Chapter 4 of Cæsar's Column is here in full — 103 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.
Chapter IV
Chapter 4 of Cæsar's Column is here in full — 103 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
THE UNDER-WORLD My Dear Heinrich: Since I wrote you last night I have been through dreadful scenes. I have traversed death in life. I have looked with my very eyes on Hell. I am sick at heart. My soul sorrows for humanity.
Chapter 4 of Cæsar's Column is here in full — 103 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
Reading 1/20 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5
These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.
Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.
causing fear or dread or terror
From this reading “THE UNDER-WORLD My Dear Heinrich: Since I wrote you last night I have been through dreadful scenes.”
any place of pain and turmoil
From this reading “I have looked with my very eyes on Hell.”
the quality of being humane
From this reading “My soul sorrows for humanity.”
plural of “scene” — the place where some action occurs
From this reading “THE UNDER-WORLD My Dear Heinrich: Since I wrote you last night I have been through dreadful scenes.”
affected by an impairment of normal physical or mental function
From this reading “I am sick at heart.”
plural of “sorrow” — an emotion of great sadness associated with loss or bereavement
From this reading “My soul sorrows for humanity.”
past form of “traverse” — travel across or pass over
From this reading “I have traversed death in life.”
inflected form of “write” — produce a literary work
From this reading “THE UNDER-WORLD My Dear Heinrich: Since I wrote you last night I have been through dreadful scenes.”
Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.
Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.
the form of “be” used with “I”
From this reading I am sick at heart.
in or near a particular place or position
From this reading I am sick at heart.
the past participle of “be”
From this reading THE UNDER-WORLD My Dear Heinrich: Since I wrote you last night I have been through dreadful scenes.
dearly loved
From this reading THE UNDER-WORLD My Dear Heinrich: Since I wrote you last night I have been through dreadful scenes.
the event of dying or departure from life
From this reading I have traversed death in life.
causing fear or dread or terror
From this reading THE UNDER-WORLD My Dear Heinrich: Since I wrote you last night I have been through dreadful scenes.
opinion or judgment
From this reading I have looked with my very eyes on Hell.
intended to be given to, or used by, somebody
From this reading My soul sorrows for humanity.
used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses
From this reading THE UNDER-WORLD My Dear Heinrich: Since I wrote you last night I have been through dreadful scenes.
the locus of feelings and intuitions
From this reading I am sick at heart.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading THE UNDER-WORLD My Dear Heinrich: Since I wrote you last night I have been through dreadful scenes.
any place of pain and turmoil
From this reading I have looked with my very eyes on Hell.
the quality of being humane
From this reading My soul sorrows for humanity.
the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb
From this reading THE UNDER-WORLD My Dear Heinrich: Since I wrote you last night I have been through dreadful scenes.
inside something, or within a place, period, or state
From this reading I have traversed death in life.
immediately past
From this reading THE UNDER-WORLD My Dear Heinrich: Since I wrote you last night I have been through dreadful scenes.
a characteristic state or mode of living
From this reading I have traversed death in life.
past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards
From this reading I have looked with my very eyes on Hell.
belonging to the person speaking
From this reading THE UNDER-WORLD My Dear Heinrich: Since I wrote you last night I have been through dreadful scenes.
the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside
From this reading THE UNDER-WORLD My Dear Heinrich: Since I wrote you last night I have been through dreadful scenes.
touching and supported by a surface
From this reading I have looked with my very eyes on Hell.
plural of “scene” — the place where some action occurs
From this reading THE UNDER-WORLD My Dear Heinrich: Since I wrote you last night I have been through dreadful scenes.
affected by an impairment of normal physical or mental function
From this reading I am sick at heart.
from a time in the past until now
From this reading THE UNDER-WORLD My Dear Heinrich: Since I wrote you last night I have been through dreadful scenes.
plural of “sorrow” — an emotion of great sadness associated with loss or bereavement
From this reading My soul sorrows for humanity.
the immaterial part of a person; the actuating cause of an individual life
From this reading My soul sorrows for humanity.
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading THE UNDER-WORLD My Dear Heinrich: Since I wrote you last night I have been through dreadful scenes.
from one end or side of something to the other
From this reading THE UNDER-WORLD My Dear Heinrich: Since I wrote you last night I have been through dreadful scenes.
past form of “traverse” — travel across or pass over
From this reading I have traversed death in life.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading THE UNDER-WORLD My Dear Heinrich: Since I wrote you last night I have been through dreadful scenes.
precisely as stated
From this reading I have looked with my very eyes on Hell.
in the company of; together with
From this reading I have looked with my very eyes on Hell.
inflected form of “write” — produce a literary work
From this reading THE UNDER-WORLD My Dear Heinrich: Since I wrote you last night I have been through dreadful scenes.
the person or people being spoken to
From this reading THE UNDER-WORLD My Dear Heinrich: Since I wrote you last night I have been through dreadful scenes.
Chapter 4 of Cæsar's Column by Ignatius Donnelly holds 103 sentences, grouped into 21 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.
Chapter 4 holds 103 sentences of Cæsar's Column, unabridged, divided into 21 reading sections.
This page carries chapter 4 of Cæsar's Column by Ignatius Donnelly exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 103 sentences, grouped into 21 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.
Work through the 21 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.
Each of the 21 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.
Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.
Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.
Common questions about reading Cæsar's Column by Ignatius Donnelly on this page, its source edition and its audio.
Yes. All 4928 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #5155 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.
Project Gutenberg eBook #5155, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.
About 410 minutes of reading across 986 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.
How to work through Cæsar's Column section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.
Choose one of the 40 chapters of Cæsar's Column to begin.
Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.
Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.
Words and structures a reader meets early in Cæsar's Column, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.
