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Cæsar's Column
Cæsar's Column

Chapter XXII · Chapter 22

Chapter 22 of Cæsar's Column is here in full — 106 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/21 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
ESTELLA AND I I need not say to you, my dear Heinrich, how greatly I love Estella.
It is not alone for her beauty, although that is as perfect and as graceful as the dream of some Greek artist hewn in immortal marble.
That alone would have elicited merely my admiration.
But there is that in her which wins my profoundest respect and love--I had almost said my veneration.
Her frame is but the crystal-clear covering of a bright and pure soul, without stain or shadow or blemish.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Cæsar's Column

Chapter XXII · Chapter 22

Chapter 22 of Cæsar's Column is here in full — 106 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/21 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
ESTELLA AND I I need not say to you, my dear Heinrich, how greatly I love Estella.
Line 2
It is not alone for her beauty, although that is as perfect and as graceful as the dream of some Greek artist hewn in immortal marble.
/ɪt ɪz nɑːt əˈloʊn fɔːr hɜːr ˈbjuːti ˌɔːlˈðoʊ ðæt ɪz æz pərˈfekt ənd æz ˈɡreɪsfəl æz ðə driːm ʌv sʌm ɡriːk ˈɑːrtəst hjuːn ɪn ɪˈmɔːr.t̬əl ˈmɑːrbəl/
Line 3
That alone would have elicited merely my admiration.
/ðæt əˈloʊn wʊd hæv ɪˈlɪsɪtɪd ˈmɪrli maɪ ˌædmərˈeɪʃən/
Line 4
But there is that in her which wins my profoundest respect and love--I had almost said my veneration.
Line 5
Her frame is but the crystal-clear covering of a bright and pure soul, without stain or shadow or blemish.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

blemish noun US /ˈblemɪʃ/

a mark or flaw that spoils the appearance of something (especially on a person's body)

From this reading “Her frame is but the crystal-clear covering of a bright and pure soul, without stain or shadow or blemish.”

covering noun US /ˈkʌvərɪŋ/

a natural object that covers or envelops

From this reading “Her frame is but the crystal-clear covering of a bright and pure soul, without stain or shadow or blemish.”

elicited adjective US /ɪˈlɪsɪtɪd/

called forth from a latent or potential state by stimulation

From this reading “That alone would have elicited merely my admiration.”

hewn adjective US /hjuːn/

cut or shaped with hard blows of a heavy cutting instrument like an ax or chisel

From this reading “It is not alone for her beauty, although that is as perfect and as graceful as the dream of some Greek artist hewn in immortal marble.”

immortal adj US /ɪˈmɔːr.t̬əl/

Living forever; never dying or decaying. (Bất tử, trường tồn vĩnh cửu.)

From this reading “It is not alone for her beauty, although that is as perfect and as graceful as the dream of some Greek artist hewn in immortal marble.”

stain noun US /steɪn/

a soiled or discolored appearance

From this reading “Her frame is but the crystal-clear covering of a bright and pure soul, without stain or shadow or blemish.”

veneration noun US /ˌvenərˈeɪʃən/

a feeling of profound respect for someone or something

From this reading “But there is that in her which wins my profoundest respect and love--I had almost said my veneration.”

wins noun US /wɪnz/

plural of “win” — a victory (as in a race or other competition)

From this reading “But there is that in her which wins my profoundest respect and love--I had almost said my veneration.”

All words in this reading · 62

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Her frame is but the crystal-clear covering of a bright and pure soul, without stain or shadow or blemish.

admirationnounUS /ˌædmərˈeɪʃən/

a feeling of delighted approval and liking

From this reading That alone would have elicited merely my admiration.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading But there is that in her which wins my profoundest respect and love--I had almost said my veneration.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading It is not alone for her beauty, although that is as perfect and as graceful as the dream of some Greek artist hewn in immortal marble.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading It is not alone for her beauty, although that is as perfect and as graceful as the dream of some Greek artist hewn in immortal marble.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading ESTELLA AND I I need not say to you, my dear Heinrich, how greatly I love Estella.

artistnounUS /ˈɑːrtəst/

a person whose creative work shows sensitivity and imagination

From this reading It is not alone for her beauty, although that is as perfect and as graceful as the dream of some Greek artist hewn in immortal marble.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It is not alone for her beauty, although that is as perfect and as graceful as the dream of some Greek artist hewn in immortal marble.

