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Cæsar's Column
Cæsar's Column

Chapter XXXIII · Chapter 33

Chapter 33 of Cæsar's Column is here in full — 89 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/17 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"THE OCEAN OVERPEERS ITS LIST" And then all avenues were open.
And like a huge flood, long damned up, turbulent, turbid, muddy, loaded with wrecks and debris, the gigantic mass broke loose, full of foam and terror, and flowed in every direction.
A foul and brutal and ravenous multitude it was, dark with dust and sweat, armed with the weapons of civilization, but possessing only the instincts of wild beasts.
At first they were under the control of some species of discipline and moved toward the houses of the condemned, of whom printed catalogues had been furnished the officers.
The shouts, the yells, the delight were appalling.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Cæsar's Column

Chapter XXXIII · Chapter 33

Chapter 33 of Cæsar's Column is here in full — 89 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/17 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"THE OCEAN OVERPEERS ITS LIST" And then all avenues were open.
Line 2
And like a huge flood, long damned up, turbulent, turbid, muddy, loaded with wrecks and debris, the gigantic mass broke loose, full of foam and terror, and flowed in every direction.
/ənd laɪk ə hjuːdʒ flʌd lɔːŋ dæmd ʌp ˈtɜːrbjələnt ˈtɜːrbɪd ˈmʌdi ˈloʊdɪd wɪð reks ənd dəˈbriː ðə dʒaɪˈɡæntɪk mæs broʊk luːs fʊl ʌv foʊm ənd ˈterər ənd floʊd ɪn ˈevəri dərˈekʃən/
Line 3
A foul and brutal and ravenous multitude it was, dark with dust and sweat, armed with the weapons of civilization, but possessing only the instincts of wild beasts.
/ə faʊl ənd ˈbruːtəl ənd ˈrævənəs ˈmʌltətuːd ɪt wɑːz dɑːrk wɪð dʌst ənd swet ɑːrmd wɪð ðə ˈwepənz ʌv ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃən bʌt pəˈzesɪŋ ˈoʊnli ðə ˈɪnstɪŋkts ʌv waɪld biːsts/
Line 4
At first they were under the control of some species of discipline and moved toward the houses of the condemned, of whom printed catalogues had been furnished the officers.
/æt fɜːrst ðeɪ wɜːr ˈʌndər ðə kənˈtroʊl ʌv sʌm ˈspiːʃiz ʌv ˈdɪsəplən ənd muːvd təˈwɔːrd ðə ˈhaʊsəz ʌv ðə kənˈdemd ʌv huːm ˈprɪntɪd ˈkætəlɔːɡz hæd bɪn ˈfɜːrnɪʃt ðə ˈɔːfəsərz/
Line 5
The shouts, the yells, the delight were appalling.
/ðə ʃaʊts ðə jelz ðə dɪˈlaɪt wɜːr əˈpɔːlɪŋ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

avenues noun US /ˈævənuːz/

plural of “avenue” — a line of approach

From this reading “"THE OCEAN OVERPEERS ITS LIST" And then all avenues were open.”

catalogues noun US /ˈkætəlɔːɡz/

plural of “catalogue” — a complete list of things; usually arranged systematically

From this reading “At first they were under the control of some species of discipline and moved toward the houses of the condemned, of whom printed catalogues had been furnished the officers.”

debris noun US /dəˈbriː/

the remains of something that has been destroyed or broken up

From this reading “And like a huge flood, long damned up, turbulent, turbid, muddy, loaded with wrecks and debris, the gigantic mass broke loose, full of foam and terror, and flowed in every direction.”

ravenous adjective US /ˈrævənəs/

extremely hungry

From this reading “A foul and brutal and ravenous multitude it was, dark with dust and sweat, armed with the weapons of civilization, but possessing only the instincts of wild beasts.”

turbid adjective US /ˈtɜːrbɪd/

(of liquids) clouded as with sediment

From this reading “And like a huge flood, long damned up, turbulent, turbid, muddy, loaded with wrecks and debris, the gigantic mass broke loose, full of foam and terror, and flowed in every direction.”

turbulent adjective US /ˈtɜːrbjələnt/

characterized by unrest or disorder or insubordination

From this reading “And like a huge flood, long damned up, turbulent, turbid, muddy, loaded with wrecks and debris, the gigantic mass broke loose, full of foam and terror, and flowed in every direction.”

wrecks noun US /reks/

plural of “wreck” — something or someone that has suffered ruin or dilapidation

From this reading “And like a huge flood, long damned up, turbulent, turbid, muddy, loaded with wrecks and debris, the gigantic mass broke loose, full of foam and terror, and flowed in every direction.”

yells noun US /jelz/

plural of “yell” — a loud utterance; often in protest or opposition

From this reading “The shouts, the yells, the delight were appalling.”

