentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪlɪdʒənt/

quietly and steadily persevering especially in detail or exactness

From this reading Pack-mule route to placer diggings 175 FOREWORD Diligent inquiry has failed to disclose the existence of an authentic and comprehensive narrative of a _pioneer_ journey across the plains.

discloseverbUS /dɪˈskloʊz/

make known to the public information that was previously known only to a few people or that was meant to be kept a secret

From this reading Pack-mule route to placer diggings 175 FOREWORD Diligent inquiry has failed to disclose the existence of an authentic and comprehensive narrative of a _pioneer_ journey across the plains.

disconnectedadjectiveUS /ˌdɪskəˈnektɪd/

(music) marked by or composed of disconnected parts or sounds; cut short crisply

From this reading With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.

Diveer's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

dramanounUS /ˈdrɑːmə/

a dramatic work intended for performance by actors on a stage

From this reading This story consists of facts, with the real names of the actors in the drama.

earlieradverbUS /ˈɜːrliər/

earlier in time; previously

From this reading With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.

emigrantsnounUS /ˈeməɡrənts/

plural of “emigrant” — someone who leaves one country to settle in another

From this reading A very large proportion of the people now residing in the Far West are descendants of emigrants who came by the precarious means afforded by ox-team conveyances.

encounteredverbUS /ɪnˈkaʊntərd/

past form of “encounter” — come together

From this reading With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading For some three-score years the younger generations have heard from the lips of their ancestors enough of that wonderful pilgrimage to create among them a widespread demand for a complete and typical narrative.

entireadjectiveUS /ɪnˈtaɪər/

constituting the full quantity or extent; complete

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

eventsnounUS /ɪˈvents/

plural of “event” — something that happens at a given place and time

From this reading The events, gay, grave and tragic, are according to indelible recollections of eye-witnesses, including those of THE AUTHOR. W. A. M., _Ukiah, California, 1915._ CROSSING THE PLAINS DAYS OF '57

exceptionnounUS /ɪkˈsepʃən/

a deliberate act of omission

From this reading With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.

existencenounUS /eɡˈzɪstəns/

the state or fact of existing

From this reading Pack-mule route to placer diggings 175 FOREWORD Diligent inquiry has failed to disclose the existence of an authentic and comprehensive narrative of a _pioneer_ journey across the plains.

experiencesnounUS /ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz/

plural of “experience” — the accumulation of knowledge or skill that results from direct participation in events or activities

From this reading With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.

eye-witnesses

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The events, gay, grave and tragic, are according to indelible recollections of eye-witnesses, including those of THE AUTHOR. W. A. M., _Ukiah, California, 1915._ CROSSING THE PLAINS DAYS OF '57

factsnounUS /fækts/

plural of “fact” — a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading This story consists of facts, with the real names of the actors in the drama.

failedverbUS /feɪld/

past form of “fail” — fail to do something; leave something undone

From this reading Pack-mule route to placer diggings 175 FOREWORD Diligent inquiry has failed to disclose the existence of an authentic and comprehensive narrative of a _pioneer_ journey across the plains.

FaradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading A very large proportion of the people now residing in the Far West are descendants of emigrants who came by the precarious means afforded by ox-team conveyances.

fiftiesnounUS /ˈfɪftiz/

the decade from 1950 to 1959

From this reading With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.

fiftynounUS /ˈfɪfti/

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and five

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

fleeverbUS /fliː/

run away quickly

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For some three-score years the younger generations have heard from the lips of their ancestors enough of that wonderful pilgrimage to create among them a widespread demand for a complete and typical narrative.

Fordingnoun

the act of crossing a stream or river by wading or in a car or on a horse

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

FOREWORDnounUS /ˈfɔːrwɜːrd/

a short introductory essay preceding the text of a book

From this reading Pack-mule route to placer diggings 175 FOREWORD Diligent inquiry has failed to disclose the existence of an authentic and comprehensive narrative of a _pioneer_ journey across the plains.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

gayadjectiveUS /ɡeɪ/

bright and pleasant; promoting a feeling of cheer

From this reading The events, gay, grave and tragic, are according to indelible recollections of eye-witnesses, including those of THE AUTHOR. W. A. M., _Ukiah, California, 1915._ CROSSING THE PLAINS DAYS OF '57

generationsnounUS /ˌdʒenərˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “generation” — all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age

From this reading For some three-score years the younger generations have heard from the lips of their ancestors enough of that wonderful pilgrimage to create among them a widespread demand for a complete and typical narrative.

goldnounUS /ɡoʊld/

coins made of gold

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

gravenounUS /ɡreɪv/

death of a person

From this reading The events, gay, grave and tragic, are according to indelible recollections of eye-witnesses, including those of THE AUTHOR. W. A. M., _Ukiah, California, 1915._ CROSSING THE PLAINS DAYS OF '57

