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Cruel as the grave
Cruel as the grave

Chapter XXIII · Chapter 23

Chapter 23 of Cruel as the grave is here in full — 124 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/24 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE SOLITUDE IS INVADED.
Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.
Nothing could be more lonely and desolate than this place.
It was abandoned to Nature and Nature's wild children.
Of the birds that perched so near his hand; of the squirrels that peeped at him from their holes under the gravestones, he might have said with Alexander Selkirk on Juan Fernandez, "Their tameness is shocking to me."
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Cruel as the grave

Chapter XXIII · Chapter 23

Chapter 23 of Cruel as the grave is here in full — 124 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/24 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE SOLITUDE IS INVADED.
/ðə ˈsɑːlətuːd ɪz ˌɪnˈveɪdəd/
Line 2
Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.
Line 3
Nothing could be more lonely and desolate than this place.
/ˈnʌθɪŋ kʊd biː mɔːr ˈloʊnli ənd ˈdesələt ðæn ðɪs pleɪs/
Line 4
It was abandoned to Nature and Nature's wild children.
/ɪt wɑːz əˈbændənd tuː ˈneɪtʃər ənd ˈneɪtʃərz waɪld ˈtʃɪldrən/
Line 5
Of the birds that perched so near his hand; of the squirrels that peeped at him from their holes under the gravestones, he might have said with Alexander Selkirk on Juan Fernandez, "Their tameness is shocking to me."

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cedars noun US /ˈsiːdərz/

plural of “cedar” — any of numerous trees of the family Cupressaceae that resemble cedars

From this reading “Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.”

glade noun US /ɡleɪd/

a tract of land with few or no trees in the middle of a wooded area

From this reading “Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.”

gravestones noun US /ˈɡreɪvstoʊnz/

plural of “gravestone” — a stone that is used to mark a grave

From this reading “Of the birds that perched so near his hand; of the squirrels that peeped at him from their holes under the gravestones, he might have said with Alexander Selkirk on Juan Fernandez, "Their tameness is shocking to me."”

invaded verb US /ˌɪnˈveɪdəd/

past form of “invade” — march aggressively into another's territory by military force for the purposes of conquest and occupation

From this reading “THE SOLITUDE IS INVADED.”

Obscured verb US /əbsˈkjʊrd/

past form of “obscure” — make less visible or unclear

From this reading “Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.”

Selkirk noun US /ˈselkərk/

Scottish sailor who was put ashore on a deserted island off the coast of Chile for five years (providing the basis for Daniel Defoe's novel about Robinson Crusoe) (1676-1721)

From this reading “Of the birds that perched so near his hand; of the squirrels that peeped at him from their holes under the gravestones, he might have said with Alexander Selkirk on Juan Fernandez, "Their tameness is shocking to me."”

squirrels noun US /ˈskwɜːrəlz/

plural of “squirrel” — a kind of arboreal rodent having a long bushy tail

From this reading “Of the birds that perched so near his hand; of the squirrels that peeped at him from their holes under the gravestones, he might have said with Alexander Selkirk on Juan Fernandez, "Their tameness is shocking to me."”

umbrage noun US /ˈʌmbrɪdʒ/

a feeling of anger caused by being offended

From this reading “Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.”

All words in this reading · 87

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

abandonedadjectiveUS /əˈbændənd/

forsaken by owner or inhabitants

From this reading It was abandoned to Nature and Nature's wild children.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

AlexandernounUS /ˌæləɡˈzændər/

European herb somewhat resembling celery widely naturalized in Britain coastal regions and often cultivated as a potherb

From this reading Of the birds that perched so near his hand; of the squirrels that peeped at him from their holes under the gravestones, he might have said with Alexander Selkirk on Juan Fernandez, "Their tameness is shocking to me."

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Of the birds that perched so near his hand; of the squirrels that peeped at him from their holes under the gravestones, he might have said with Alexander Selkirk on Juan Fernandez, "Their tameness is shocking to me."

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

birdsnounUS /bɜːrdz/

plural of “bird” — warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings

From this reading Of the birds that perched so near his hand; of the squirrels that peeped at him from their holes under the gravestones, he might have said with Alexander Selkirk on Juan Fernandez, "Their tameness is shocking to me."

boughsnounUS /baʊz/

plural of “bough” — any of the larger branches of a tree

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

broadadjectiveUS /brɔːd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

brownnounUS /braʊn/

an orange of low brightness and saturation

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

BYRONnounUS /ˈbaɪrən/

English romantic poet notorious for his rebellious and unconventional lifestyle (1788-1824)

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

cedarsnounUS /ˈsiːdərz/

plural of “cedar” — any of numerous trees of the family Cupressaceae that resemble cedars

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

childrennounUS /ˈtʃɪldrən/

plural of “child” — a young person of either sex

From this reading It was abandoned to Nature and Nature's wild children.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Nothing could be more lonely and desolate than this place.

coververbUS /ˈkʌvər/

provide with a covering or cause to be covered

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

desolateadjectiveUS /ˈdesələt/

providing no shelter or sustenance

From this reading Nothing could be more lonely and desolate than this place.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

Fernandez

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Of the birds that perched so near his hand; of the squirrels that peeped at him from their holes under the gravestones, he might have said with Alexander Selkirk on Juan Fernandez, "Their tameness is shocking to me."