All words in this reading · 78

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading And like a huge flood, long damned up, turbulent, turbid, muddy, loaded with wrecks and debris, the gigantic mass broke loose, full of foam and terror, and flowed in every direction.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading "THE OCEAN OVERPEERS ITS LIST" And then all avenues were open.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "THE OCEAN OVERPEERS ITS LIST" And then all avenues were open.

appallingnounUS /əˈpɔːlɪŋ/

an experience that appalls

From this reading The shouts, the yells, the delight were appalling.

armedadjectiveUS /ɑːrmd/

(used of persons or the military) characterized by having or bearing arms

From this reading A foul and brutal and ravenous multitude it was, dark with dust and sweat, armed with the weapons of civilization, but possessing only the instincts of wild beasts.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At first they were under the control of some species of discipline and moved toward the houses of the condemned, of whom printed catalogues had been furnished the officers.

avenuesnounUS /ˈævənuːz/

plural of “avenue” — a line of approach

From this reading "THE OCEAN OVERPEERS ITS LIST" And then all avenues were open.

beastsnounUS /biːsts/

plural of “beast” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading A foul and brutal and ravenous multitude it was, dark with dust and sweat, armed with the weapons of civilization, but possessing only the instincts of wild beasts.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading At first they were under the control of some species of discipline and moved toward the houses of the condemned, of whom printed catalogues had been furnished the officers.

brokeadjectiveUS /broʊk/

lacking funds

From this reading And like a huge flood, long damned up, turbulent, turbid, muddy, loaded with wrecks and debris, the gigantic mass broke loose, full of foam and terror, and flowed in every direction.

brutaladjectiveUS /ˈbruːtəl/

(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering

From this reading A foul and brutal and ravenous multitude it was, dark with dust and sweat, armed with the weapons of civilization, but possessing only the instincts of wild beasts.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading A foul and brutal and ravenous multitude it was, dark with dust and sweat, armed with the weapons of civilization, but possessing only the instincts of wild beasts.

cataloguesnounUS /ˈkætəlɔːɡz/

plural of “catalogue” — a complete list of things; usually arranged systematically

From this reading At first they were under the control of some species of discipline and moved toward the houses of the condemned, of whom printed catalogues had been furnished the officers.

civilizationnounUS /ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃən/

a society in an advanced state of social development (e.g., with complex legal and political and religious organizations)

From this reading A foul and brutal and ravenous multitude it was, dark with dust and sweat, armed with the weapons of civilization, but possessing only the instincts of wild beasts.

condemnedverbUS /kənˈdemd/

past form of “condemn” — express strong disapproval of

From this reading At first they were under the control of some species of discipline and moved toward the houses of the condemned, of whom printed catalogues had been furnished the officers.

controlnounUS /kənˈtroʊl/

power to direct or determine

From this reading At first they were under the control of some species of discipline and moved toward the houses of the condemned, of whom printed catalogues had been furnished the officers.

damnedadjectiveUS /dæmd/

expletives used informally as intensifiers

From this reading And like a huge flood, long damned up, turbulent, turbid, muddy, loaded with wrecks and debris, the gigantic mass broke loose, full of foam and terror, and flowed in every direction.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading A foul and brutal and ravenous multitude it was, dark with dust and sweat, armed with the weapons of civilization, but possessing only the instincts of wild beasts.

debrisnounUS /dəˈbriː/

the remains of something that has been destroyed or broken up

From this reading And like a huge flood, long damned up, turbulent, turbid, muddy, loaded with wrecks and debris, the gigantic mass broke loose, full of foam and terror, and flowed in every direction.