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

hardshipsnounUS /ˈhɑːrdʃɪps/

plural of “hardship” — a state of misfortune or affliction

From this reading With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Pack-mule route to placer diggings 175 FOREWORD Diligent inquiry has failed to disclose the existence of an authentic and comprehensive narrative of a _pioneer_ journey across the plains.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading For some three-score years the younger generations have heard from the lips of their ancestors enough of that wonderful pilgrimage to create among them a widespread demand for a complete and typical narrative.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading For some three-score years the younger generations have heard from the lips of their ancestors enough of that wonderful pilgrimage to create among them a widespread demand for a complete and typical narrative.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

Holloway

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

improbableadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈprɑːbəbəl/

not likely to be true or to occur or to have occurred

From this reading With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.

impulsenounUS /ˈɪmpəls/

an instinctive motive

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

incidentsnounUS /ˈɪnsədənts/

plural of “incident” — a single distinct event

From this reading With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.

includingverbUS /ˌɪnˈkluːdɪŋ/

-ing form of “include” — have as a part, be made up out of

From this reading The events, gay, grave and tragic, are according to indelible recollections of eye-witnesses, including those of THE AUTHOR. W. A. M., _Ukiah, California, 1915._ CROSSING THE PLAINS DAYS OF '57

indelibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈdelɪbəl/

cannot be removed or erased

From this reading The events, gay, grave and tragic, are according to indelible recollections of eye-witnesses, including those of THE AUTHOR. W. A. M., _Ukiah, California, 1915._ CROSSING THE PLAINS DAYS OF '57

inquirynounUS /ˌɪnˈkwaɪriː/

a search for knowledge

From this reading Pack-mule route to placer diggings 175 FOREWORD Diligent inquiry has failed to disclose the existence of an authentic and comprehensive narrative of a _pioneer_ journey across the plains.

JerrynounUS /ˈdʒeri/

offensive term for a person of German descent

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

journeyverbUS /ˈdʒɜːrni/

undertake a journey or trip

From this reading Pack-mule route to placer diggings 175 FOREWORD Diligent inquiry has failed to disclose the existence of an authentic and comprehensive narrative of a _pioneer_ journey across the plains.

JudgeverbUS /dʒʌdʒ/

determine the result of (a competition)

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading A very large proportion of the people now residing in the Far West are descendants of emigrants who came by the precarious means afforded by ox-team conveyances.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.

lipsnounUS /lɪps/

plural of “lip” — either of two fleshy folds of tissue that surround the mouth and play a role in speaking

From this reading For some three-score years the younger generations have heard from the lips of their ancestors enough of that wonderful pilgrimage to create among them a widespread demand for a complete and typical narrative.

loweredadjectiveUS /ˈloʊərd/

below the surround or below the normal position

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

MnounUS /em/

the basic unit of length adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites (approximately 1.094 yards)

From this reading The events, gay, grave and tragic, are according to indelible recollections of eye-witnesses, including those of THE AUTHOR. W. A. M., _Ukiah, California, 1915._ CROSSING THE PLAINS DAYS OF '57

mainlyadverbUS /ˈmeɪnli/

for the most part

From this reading With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading A very large proportion of the people now residing in the Far West are descendants of emigrants who came by the precarious means afforded by ox-team conveyances.

Melican

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

melodynounUS /ˈmelədi/

a succession of notes forming a distinctive sequence

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.

namesnounUS /neɪmz/

verbal abuse; a crude substitute for argument

From this reading This story consists of facts, with the real names of the actors in the drama.

NancynounUS /ˈnænsi/

a city in northeastern France in Lorraine

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

narrativenounUS /ˈnærətɪv/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading Pack-mule route to placer diggings 175 FOREWORD Diligent inquiry has failed to disclose the existence of an authentic and comprehensive narrative of a _pioneer_ journey across the plains.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading A very large proportion of the people now residing in the Far West are descendants of emigrants who came by the precarious means afforded by ox-team conveyances.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

ox-team

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A very large proportion of the people now residing in the Far West are descendants of emigrants who came by the precarious means afforded by ox-team conveyances.

