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Cruel as the grave
Cruel as the grave

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Cruel as the grave is here in full — 66 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Cruel as the grave
Context Illustration Reading 1/13 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
JOHN LYON HOWE.
"A brow half martial and half diplomatic, An eye upsoaring like an eagle's wing."
John Lyon Howe was the younger son of a planter, residing in one of the wildest mountain regions in central Virginia.
The elder Howe was blessed with a large family, and cursed with a heavily mortgaged estate--a combination of circumstances not unusual among the warm-hearted, generous and extravagant people of the Old Dominion.
John Lyon Howe had been educated in the Law School of the University of Virginia, where, at the age of twenty-three, he graduated with the highest honors.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Cruel as the grave

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Cruel as the grave is here in full — 66 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/13 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
JOHN LYON HOWE.
/dʒɑːn ˈlaɪən haʊ/
Line 2
"A brow half martial and half diplomatic, An eye upsoaring like an eagle's wing."
Line 3
John Lyon Howe was the younger son of a planter, residing in one of the wildest mountain regions in central Virginia.
/dʒɑːn ˈlaɪən haʊ wɑːz ðə ˈjʌŋɡər sʌn ʌv ə ˈplæntər rɪˈzaɪdɪŋ ɪn wʌn ʌv ðə ˈwaɪldɪst ˈmaʊntən ˈriːdʒənz ɪn ˈsentrəl vərˈdʒɪnjə/
Line 4
The elder Howe was blessed with a large family, and cursed with a heavily mortgaged estate--a combination of circumstances not unusual among the warm-hearted, generous and extravagant people of the Old Dominion.
Line 5
John Lyon Howe had been educated in the Law School of the University of Virginia, where, at the age of twenty-three, he graduated with the highest honors.
/dʒɑːn ˈlaɪən haʊ hæd bɪn ˈedʒəkeɪtɪd ɪn ðə lɔː skuːl ʌv ðə ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəti ʌv vərˈdʒɪnjə wer æt ðə eɪdʒ ʌv ˈtwentiθriː hiː ˈɡrædʒuːeɪtɪd wɪð ðə ˈhaɪəst ˈɑːnərz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

eagle's noun US /ˈiːɡəlz/

possessive form of “eagle” — any of various large keen-sighted diurnal birds of prey noted for their broad wings and strong soaring flight

From this reading “"A brow half martial and half diplomatic, An eye upsoaring like an eagle's wing."”

graduated adjective US /ˈɡrædʒuːeɪtɪd/

marked with or divided into degrees

From this reading “John Lyon Howe had been educated in the Law School of the University of Virginia, where, at the age of twenty-three, he graduated with the highest honors.”

howe noun US /haʊ/

United States editor (1920-1993)

From this reading “JOHN LYON HOWE.”

lyon noun US /ˈlaɪən/

a city in east-central France on the Rhone River; a principal producer of silk and rayon

From this reading “JOHN LYON HOWE.”

mortgaged adjective US /ˈmɔːrɡɪdʒd/

burdened with legal or financial obligations

From this reading “The elder Howe was blessed with a large family, and cursed with a heavily mortgaged estate--a combination of circumstances not unusual among the warm-hearted, generous and extravagant people of the Old Dominion.”

planter noun US /ˈplæntər/

the owner or manager of a plantation

From this reading “John Lyon Howe was the younger son of a planter, residing in one of the wildest mountain regions in central Virginia.”

residing verb US /rɪˈzaɪdɪŋ/

-ing form of “reside” — make one's home in a particular place or community

From this reading “John Lyon Howe was the younger son of a planter, residing in one of the wildest mountain regions in central Virginia.”

twenty-three noun US /ˈtwentiθriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of twenty-two and one

From this reading “John Lyon Howe had been educated in the Law School of the University of Virginia, where, at the age of twenty-three, he graduated with the highest honors.”

All words in this reading · 63

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "A brow half martial and half diplomatic, An eye upsoaring like an eagle's wing."

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading John Lyon Howe had been educated in the Law School of the University of Virginia, where, at the age of twenty-three, he graduated with the highest honors.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading The elder Howe was blessed with a large family, and cursed with a heavily mortgaged estate--a combination of circumstances not unusual among the warm-hearted, generous and extravagant people of the Old Dominion.

AndeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading "A brow half martial and half diplomatic, An eye upsoaring like an eagle's wing."

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "A brow half martial and half diplomatic, An eye upsoaring like an eagle's wing."

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading John Lyon Howe had been educated in the Law School of the University of Virginia, where, at the age of twenty-three, he graduated with the highest honors.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading John Lyon Howe had been educated in the Law School of the University of Virginia, where, at the age of twenty-three, he graduated with the highest honors.

blessedadjectiveUS /blest/

highly favored or fortunate (as e.g. by divine grace)

From this reading The elder Howe was blessed with a large family, and cursed with a heavily mortgaged estate--a combination of circumstances not unusual among the warm-hearted, generous and extravagant people of the Old Dominion.

brownounUS /braʊ/

the part of the face above the eyes

From this reading "A brow half martial and half diplomatic, An eye upsoaring like an eagle's wing."

centraladjectiveUS /ˈsentrəl/

serving as an essential component

From this reading John Lyon Howe was the younger son of a planter, residing in one of the wildest mountain regions in central Virginia.

circumstancesnounUS /ˈsɜːrkəmstænsəz/

your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you)

From this reading The elder Howe was blessed with a large family, and cursed with a heavily mortgaged estate--a combination of circumstances not unusual among the warm-hearted, generous and extravagant people of the Old Dominion.

combinationnounUS /ˌkɑːmbəˈneɪʃən/

a collection of things that have been combined; an assemblage of separate parts or qualities

From this reading The elder Howe was blessed with a large family, and cursed with a heavily mortgaged estate--a combination of circumstances not unusual among the warm-hearted, generous and extravagant people of the Old Dominion.

cursedadjectiveUS /kɜːrst/

deserving a curse; sometimes used as an intensifier

From this reading The elder Howe was blessed with a large family, and cursed with a heavily mortgaged estate--a combination of circumstances not unusual among the warm-hearted, generous and extravagant people of the Old Dominion.

diplomaticadjectiveUS /ˌdɪpləˈmætɪk/

relating to or characteristic of diplomacy

From this reading "A brow half martial and half diplomatic, An eye upsoaring like an eagle's wing."

DominionnounUS /dəˈmɪnjən/

dominance or power through legal authority

From this reading The elder Howe was blessed with a large family, and cursed with a heavily mortgaged estate--a combination of circumstances not unusual among the warm-hearted, generous and extravagant people of the Old Dominion.

eagle'snounUS /ˈiːɡəlz/

possessive form of “eagle” — any of various large keen-sighted diurnal birds of prey noted for their broad wings and strong soaring flight

From this reading "A brow half martial and half diplomatic, An eye upsoaring like an eagle's wing."

educatedadjectiveUS /ˈedʒəkeɪtɪd/

possessing an education (especially having more than average knowledge)

From this reading John Lyon Howe had been educated in the Law School of the University of Virginia, where, at the age of twenty-three, he graduated with the highest honors.

eldernounUS /ˈeldər/

a person who is older than you are

From this reading The elder Howe was blessed with a large family, and cursed with a heavily mortgaged estate--a combination of circumstances not unusual among the warm-hearted, generous and extravagant people of the Old Dominion.

estatenounUS /ɪˈsteɪt/

everything you own; all of your assets (whether real property or personal property) and liabilities

From this reading The elder Howe was blessed with a large family, and cursed with a heavily mortgaged estate--a combination of circumstances not unusual among the warm-hearted, generous and extravagant people of the Old Dominion.

extravagantadjectiveUS /ekˈstrævəɡənt/

unrestrained, especially with regard to feelings

From this reading The elder Howe was blessed with a large family, and cursed with a heavily mortgaged estate--a combination of circumstances not unusual among the warm-hearted, generous and extravagant people of the Old Dominion.

eyenounUS /aɪ/

the organ of sight

From this reading "A brow half martial and half diplomatic, An eye upsoaring like an eagle's wing."