delightverbUS /dɪˈlaɪt/

give pleasure to or be pleasing to

From this reading The shouts, the yells, the delight were appalling.

directionnounUS /dərˈekʃən/

a line leading to a place or point

From this reading And like a huge flood, long damned up, turbulent, turbid, muddy, loaded with wrecks and debris, the gigantic mass broke loose, full of foam and terror, and flowed in every direction.

disciplinenounUS /ˈdɪsəplən/

a branch of knowledge

From this reading At first they were under the control of some species of discipline and moved toward the houses of the condemned, of whom printed catalogues had been furnished the officers.

dustverbUS /dʌst/

remove the dust from

From this reading A foul and brutal and ravenous multitude it was, dark with dust and sweat, armed with the weapons of civilization, but possessing only the instincts of wild beasts.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading And like a huge flood, long damned up, turbulent, turbid, muddy, loaded with wrecks and debris, the gigantic mass broke loose, full of foam and terror, and flowed in every direction.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading At first they were under the control of some species of discipline and moved toward the houses of the condemned, of whom printed catalogues had been furnished the officers.

floodnounUS /flʌd/

the rising of a body of water and its overflowing onto normally dry land

From this reading And like a huge flood, long damned up, turbulent, turbid, muddy, loaded with wrecks and debris, the gigantic mass broke loose, full of foam and terror, and flowed in every direction.

flowedverbUS /floʊd/

past form of “flow” — move or progress freely as if in a stream

From this reading And like a huge flood, long damned up, turbulent, turbid, muddy, loaded with wrecks and debris, the gigantic mass broke loose, full of foam and terror, and flowed in every direction.

foamnounUS /foʊm/

a mass of small bubbles formed in or on a liquid

From this reading And like a huge flood, long damned up, turbulent, turbid, muddy, loaded with wrecks and debris, the gigantic mass broke loose, full of foam and terror, and flowed in every direction.

fouladjectiveUS /faʊl/

highly offensive; arousing aversion or disgust

From this reading A foul and brutal and ravenous multitude it was, dark with dust and sweat, armed with the weapons of civilization, but possessing only the instincts of wild beasts.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading And like a huge flood, long damned up, turbulent, turbid, muddy, loaded with wrecks and debris, the gigantic mass broke loose, full of foam and terror, and flowed in every direction.

furnishedadjectiveUS /ˈfɜːrnɪʃt/

provided with whatever is necessary for a purpose (as furniture or equipment or authority)

From this reading At first they were under the control of some species of discipline and moved toward the houses of the condemned, of whom printed catalogues had been furnished the officers.

giganticadjectiveUS /dʒaɪˈɡæntɪk/

so exceedingly large or extensive as to suggest a giant or mammoth

From this reading And like a huge flood, long damned up, turbulent, turbid, muddy, loaded with wrecks and debris, the gigantic mass broke loose, full of foam and terror, and flowed in every direction.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading At first they were under the control of some species of discipline and moved toward the houses of the condemned, of whom printed catalogues had been furnished the officers.

housesnounUS /ˈhaʊsəz/

plural of “house” — a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading At first they were under the control of some species of discipline and moved toward the houses of the condemned, of whom printed catalogues had been furnished the officers.

hugeadjectiveUS /hjuːdʒ/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading And like a huge flood, long damned up, turbulent, turbid, muddy, loaded with wrecks and debris, the gigantic mass broke loose, full of foam and terror, and flowed in every direction.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading And like a huge flood, long damned up, turbulent, turbid, muddy, loaded with wrecks and debris, the gigantic mass broke loose, full of foam and terror, and flowed in every direction.

instinctsnounUS /ˈɪnstɪŋkts/

plural of “instinct” — inborn pattern of behavior often responsive to specific stimuli

From this reading A foul and brutal and ravenous multitude it was, dark with dust and sweat, armed with the weapons of civilization, but possessing only the instincts of wild beasts.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading A foul and brutal and ravenous multitude it was, dark with dust and sweat, armed with the weapons of civilization, but possessing only the instincts of wild beasts.

ITSdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading "THE OCEAN OVERPEERS ITS LIST" And then all avenues were open.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading And like a huge flood, long damned up, turbulent, turbid, muddy, loaded with wrecks and debris, the gigantic mass broke loose, full of foam and terror, and flowed in every direction.

LISTverbUS /lɪst/

give or make a list of; name individually; give the names of

From this reading "THE OCEAN OVERPEERS ITS LIST" And then all avenues were open.

loadedadjectiveUS /ˈloʊdɪd/

filled with a great quantity

From this reading And like a huge flood, long damned up, turbulent, turbid, muddy, loaded with wrecks and debris, the gigantic mass broke loose, full of foam and terror, and flowed in every direction.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading And like a huge flood, long damned up, turbulent, turbid, muddy, loaded with wrecks and debris, the gigantic mass broke loose, full of foam and terror, and flowed in every direction.

looseadjectiveUS /luːs/

not compact or dense in structure or arrangement

From this reading And like a huge flood, long damned up, turbulent, turbid, muddy, loaded with wrecks and debris, the gigantic mass broke loose, full of foam and terror, and flowed in every direction.

massnounUS /mæs/

the property of a body that causes it to have weight in a gravitational field

From this reading And like a huge flood, long damned up, turbulent, turbid, muddy, loaded with wrecks and debris, the gigantic mass broke loose, full of foam and terror, and flowed in every direction.

movedadjectiveUS /muːvd/

being excited or provoked to the expression of an emotion

From this reading At first they were under the control of some species of discipline and moved toward the houses of the condemned, of whom printed catalogues had been furnished the officers.

muddyadjectiveUS /ˈmʌdi/

(of soil) soft and watery

From this reading And like a huge flood, long damned up, turbulent, turbid, muddy, loaded with wrecks and debris, the gigantic mass broke loose, full of foam and terror, and flowed in every direction.

multitudenounUS /ˈmʌltətuːd/

a large indefinite number

From this reading A foul and brutal and ravenous multitude it was, dark with dust and sweat, armed with the weapons of civilization, but possessing only the instincts of wild beasts.

OCEANnounUS /ˈoʊʃən/

a large body of water constituting a principal part of the hydrosphere

From this reading "THE OCEAN OVERPEERS ITS LIST" And then all avenues were open.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading And like a huge flood, long damned up, turbulent, turbid, muddy, loaded with wrecks and debris, the gigantic mass broke loose, full of foam and terror, and flowed in every direction.

officersnounUS /ˈɔːfəsərz/

plural of “officer” — any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading At first they were under the control of some species of discipline and moved toward the houses of the condemned, of whom printed catalogues had been furnished the officers.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading A foul and brutal and ravenous multitude it was, dark with dust and sweat, armed with the weapons of civilization, but possessing only the instincts of wild beasts.

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading "THE OCEAN OVERPEERS ITS LIST" And then all avenues were open.

OVERPEERS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "THE OCEAN OVERPEERS ITS LIST" And then all avenues were open.

possessingverbUS /pəˈzesɪŋ/

-ing form of “possess” — have as an attribute, knowledge, or skill

From this reading A foul and brutal and ravenous multitude it was, dark with dust and sweat, armed with the weapons of civilization, but possessing only the instincts of wild beasts.

printedverbUS /ˈprɪntɪd/

past form of “print” — put into print

From this reading At first they were under the control of some species of discipline and moved toward the houses of the condemned, of whom printed catalogues had been furnished the officers.

ravenousadjectiveUS /ˈrævənəs/

extremely hungry

From this reading A foul and brutal and ravenous multitude it was, dark with dust and sweat, armed with the weapons of civilization, but possessing only the instincts of wild beasts.

shoutsnounUS /ʃaʊts/

plural of “shout” — a loud utterance; often in protest or opposition

From this reading The shouts, the yells, the delight were appalling.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading At first they were under the control of some species of discipline and moved toward the houses of the condemned, of whom printed catalogues had been furnished the officers.

speciesnounUS /ˈspiːʃiz/

(biology) taxonomic group whose members can interbreed

From this reading At first they were under the control of some species of discipline and moved toward the houses of the condemned, of whom printed catalogues had been furnished the officers.