Pack-mule

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Pack-mule route to placer diggings 175 FOREWORD Diligent inquiry has failed to disclose the existence of an authentic and comprehensive narrative of a _pioneer_ journey across the plains.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.

perilsnounUS /ˈperəlz/

plural of “peril” — a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune

From this reading With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.

pilgrimagenounUS /ˈpɪlɡrəmədʒ/

a journey to a sacred place

From this reading For some three-score years the younger generations have heard from the lips of their ancestors enough of that wonderful pilgrimage to create among them a widespread demand for a complete and typical narrative.

pioneernounUS /ˌpaɪəˈnɪr/

someone who helps to open up a new line of research or technology or art

From this reading Pack-mule route to placer diggings 175 FOREWORD Diligent inquiry has failed to disclose the existence of an authentic and comprehensive narrative of a _pioneer_ journey across the plains.

placernounUS /ˈplæsər/

an alluvial deposit that contains particles of some valuable mineral

From this reading Pack-mule route to placer diggings 175 FOREWORD Diligent inquiry has failed to disclose the existence of an authentic and comprehensive narrative of a _pioneer_ journey across the plains.

plainsnounUS /pleɪnz/

plural of “plain” — extensive tract of level open land

From this reading Pack-mule route to placer diggings 175 FOREWORD Diligent inquiry has failed to disclose the existence of an authentic and comprehensive narrative of a _pioneer_ journey across the plains.

PlattenounUS /plæt/

a river in Nebraska that flows eastward to become a tributary of the Missouri River

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

precariousadjectiveUS /priˈkeriəs/

affording no ease or reassurance

From this reading A very large proportion of the people now residing in the Far West are descendants of emigrants who came by the precarious means afforded by ox-team conveyances.

proportionnounUS /prəˈpɔːrʃən/

the quotient obtained when the magnitude of a part is divided by the magnitude of the whole

From this reading A very large proportion of the people now residing in the Far West are descendants of emigrants who came by the precarious means afforded by ox-team conveyances.

realadjectiveUS /riːl/

being or occurring in fact or actuality; having verified existence; not illusory

From this reading With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.

recollectionsnounUS /ˌrekəˈlekʃənz/

plural of “recollection” — the ability to recall past occurrences

From this reading The events, gay, grave and tragic, are according to indelible recollections of eye-witnesses, including those of THE AUTHOR. W. A. M., _Ukiah, California, 1915._ CROSSING THE PLAINS DAYS OF '57

relatingverbUS /rɪˈleɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “relate” — make a logical or causal connection

From this reading With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.

residingverbUS /rɪˈzaɪdɪŋ/

-ing form of “reside” — make one's home in a particular place or community

From this reading A very large proportion of the people now residing in the Far West are descendants of emigrants who came by the precarious means afforded by ox-team conveyances.

routenounUS /ruːt/

an established line of travel or access

From this reading Pack-mule route to placer diggings 175 FOREWORD Diligent inquiry has failed to disclose the existence of an authentic and comprehensive narrative of a _pioneer_ journey across the plains.

sangnounUS /sæŋ/

North American woodland herb similar to and used as substitute for the Chinese ginseng

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

SerenadenounUS /ˌserəˈneɪd/

a musical composition in several movements; has no fixed form

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

shootverbUS /ʃuːt/

hit with a missile from a weapon

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

shoutedadjectiveUS /ˈʃaʊtɪd/

in a vehement outcry

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

sipnounUS /sɪp/

a small drink

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

slightnounUS /slaɪt/

a deliberate discourteous act (usually as an expression of anger or disapproval)

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.

standpointnounUS /ˈstændpɔɪnt/

a mental position from which things are viewed

From this reading With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.

StopverbUS /stɑːp/

come to a halt, stop moving

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

storynounUS /ˈstɔːri/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading This story consists of facts, with the real names of the actors in the drama.

subjectnounUS /səbˈdʒekt/

the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.

sufficientadjectiveUS /səˈfɪʃənt/

of a quantity that can fulfill a need or requirement but without being abundant

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

supplicationnoun

a prayer asking God's help as part of a religious service

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading For some three-score years the younger generations have heard from the lips of their ancestors enough of that wonderful pilgrimage to create among them a widespread demand for a complete and typical narrative.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading For some three-score years the younger generations have heard from the lips of their ancestors enough of that wonderful pilgrimage to create among them a widespread demand for a complete and typical narrative.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This story consists of facts, with the real names of the actors in the drama.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.

three-score

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For some three-score years the younger generations have heard from the lips of their ancestors enough of that wonderful pilgrimage to create among them a widespread demand for a complete and typical narrative.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

tragicadjectiveUS /ˈtrædʒɪk/

very sad; especially involving grief or death or destruction

From this reading The events, gay, grave and tragic, are according to indelible recollections of eye-witnesses, including those of THE AUTHOR. W. A. M., _Ukiah, California, 1915._ CROSSING THE PLAINS DAYS OF '57

traveledadjectiveUS /ˈtrævəld/

traveled over or through; sometimes used as a combining term

From this reading With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.

treatedadjectiveUS /ˈtriːtɪd/

subjected to a physical (or chemical) treatment or action or agent

From this reading With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.

tripnounUS /trɪp/

a journey for some purpose (usually including the return)

From this reading With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.

twentynounUS /ˈtwenti/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nineteen and one

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

typicaladjectiveUS /ˈtɪpəkəl/

exhibiting the qualities or characteristics that identify a group or kind or category

From this reading For some three-score years the younger generations have heard from the lips of their ancestors enough of that wonderful pilgrimage to create among them a widespread demand for a complete and typical narrative.