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Of the birds that perched so near his hand; of the squirrels that peeped at him from their holes under the gravestones, he might have said with Alexander Selkirk on Juan Fernandez, "Their tameness is shocking to me."

gladenounUS /ɡleɪd/

a tract of land with few or no trees in the middle of a wooded area

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

gravestonesnounUS /ˈɡreɪvstoʊnz/

plural of “gravestone” — a stone that is used to mark a grave

From this reading Of the birds that perched so near his hand; of the squirrels that peeped at him from their holes under the gravestones, he might have said with Alexander Selkirk on Juan Fernandez, "Their tameness is shocking to me."

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading Of the birds that perched so near his hand; of the squirrels that peeped at him from their holes under the gravestones, he might have said with Alexander Selkirk on Juan Fernandez, "Their tameness is shocking to me."

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Of the birds that perched so near his hand; of the squirrels that peeped at him from their holes under the gravestones, he might have said with Alexander Selkirk on Juan Fernandez, "Their tameness is shocking to me."

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Of the birds that perched so near his hand; of the squirrels that peeped at him from their holes under the gravestones, he might have said with Alexander Selkirk on Juan Fernandez, "Their tameness is shocking to me."

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

HideverbUS /haɪd/

prevent from being seen or discovered

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

highestadjectiveUS /ˈhaɪəst/

superlative of “high” — greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Of the birds that perched so near his hand; of the squirrels that peeped at him from their holes under the gravestones, he might have said with Alexander Selkirk on Juan Fernandez, "Their tameness is shocking to me."

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Of the birds that perched so near his hand; of the squirrels that peeped at him from their holes under the gravestones, he might have said with Alexander Selkirk on Juan Fernandez, "Their tameness is shocking to me."

holesnounUS /hoʊlz/

plural of “hole” — an opening into or through something

From this reading Of the birds that perched so near his hand; of the squirrels that peeped at him from their holes under the gravestones, he might have said with Alexander Selkirk on Juan Fernandez, "Their tameness is shocking to me."

impenetrableadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpenətrəbəl/

not admitting of penetration or passage into or through

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

innumerableadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈnuːmərəbəl/

too numerous to be counted

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

INVADEDverbUS /ˌɪnˈveɪdəd/

past form of “invade” — march aggressively into another's territory by military force for the purposes of conquest and occupation

From this reading THE SOLITUDE IS INVADED.

ISauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE SOLITUDE IS INVADED.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was abandoned to Nature and Nature's wild children.

Juan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Of the birds that perched so near his hand; of the squirrels that peeped at him from their holes under the gravestones, he might have said with Alexander Selkirk on Juan Fernandez, "Their tameness is shocking to me."

liveverbUS /laɪv/

be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

lonelyadjectiveUS /ˈloʊnli/

lacking companions or companionship

From this reading Nothing could be more lonely and desolate than this place.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Of the birds that perched so near his hand; of the squirrels that peeped at him from their holes under the gravestones, he might have said with Alexander Selkirk on Juan Fernandez, "Their tameness is shocking to me."

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Nothing could be more lonely and desolate than this place.

NaturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading It was abandoned to Nature and Nature's wild children.

Nature'snounUS /ˈneɪtʃərz/

possessive form of “nature” — the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading It was abandoned to Nature and Nature's wild children.

ne'eradverbUS /ner/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading Of the birds that perched so near his hand; of the squirrels that peeped at him from their holes under the gravestones, he might have said with Alexander Selkirk on Juan Fernandez, "Their tameness is shocking to me."

NothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading Nothing could be more lonely and desolate than this place.

ObscuredverbUS /əbsˈkjʊrd/

past form of “obscure” — make less visible or unclear

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

OfprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Of the birds that perched so near his hand; of the squirrels that peeped at him from their holes under the gravestones, he might have said with Alexander Selkirk on Juan Fernandez, "Their tameness is shocking to me."

OhnounUS /oʊ/

a midwestern state in north central United States in the Great Lakes region

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Of the birds that perched so near his hand; of the squirrels that peeped at him from their holes under the gravestones, he might have said with Alexander Selkirk on Juan Fernandez, "Their tameness is shocking to me."