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading The elder Howe was blessed with a large family, and cursed with a heavily mortgaged estate--a combination of circumstances not unusual among the warm-hearted, generous and extravagant people of the Old Dominion.

generousadjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəs/

willing to give and share unstintingly

From this reading The elder Howe was blessed with a large family, and cursed with a heavily mortgaged estate--a combination of circumstances not unusual among the warm-hearted, generous and extravagant people of the Old Dominion.

graduatedadjectiveUS /ˈɡrædʒuːeɪtɪd/

marked with or divided into degrees

From this reading John Lyon Howe had been educated in the Law School of the University of Virginia, where, at the age of twenty-three, he graduated with the highest honors.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading John Lyon Howe had been educated in the Law School of the University of Virginia, where, at the age of twenty-three, he graduated with the highest honors.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading "A brow half martial and half diplomatic, An eye upsoaring like an eagle's wing."

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading John Lyon Howe had been educated in the Law School of the University of Virginia, where, at the age of twenty-three, he graduated with the highest honors.

heavilyadverbUS /ˈhevəli/

to a considerable degree

From this reading The elder Howe was blessed with a large family, and cursed with a heavily mortgaged estate--a combination of circumstances not unusual among the warm-hearted, generous and extravagant people of the Old Dominion.

highestadjectiveUS /ˈhaɪəst/

superlative of “high” — greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading John Lyon Howe had been educated in the Law School of the University of Virginia, where, at the age of twenty-three, he graduated with the highest honors.

honorsnounUS /ˈɑːnərz/

plural of “honor” — a tangible symbol signifying approval or distinction

From this reading John Lyon Howe had been educated in the Law School of the University of Virginia, where, at the age of twenty-three, he graduated with the highest honors.

HOWEnounUS /haʊ/

United States editor (1920-1993)

From this reading JOHN LYON HOWE.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading John Lyon Howe was the younger son of a planter, residing in one of the wildest mountain regions in central Virginia.

JOHNnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading JOHN LYON HOWE.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The elder Howe was blessed with a large family, and cursed with a heavily mortgaged estate--a combination of circumstances not unusual among the warm-hearted, generous and extravagant people of the Old Dominion.

LawnounUS /lɔː/

the collection of rules imposed by authority

From this reading John Lyon Howe had been educated in the Law School of the University of Virginia, where, at the age of twenty-three, he graduated with the highest honors.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading "A brow half martial and half diplomatic, An eye upsoaring like an eagle's wing."

LYONnounUS /ˈlaɪən/

a city in east-central France on the Rhone River; a principal producer of silk and rayon

From this reading JOHN LYON HOWE.

martialadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːrʃəl/

(of persons) befitting a warrior

From this reading "A brow half martial and half diplomatic, An eye upsoaring like an eagle's wing."

mortgagedadjectiveUS /ˈmɔːrɡɪdʒd/

burdened with legal or financial obligations

From this reading The elder Howe was blessed with a large family, and cursed with a heavily mortgaged estate--a combination of circumstances not unusual among the warm-hearted, generous and extravagant people of the Old Dominion.

mountainnounUS /ˈmaʊntən/

a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading John Lyon Howe was the younger son of a planter, residing in one of the wildest mountain regions in central Virginia.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The elder Howe was blessed with a large family, and cursed with a heavily mortgaged estate--a combination of circumstances not unusual among the warm-hearted, generous and extravagant people of the Old Dominion.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading John Lyon Howe was the younger son of a planter, residing in one of the wildest mountain regions in central Virginia.

OldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading The elder Howe was blessed with a large family, and cursed with a heavily mortgaged estate--a combination of circumstances not unusual among the warm-hearted, generous and extravagant people of the Old Dominion.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading John Lyon Howe was the younger son of a planter, residing in one of the wildest mountain regions in central Virginia.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading The elder Howe was blessed with a large family, and cursed with a heavily mortgaged estate--a combination of circumstances not unusual among the warm-hearted, generous and extravagant people of the Old Dominion.

planternounUS /ˈplæntər/

the owner or manager of a plantation

From this reading John Lyon Howe was the younger son of a planter, residing in one of the wildest mountain regions in central Virginia.

regionsnounUS /ˈriːdʒənz/

plural of “region” — the extended spatial location of something

From this reading John Lyon Howe was the younger son of a planter, residing in one of the wildest mountain regions in central Virginia.

residingverbUS /rɪˈzaɪdɪŋ/

-ing form of “reside” — make one's home in a particular place or community

From this reading John Lyon Howe was the younger son of a planter, residing in one of the wildest mountain regions in central Virginia.