beautynounUS /ˈbjuːti/

the qualities that give pleasure to the senses

From this reading It is not alone for her beauty, although that is as perfect and as graceful as the dream of some Greek artist hewn in immortal marble.

blemishnounUS /ˈblemɪʃ/

a mark or flaw that spoils the appearance of something (especially on a person's body)

From this reading Her frame is but the crystal-clear covering of a bright and pure soul, without stain or shadow or blemish.

brightadjectiveUS /braɪt/

emitting or reflecting light readily or in large amounts

From this reading Her frame is but the crystal-clear covering of a bright and pure soul, without stain or shadow or blemish.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But there is that in her which wins my profoundest respect and love--I had almost said my veneration.

coveringnounUS /ˈkʌvərɪŋ/

a natural object that covers or envelops

From this reading Her frame is but the crystal-clear covering of a bright and pure soul, without stain or shadow or blemish.

crystal-clear

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her frame is but the crystal-clear covering of a bright and pure soul, without stain or shadow or blemish.

dearadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading ESTELLA AND I I need not say to you, my dear Heinrich, how greatly I love Estella.

dreamnounUS /driːm/

A series of thoughts, images, or emotions during sleep.

From this reading It is not alone for her beauty, although that is as perfect and as graceful as the dream of some Greek artist hewn in immortal marble.

elicitedadjectiveUS /ɪˈlɪsɪtɪd/

called forth from a latent or potential state by stimulation

From this reading That alone would have elicited merely my admiration.

ESTELLA

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ESTELLA AND I I need not say to you, my dear Heinrich, how greatly I love Estella.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It is not alone for her beauty, although that is as perfect and as graceful as the dream of some Greek artist hewn in immortal marble.

frameverbUS /freɪm/

enclose in or as if in a frame

From this reading Her frame is but the crystal-clear covering of a bright and pure soul, without stain or shadow or blemish.

gracefuladjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪsfəl/

characterized by beauty of movement, style, form, or execution

From this reading It is not alone for her beauty, although that is as perfect and as graceful as the dream of some Greek artist hewn in immortal marble.

greatlyadverbUS /ˈɡreɪtli/

to an extraordinary extent or degree

From this reading ESTELLA AND I I need not say to you, my dear Heinrich, how greatly I love Estella.

GreeknounUS /ɡriːk/

the Hellenic branch of the Indo-European family of languages

From this reading It is not alone for her beauty, although that is as perfect and as graceful as the dream of some Greek artist hewn in immortal marble.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading But there is that in her which wins my profoundest respect and love--I had almost said my veneration.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading That alone would have elicited merely my admiration.

Heinrich

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ESTELLA AND I I need not say to you, my dear Heinrich, how greatly I love Estella.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading It is not alone for her beauty, although that is as perfect and as graceful as the dream of some Greek artist hewn in immortal marble.

hewnadjectiveUS /hjuːn/

cut or shaped with hard blows of a heavy cutting instrument like an ax or chisel

From this reading It is not alone for her beauty, although that is as perfect and as graceful as the dream of some Greek artist hewn in immortal marble.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ESTELLA AND I I need not say to you, my dear Heinrich, how greatly I love Estella.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading ESTELLA AND I I need not say to you, my dear Heinrich, how greatly I love Estella.

immortaladjUS /ɪˈmɔːr.t̬əl/

Living forever; never dying or decaying. (Bất tử, trường tồn vĩnh cửu.)

From this reading It is not alone for her beauty, although that is as perfect and as graceful as the dream of some Greek artist hewn in immortal marble.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It is not alone for her beauty, although that is as perfect and as graceful as the dream of some Greek artist hewn in immortal marble.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is not alone for her beauty, although that is as perfect and as graceful as the dream of some Greek artist hewn in immortal marble.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is not alone for her beauty, although that is as perfect and as graceful as the dream of some Greek artist hewn in immortal marble.

lovenounUS /lʌv/

a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading ESTELLA AND I I need not say to you, my dear Heinrich, how greatly I love Estella.

marblenounUS /ˈmɑːrbəl/

a hard crystalline metamorphic rock that takes a high polish; used for sculpture and as building material

From this reading It is not alone for her beauty, although that is as perfect and as graceful as the dream of some Greek artist hewn in immortal marble.

