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Crusoe's Island
Crusoe's Island

Chapter XXVIII

Chapter 28 of Crusoe's Island is here in full — 72 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/14 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A LONELY RIDE.
As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.
The stars were shining brightly overhead, but the moon had gone down some time previously.
It was just light enough to see the way.
A small white object lying in the trail caused the mule to start.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Crusoe's Island

Chapter XXVIII

Chapter 28 of Crusoe's Island is here in full — 72 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/14 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A LONELY RIDE.
/ə ˈloʊnli raɪd/
Line 2
As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.
/æz aɪ strʌk ˈɪntuː ðə treɪl ənd aʊt ˈɪntuː ðə brɔːd ˈvæli ʌv ðə səˈliːnəs ə sens ʌv ˈfriːdəm rɪˈliːvd miː ɪn sʌm dɪˈɡriː ʌv ðə ɡluːm ˌɪnˈspaɪərd baɪ ðə læst wɜːrdz ʌv ðɪs ˈstreɪndʒli ənˈfɔːrtʃənət mæn/
Line 3
The stars were shining brightly overhead, but the moon had gone down some time previously.
/ðə stɑːrz wɜːr ˈʃaɪnɪŋ ˈbraɪtli ˈoʊvərˈhed bʌt ðə muːn hæd ɡɔːn daʊn sʌm taɪm ˈpriːviəsli/
Line 4
It was just light enough to see the way.
/ɪt wɑːz dʒʌst laɪt ɪˈnʌf tuː siː ðə weɪ/
Line 5
A small white object lying in the trail caused the mule to start.
/ə smɔːl waɪt ˈɑːbdʒekt ˈlaɪɪŋ ɪn ðə treɪl kɑːzd ðə mjuːl tuː stɑːrt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

brightly adverb US /ˈbraɪtli/

with brightness

From this reading “The stars were shining brightly overhead, but the moon had gone down some time previously.”

inspired adjective US /ˌɪnˈspaɪərd/

being of such surpassing excellence as to suggest inspiration by the gods

From this reading “As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.”

mule noun US /mjuːl/

hybrid offspring of a male donkey and a female horse; usually sterile

From this reading “A small white object lying in the trail caused the mule to start.”

overhead adverb US /ˈoʊvərˈhed/

above your head; in the sky

From this reading “The stars were shining brightly overhead, but the moon had gone down some time previously.”

previously adverb US /ˈpriːviəsli/

at an earlier time or formerly

From this reading “The stars were shining brightly overhead, but the moon had gone down some time previously.”

relieved adjective US /rɪˈliːvd/

(of pain or sorrow) made easier to bear

From this reading “As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.”

Salinas noun US /səˈliːnəs/

plural of “salina” — a town in central Kansas

From this reading “As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.”

strangely adverb US /ˈstreɪndʒli/

in a strange manner

From this reading “As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

broad valley adjective + noun

In this reading “As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.”

some degree adjective + noun

In this reading “As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.”

last words adjective + noun

In this reading “As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.”

some time adjective + noun

In this reading “The stars were shining brightly overhead, but the moon had gone down some time previously.”

unfortunate man adjective + noun

In this reading “As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.”

small white adjective + noun

small widely distributed form

In this reading “A small white object lying in the trail caused the mule to start.”

light enough adjective + noun

In this reading “It was just light enough to see the way.”

All words in this reading · 58

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A LONELY RIDE.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.

brightlyadverbUS /ˈbraɪtli/

with brightness

From this reading The stars were shining brightly overhead, but the moon had gone down some time previously.

broadadjectiveUS /brɔːd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The stars were shining brightly overhead, but the moon had gone down some time previously.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.

causedverbUS /kɑːzd/

past form of “cause” — give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally

From this reading A small white object lying in the trail caused the mule to start.

degreenounUS /dɪˈɡriː/

a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading The stars were shining brightly overhead, but the moon had gone down some time previously.

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading It was just light enough to see the way.

freedomnounUS /ˈfriːdəm/

the condition of being free; the power to act or speak or think without externally imposed restraints

From this reading As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.

gloomnounUS /ɡluːm/

a state of partial or total darkness

From this reading As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading The stars were shining brightly overhead, but the moon had gone down some time previously.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The stars were shining brightly overhead, but the moon had gone down some time previously.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.

inspiredadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈspaɪərd/

being of such surpassing excellence as to suggest inspiration by the gods

From this reading As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was just light enough to see the way.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading It was just light enough to see the way.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading It was just light enough to see the way.