sweatnounUS /swet/

salty fluid secreted by sweat glands

From this reading A foul and brutal and ravenous multitude it was, dark with dust and sweat, armed with the weapons of civilization, but possessing only the instincts of wild beasts.

terrornounUS /ˈterər/

an overwhelming feeling of fear and anxiety

From this reading And like a huge flood, long damned up, turbulent, turbid, muddy, loaded with wrecks and debris, the gigantic mass broke loose, full of foam and terror, and flowed in every direction.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "THE OCEAN OVERPEERS ITS LIST" And then all avenues were open.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading "THE OCEAN OVERPEERS ITS LIST" And then all avenues were open.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading At first they were under the control of some species of discipline and moved toward the houses of the condemned, of whom printed catalogues had been furnished the officers.

towardprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrd/

in the direction of

From this reading At first they were under the control of some species of discipline and moved toward the houses of the condemned, of whom printed catalogues had been furnished the officers.

turbidadjectiveUS /ˈtɜːrbɪd/

(of liquids) clouded as with sediment

From this reading And like a huge flood, long damned up, turbulent, turbid, muddy, loaded with wrecks and debris, the gigantic mass broke loose, full of foam and terror, and flowed in every direction.

turbulentadjectiveUS /ˈtɜːrbjələnt/

characterized by unrest or disorder or insubordination

From this reading And like a huge flood, long damned up, turbulent, turbid, muddy, loaded with wrecks and debris, the gigantic mass broke loose, full of foam and terror, and flowed in every direction.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading At first they were under the control of some species of discipline and moved toward the houses of the condemned, of whom printed catalogues had been furnished the officers.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading And like a huge flood, long damned up, turbulent, turbid, muddy, loaded with wrecks and debris, the gigantic mass broke loose, full of foam and terror, and flowed in every direction.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A foul and brutal and ravenous multitude it was, dark with dust and sweat, armed with the weapons of civilization, but possessing only the instincts of wild beasts.

weaponsnounUS /ˈwepənz/

plural of “weapon” — any instrument or instrumentality used in fighting or hunting

From this reading A foul and brutal and ravenous multitude it was, dark with dust and sweat, armed with the weapons of civilization, but possessing only the instincts of wild beasts.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading "THE OCEAN OVERPEERS ITS LIST" And then all avenues were open.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading At first they were under the control of some species of discipline and moved toward the houses of the condemned, of whom printed catalogues had been furnished the officers.

wildadjectiveUS /waɪld/

marked by extreme lack of restraint or control

From this reading A foul and brutal and ravenous multitude it was, dark with dust and sweat, armed with the weapons of civilization, but possessing only the instincts of wild beasts.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading And like a huge flood, long damned up, turbulent, turbid, muddy, loaded with wrecks and debris, the gigantic mass broke loose, full of foam and terror, and flowed in every direction.

wrecksnounUS /reks/

plural of “wreck” — something or someone that has suffered ruin or dilapidation

From this reading And like a huge flood, long damned up, turbulent, turbid, muddy, loaded with wrecks and debris, the gigantic mass broke loose, full of foam and terror, and flowed in every direction.

yellsnounUS /jelz/

plural of “yell” — a loud utterance; often in protest or opposition

From this reading The shouts, the yells, the delight were appalling.

Chapter 33 of Cæsar's Column by Ignatius Donnelly holds 89 sentences, grouped into 18 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 33 of Cæsar's Column contain?

Chapter 33 holds 89 sentences of Cæsar's Column, unabridged, divided into 18 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 33 of Cæsar's Column by Ignatius Donnelly exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 89 sentences, grouped into 18 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 33 of Cæsar's Column?

Work through the 18 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 18 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 33 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 33 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Cæsar's Column

Common questions about reading Cæsar's Column by Ignatius Donnelly on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Cæsar's Column?

Yes. All 4928 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #5155 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Cæsar's Column is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #5155, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Cæsar's Column take to read?

About 410 minutes of reading across 986 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Cæsar's Column section by section

How to work through Cæsar's Column section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Cæsar's Column to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Cæsar's Column

Words and structures a reader meets early in Cæsar's Column, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Series
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cæsar's Column; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Letters
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cæsar's Column; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Gabriel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cæsar's Column; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Weltstein
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cæsar's Column; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.