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

peepedverbUS /piːpt/

past form of “peep” — look furtively

From this reading Of the birds that perched so near his hand; of the squirrels that peeped at him from their holes under the gravestones, he might have said with Alexander Selkirk on Juan Fernandez, "Their tameness is shocking to me."

perchedverbUS /pɜːrtʃt/

past form of “perch” — sit, as on a branch

From this reading Of the birds that perched so near his hand; of the squirrels that peeped at him from their holes under the gravestones, he might have said with Alexander Selkirk on Juan Fernandez, "Their tameness is shocking to me."

pinesnounUS /paɪnz/

plural of “pine” — a coniferous tree

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading Nothing could be more lonely and desolate than this place.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading Of the birds that perched so near his hand; of the squirrels that peeped at him from their holes under the gravestones, he might have said with Alexander Selkirk on Juan Fernandez, "Their tameness is shocking to me."

savageadjectiveUS /ˈsævədʒ/

(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

SelkirknounUS /ˈselkərk/

Scottish sailor who was put ashore on a deserted island off the coast of Chile for five years (providing the basis for Daniel Defoe's novel about Robinson Crusoe) (1676-1721)

From this reading Of the birds that perched so near his hand; of the squirrels that peeped at him from their holes under the gravestones, he might have said with Alexander Selkirk on Juan Fernandez, "Their tameness is shocking to me."

shockingadjectiveUS /ˈʃɑːkɪŋ/

glaringly vivid and graphic; marked by sensationalism

From this reading Of the birds that perched so near his hand; of the squirrels that peeped at him from their holes under the gravestones, he might have said with Alexander Selkirk on Juan Fernandez, "Their tameness is shocking to me."

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Of the birds that perched so near his hand; of the squirrels that peeped at him from their holes under the gravestones, he might have said with Alexander Selkirk on Juan Fernandez, "Their tameness is shocking to me."

SOLITUDEnounUS /ˈsɑːlətuːd/

a state of social isolation

From this reading THE SOLITUDE IS INVADED.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

spreadverbUS /spred/

distribute or disperse widely

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

squirrelsnounUS /ˈskwɜːrəlz/

plural of “squirrel” — a kind of arboreal rodent having a long bushy tail

From this reading Of the birds that perched so near his hand; of the squirrels that peeped at him from their holes under the gravestones, he might have said with Alexander Selkirk on Juan Fernandez, "Their tameness is shocking to me."

starnounUS /stɑːr/

(astronomy) a celestial body of hot gases that radiates energy derived from thermonuclear reactions in the interior

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

sunlightnounUS /ˈsʌnlaɪt/

the rays of the sun

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

tamenessnoun

the quality of being vapid and unsophisticated

From this reading Of the birds that perched so near his hand; of the squirrels that peeped at him from their holes under the gravestones, he might have said with Alexander Selkirk on Juan Fernandez, "Their tameness is shocking to me."

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Nothing could be more lonely and desolate than this place.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Of the birds that perched so near his hand; of the squirrels that peeped at him from their holes under the gravestones, he might have said with Alexander Selkirk on Juan Fernandez, "Their tameness is shocking to me."

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE SOLITUDE IS INVADED.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Nothing could be more lonely and desolate than this place.

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

umbragenounUS /ˈʌmbrɪdʒ/

a feeling of anger caused by being offended

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Of the birds that perched so near his hand; of the squirrels that peeped at him from their holes under the gravestones, he might have said with Alexander Selkirk on Juan Fernandez, "Their tameness is shocking to me."

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was abandoned to Nature and Nature's wild children.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

wildadjectiveUS /waɪld/

marked by extreme lack of restraint or control

From this reading It was abandoned to Nature and Nature's wild children.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

woodsnounUS /wʊdz/

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

yepronounUS /jiː/

an old word for “you”, speaking to more than one person

From this reading Oh, might we here In solitude live savage, in some glade Obscured, where highest woods impenetrable To star, or sunlight, spread their umbrage broad And brown as evening; cover us, ye pines Ye cedars with innumerable boughs Hide us where we may ne'er be seen again.--BYRON.

Chapter 23 of Cruel as the grave by Emma Dorothy Eliza Nevitte Southworth holds 124 sentences, grouped into 25 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 23 of Cruel as the grave contain?

Chapter 23 holds 124 sentences of Cruel as the grave, unabridged, divided into 25 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 23 of Cruel as the grave by Emma Dorothy Eliza Nevitte Southworth exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 124 sentences, grouped into 25 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 23 of Cruel as the grave?

Work through the 25 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 25 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 23 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 23 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Cruel as the grave

Common questions about reading Cruel as the grave by Emma Dorothy Eliza Nevitte Southworth on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Cruel as the grave?

Yes. All 6156 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #23789 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Cruel as the grave is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #23789, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Cruel as the grave take to read?

About 513 minutes of reading across 1232 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Cruel as the grave section by section

How to work through Cruel as the grave section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

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    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Cruel as the grave

Words and structures a reader meets early in Cruel as the grave, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Berners
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cruel as the grave; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Burning
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cruel as the grave; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hearts
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cruel as the grave; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Flood
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cruel as the grave; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.