LONELYadjectiveUS /ˈloʊnli/

lacking companions or companionship

From this reading A LONELY RIDE.

lyingnounUS /ˈlaɪɪŋ/

the deliberate act of deviating from the truth

From this reading A small white object lying in the trail caused the mule to start.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.

moonnounUS /muːn/

the natural satellite of the Earth

From this reading The stars were shining brightly overhead, but the moon had gone down some time previously.

mulenounUS /mjuːl/

hybrid offspring of a male donkey and a female horse; usually sterile

From this reading A small white object lying in the trail caused the mule to start.

objectnounUS /ˈɑːbdʒekt/

a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow

From this reading A small white object lying in the trail caused the mule to start.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.

overheadadverbUS /ˈoʊvərˈhed/

above your head; in the sky

From this reading The stars were shining brightly overhead, but the moon had gone down some time previously.

previouslyadverbUS /ˈpriːviəsli/

at an earlier time or formerly

From this reading The stars were shining brightly overhead, but the moon had gone down some time previously.

relievedadjectiveUS /rɪˈliːvd/

(of pain or sorrow) made easier to bear

From this reading As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.

RIDEverbUS /raɪd/

sit and travel on the back of animal, usually while controlling its motions

From this reading A LONELY RIDE.

SalinasnounUS /səˈliːnəs/

plural of “salina” — a town in central Kansas

From this reading As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading It was just light enough to see the way.

sensenounUS /sens/

a general conscious awareness

From this reading As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.

shiningadjectiveUS /ˈʃaɪnɪŋ/

marked by exceptional merit

From this reading The stars were shining brightly overhead, but the moon had gone down some time previously.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading A small white object lying in the trail caused the mule to start.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.

starsnounUS /stɑːrz/

plural of “star” — (astronomy) a celestial body of hot gases that radiates energy derived from thermonuclear reactions in the interior

From this reading The stars were shining brightly overhead, but the moon had gone down some time previously.

startverbUS /stɑːrt/

take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading A small white object lying in the trail caused the mule to start.

strangelyadverbUS /ˈstreɪndʒli/

in a strange manner

From this reading As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.

struckadjectiveUS /strʌk/

(used in combination) affected by something overwhelming

From this reading As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading The stars were shining brightly overhead, but the moon had gone down some time previously.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It was just light enough to see the way.

trailnounUS /treɪl/

a track or mark left by something that has passed

From this reading As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.

unfortunateadjectiveUS /ənˈfɔːrtʃənət/

not favored by fortune; marked or accompanied by or resulting in ill fortune

From this reading As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.

valleynounUS /ˈvæli/

a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was just light enough to see the way.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading It was just light enough to see the way.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The stars were shining brightly overhead, but the moon had gone down some time previously.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading A small white object lying in the trail caused the mule to start.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading As I struck into the trail and out into the broad valley of the Salinas a sense of freedom relieved me in some degree of the gloom inspired by the last words of this strangely unfortunate man.

Chapter 28 of Crusoe's Island by J. Ross (John Ross) Browne holds 72 sentences, grouped into 15 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 28 of Crusoe's Island contain?

Chapter 28 holds 72 sentences of Crusoe's Island, unabridged, divided into 15 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 28 of Crusoe's Island by J. Ross (John Ross) Browne exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 72 sentences, grouped into 15 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 28 of Crusoe's Island?

Work through the 15 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 15 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 28 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 28 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Crusoe's Island

Common questions about reading Crusoe's Island by J. Ross (John Ross) Browne on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Crusoe's Island?

Yes. All 5140 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #39918 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Crusoe's Island is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #39918, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Crusoe's Island take to read?

About 428 minutes of reading across 1028 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Crusoe's Island section by section

How to work through Crusoe's Island section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 39 chapters of Crusoe's Island to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Crusoe's Island

Words and structures a reader meets early in Crusoe's Island, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Adventure
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Crusoe's Island; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Narrative
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Crusoe's Island; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Dates
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Crusoe's Island; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Early
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Crusoe's Island; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.