merelyadverbUS /ˈmɪrli/

and nothing more

From this reading That alone would have elicited merely my admiration.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading ESTELLA AND I I need not say to you, my dear Heinrich, how greatly I love Estella.

neednounUS /niːd/

a condition requiring relief

From this reading ESTELLA AND I I need not say to you, my dear Heinrich, how greatly I love Estella.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading ESTELLA AND I I need not say to you, my dear Heinrich, how greatly I love Estella.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It is not alone for her beauty, although that is as perfect and as graceful as the dream of some Greek artist hewn in immortal marble.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Her frame is but the crystal-clear covering of a bright and pure soul, without stain or shadow or blemish.

perfectadjectiveUS /pərˈfekt/

being complete of its kind and without defect or blemish

From this reading It is not alone for her beauty, although that is as perfect and as graceful as the dream of some Greek artist hewn in immortal marble.

profoundest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But there is that in her which wins my profoundest respect and love--I had almost said my veneration.

pureadjectiveUS /pjʊr/

free of extraneous elements of any kind

From this reading Her frame is but the crystal-clear covering of a bright and pure soul, without stain or shadow or blemish.

respectnounUS /rɪˈspekt/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading But there is that in her which wins my profoundest respect and love--I had almost said my veneration.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading But there is that in her which wins my profoundest respect and love--I had almost said my veneration.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading ESTELLA AND I I need not say to you, my dear Heinrich, how greatly I love Estella.

shadownounUS /ˈʃæd.oʊ/

A dark area or shape produced by a body coming between rays of light and a surface.

From this reading Her frame is but the crystal-clear covering of a bright and pure soul, without stain or shadow or blemish.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading It is not alone for her beauty, although that is as perfect and as graceful as the dream of some Greek artist hewn in immortal marble.

soulnounUS /soʊl/

the immaterial part of a person; the actuating cause of an individual life

From this reading Her frame is but the crystal-clear covering of a bright and pure soul, without stain or shadow or blemish.

stainnounUS /steɪn/

a soiled or discolored appearance

From this reading Her frame is but the crystal-clear covering of a bright and pure soul, without stain or shadow or blemish.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It is not alone for her beauty, although that is as perfect and as graceful as the dream of some Greek artist hewn in immortal marble.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It is not alone for her beauty, although that is as perfect and as graceful as the dream of some Greek artist hewn in immortal marble.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading But there is that in her which wins my profoundest respect and love--I had almost said my veneration.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading ESTELLA AND I I need not say to you, my dear Heinrich, how greatly I love Estella.

venerationnounUS /ˌvenərˈeɪʃən/

a feeling of profound respect for someone or something

From this reading But there is that in her which wins my profoundest respect and love--I had almost said my veneration.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading But there is that in her which wins my profoundest respect and love--I had almost said my veneration.

winsnounUS /wɪnz/

plural of “win” — a victory (as in a race or other competition)

From this reading But there is that in her which wins my profoundest respect and love--I had almost said my veneration.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading Her frame is but the crystal-clear covering of a bright and pure soul, without stain or shadow or blemish.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading That alone would have elicited merely my admiration.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading ESTELLA AND I I need not say to you, my dear Heinrich, how greatly I love Estella.

Chapter 22 of Cæsar's Column by Ignatius Donnelly holds 106 sentences, grouped into 22 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 22 of Cæsar's Column contain?

Chapter 22 holds 106 sentences of Cæsar's Column, unabridged, divided into 22 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 22 of Cæsar's Column by Ignatius Donnelly exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 106 sentences, grouped into 22 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 22 of Cæsar's Column?

Work through the 22 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 22 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 22 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 22 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Cæsar's Column

Common questions about reading Cæsar's Column by Ignatius Donnelly on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Cæsar's Column?

Yes. All 4928 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #5155 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Cæsar's Column is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #5155, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Cæsar's Column take to read?

About 410 minutes of reading across 986 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Cæsar's Column section by section

How to work through Cæsar's Column section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Cæsar's Column to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Cæsar's Column

Words and structures a reader meets early in Cæsar's Column, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Series
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cæsar's Column; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Letters
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cæsar's Column; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Gabriel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cæsar's Column; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Weltstein
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cæsar's Column; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.