SchoolnounUS /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading John Lyon Howe had been educated in the Law School of the University of Virginia, where, at the age of twenty-three, he graduated with the highest honors.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading John Lyon Howe was the younger son of a planter, residing in one of the wildest mountain regions in central Virginia.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading John Lyon Howe was the younger son of a planter, residing in one of the wildest mountain regions in central Virginia.

twenty-threenounUS /ˈtwentiθriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of twenty-two and one

From this reading John Lyon Howe had been educated in the Law School of the University of Virginia, where, at the age of twenty-three, he graduated with the highest honors.

UniversitynounUS /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəti/

the body of faculty and students at a university

From this reading John Lyon Howe had been educated in the Law School of the University of Virginia, where, at the age of twenty-three, he graduated with the highest honors.

unusualadjectiveUS /əˈnjuːʒuːəl/

not usual or common or ordinary

From this reading The elder Howe was blessed with a large family, and cursed with a heavily mortgaged estate--a combination of circumstances not unusual among the warm-hearted, generous and extravagant people of the Old Dominion.

upsoaring

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "A brow half martial and half diplomatic, An eye upsoaring like an eagle's wing."

VirginianounUS /vərˈdʒɪnjə/

a state in the eastern United States; one of the original 13 colonies; one of the Confederate States in the American Civil War

From this reading John Lyon Howe was the younger son of a planter, residing in one of the wildest mountain regions in central Virginia.

warm-hearted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The elder Howe was blessed with a large family, and cursed with a heavily mortgaged estate--a combination of circumstances not unusual among the warm-hearted, generous and extravagant people of the Old Dominion.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading John Lyon Howe was the younger son of a planter, residing in one of the wildest mountain regions in central Virginia.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading John Lyon Howe had been educated in the Law School of the University of Virginia, where, at the age of twenty-three, he graduated with the highest honors.

wildestadjectiveUS /ˈwaɪldɪst/

superlative of “wild” — marked by extreme lack of restraint or control

From this reading John Lyon Howe was the younger son of a planter, residing in one of the wildest mountain regions in central Virginia.

wingnounUS /wɪŋ/

a movable organ for flying (one of a pair)

From this reading "A brow half martial and half diplomatic, An eye upsoaring like an eagle's wing."

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The elder Howe was blessed with a large family, and cursed with a heavily mortgaged estate--a combination of circumstances not unusual among the warm-hearted, generous and extravagant people of the Old Dominion.

youngeradjectiveUS /ˈjʌŋɡər/

used of the younger of two persons of the same name especially used to distinguish a son from his father

From this reading John Lyon Howe was the younger son of a planter, residing in one of the wildest mountain regions in central Virginia.

Chapter 2 of Cruel as the grave by Emma Dorothy Eliza Nevitte Southworth holds 66 sentences, grouped into 14 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Cruel as the grave contain?

Chapter 2 holds 66 sentences of Cruel as the grave, unabridged, divided into 14 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Cruel as the grave by Emma Dorothy Eliza Nevitte Southworth exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 66 sentences, grouped into 14 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Cruel as the grave?

Work through the 14 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 14 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Cruel as the grave

Common questions about reading Cruel as the grave by Emma Dorothy Eliza Nevitte Southworth on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Cruel as the grave?

Yes. All 6156 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #23789 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Cruel as the grave is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #23789, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Cruel as the grave take to read?

About 513 minutes of reading across 1232 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Cruel as the grave section by section

How to work through Cruel as the grave section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

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Vocabulary met early in Cruel as the grave

Words and structures a reader meets early in Cruel as the grave, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Berners
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cruel as the grave; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Burning
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cruel as the grave; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hearts
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cruel as the grave; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Flood
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cruel as the grave; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.