Ukiah

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The events, gay, grave and tragic, are according to indelible recollections of eye-witnesses, including those of THE AUTHOR. W. A. M., _Ukiah, California, 1915._ CROSSING THE PLAINS DAYS OF '57

upraisedadjective

held up in the air

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

VannounUS /væn/

any creative group active in the innovation and application of new concepts and techniques in a given field (especially in the arts)

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

vantagenounUS /ˈvæntədʒ/

place or situation affording some advantage (especially a comprehensive view or commanding perspective)

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading A very large proportion of the people now residing in the Far West are descendants of emigrants who came by the precarious means afforded by ox-team conveyances.

WnounUS /ˈdʌbəljuː/

a heavy grey-white metallic element; the pure form is used mainly in electrical applications; it is found in several ores including wolframite and scheelite

From this reading The events, gay, grave and tragic, are according to indelible recollections of eye-witnesses, including those of THE AUTHOR. W. A. M., _Ukiah, California, 1915._ CROSSING THE PLAINS DAYS OF '57

wagonsnounUS /ˈwæɡənz/

plural of “wagon” — any of various kinds of wheeled vehicles drawn by an animal or a tractor

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

WestnounUS /west/

the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America

From this reading A very large proportion of the people now residing in the Far West are descendants of emigrants who came by the precarious means afforded by ox-team conveyances.

westwardadverbUS /ˈwestwərd/

toward the west

From this reading With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.

widespreadadjectiveUS /ˈwaɪdˈspred/

widely circulated or diffused

From this reading For some three-score years the younger generations have heard from the lips of their ancestors enough of that wonderful pilgrimage to create among them a widespread demand for a complete and typical narrative.

WithprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

wonderfuladjectiveUS /ˈwʌndərfəl/

extraordinarily good or great; used especially as intensifiers

From this reading For some three-score years the younger generations have heard from the lips of their ancestors enough of that wonderful pilgrimage to create among them a widespread demand for a complete and typical narrative.

yarnsnounUS /jɑːrnz/

plural of “yarn” — the act of giving an account describing incidents or a course of events

From this reading With the exception of some improbable yarns and disconnected incidents relating to the earlier experiences, the subject has been treated mainly from the standpoint of people who traveled westward at a time when the real hardships and perils of the trip were much less than those encountered in the fifties.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Jerry Bush, 1914 72 Nancy Holloway, 1857 74 The Author, twenty years after 100 A Coyote Serenade 109 "Van Diveer's advantage was slight but sufficient" 136 "A sip from the barrel cost fifty cents" 146 "'Stop,' shouted the Judge" 156 "'Melican man dig gold" 173

yieldedverbUS /ˈjiːldɪd/

past form of “yield” — be the cause or source of

From this reading "Fording the Platte consumed one entire day" 11 "From our coign of vantage we continued to shoot" 21 "One melody that he sang from the heart" 27 "The wagons were lowered through the crevice" 38 Bone-writing 57 "With hand upraised in supplication, yielded to the impulse to flee" 67

youngeradjectiveUS /ˈjʌŋɡər/

used of the younger of two persons of the same name especially used to distinguish a son from his father

From this reading For some three-score years the younger generations have heard from the lips of their ancestors enough of that wonderful pilgrimage to create among them a widespread demand for a complete and typical narrative.

Chapter 1 of Crossing the Plains, Days of '57 by Wm. Audley (William Audley), -1921 Maxwell holds 8 sentences, grouped into 2 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Crossing the Plains, Days of '57 contain?

Chapter 1 holds 8 sentences of Crossing the Plains, Days of '57, unabridged, divided into 2 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Crossing the Plains, Days of '57 by Wm. Audley (William Audley), -1921 Maxwell exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 8 sentences, grouped into 2 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Crossing the Plains, Days of '57?

Work through the 2 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 2 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Crossing the Plains, Days of '57

Common questions about reading Crossing the Plains, Days of '57 by Wm. Audley (William Audley), -1921 Maxwell on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Crossing the Plains, Days of '57?

Yes. All 1047 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #26858 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Crossing the Plains, Days of '57 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #26858, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Crossing the Plains, Days of '57 take to read?

About 87 minutes of reading across 210 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Crossing the Plains, Days of '57 section by section

How to work through Crossing the Plains, Days of '57 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Crossing the Plains, Days of '57

Words and structures a reader meets early in Crossing the Plains, Days of '57, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Fording
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Crossing the Plains, Days of '57; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Platte
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Crossing the Plains, Days of '57; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Consumed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Crossing the Plains, Days of '57; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Entire
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Crossing the Plains, Days of '57; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.