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Cupid in Africa
Cupid in Africa

Chapter XXI · _Trial_

Chapter XXI of Cupid in Africa, “_Trial_,” is here in full — 258 sentences across 52 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/51 · 5 lines
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After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.
He felt that it was a strange and terrible thing that he should thus be suddenly called upon to try a man for his life.
Suppose that his two fellow-judges, Berners and Clarence, disagreed as to the death-sentence, and he had to give his verdict, knowing that a man’s life depended on it!
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Cupid in Africa

Chapter XXI · _Trial_

Chapter XXI of Cupid in Africa, “_Trial_,” is here in full — 258 sentences across 52 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/51 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.
Line 2
He felt that it was a strange and terrible thing that he should thus be suddenly called upon to try a man for his life.
/hiː felt ðæt ɪt wɑːz ə streɪndʒ ənd ˈterəbəl θɪŋ ðæt hiː ʃʊd ðʌs biː ˈsʌdənli kɔːld əˈpɑːn tuː traɪ ə mæn fɔːr hɪz laɪf/
Line 3
Suppose that his two fellow-judges, Berners and Clarence, disagreed as to the death-sentence, and he had to give his verdict, knowing that a man’s life depended on it!
Line 4
Line 5

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Bench noun US /bentʃ/

a long seat for more than one person

From this reading “After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.”

Clarence noun US /ˈklerəns/

a closed carriage with four wheels and seats for four passengers

From this reading “Suppose that his two fellow-judges, Berners and Clarence, disagreed as to the death-sentence, and he had to give his verdict, knowing that a man’s life depended on it!”

depended verb US /dɪˈpendəd/

past form of “depend” — be contingent upon (something that is elided)

From this reading “Suppose that his two fellow-judges, Berners and Clarence, disagreed as to the death-sentence, and he had to give his verdict, knowing that a man’s life depended on it!”

disagreed verb US /dɪsəˈɡriːd/

past form of “disagree” — be of different opinions

From this reading “Suppose that his two fellow-judges, Berners and Clarence, disagreed as to the death-sentence, and he had to give his verdict, knowing that a man’s life depended on it!”

inverted adjective US /ˌɪnˈvɜːrtɪd/

being in such a position that top and bottom are reversed

From this reading “After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.”

pail noun US /peɪl/

a roughly cylindrical vessel that is open at the top

From this reading “After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.”

Ruler noun US /ˈruːlər/

a person who rules or commands

From this reading “After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.”

verdict noun US /ˈvɜːrdɪkt/

(law) the findings of a jury on issues of fact submitted to it for decision; can be used in formulating a judgment

From this reading “Suppose that his two fellow-judges, Berners and Clarence, disagreed as to the death-sentence, and he had to give his verdict, knowing that a man’s life depended on it!”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

depended on verb + particle counted as “depend on”

be contingent on

In this reading “Suppose that his two fellow-judges, Berners and Clarence, disagreed as to the death-sentence, and he had to give his verdict, knowing that a man’s life depended on it!”

under a tree preposition + article + noun counted as “under … tree”

In this reading “After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.”

on the Bench preposition + article + noun counted as “on … bench”

In this reading “After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.”

terrible thing adjective + noun

In this reading “He felt that it was a strange and terrible thing that he should thus be suddenly called upon to try a man for his life.”

called upon verb + particle counted as “call upon”

In this reading “He felt that it was a strange and terrible thing that he should thus be suddenly called upon to try a man for his life.”

last time adjective + noun

In this reading “After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.”

All words in this reading · 59

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.

AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.

attendedadjectiveUS /əˈtendɪd/

playing or singing with instrumental or vocal accompaniment

From this reading After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading He felt that it was a strange and terrible thing that he should thus be suddenly called upon to try a man for his life.

BenchnounUS /bentʃ/

a long seat for more than one person

From this reading After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.

Berners

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Suppose that his two fellow-judges, Berners and Clarence, disagreed as to the death-sentence, and he had to give his verdict, knowing that a man’s life depended on it!

Bertram

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.

breakfastverbUS /ˈbrekfəst/

eat an early morning meal

From this reading After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading He felt that it was a strange and terrible thing that he should thus be suddenly called upon to try a man for his life.

ClarencenounUS /ˈklerəns/

a closed carriage with four wheels and seats for four passengers

From this reading Suppose that his two fellow-judges, Berners and Clarence, disagreed as to the death-sentence, and he had to give his verdict, knowing that a man’s life depended on it!

CourtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.

death-sentence

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Suppose that his two fellow-judges, Berners and Clarence, disagreed as to the death-sentence, and he had to give his verdict, knowing that a man’s life depended on it!

dependedverbUS /dɪˈpendəd/

past form of “depend” — be contingent upon (something that is elided)

From this reading Suppose that his two fellow-judges, Berners and Clarence, disagreed as to the death-sentence, and he had to give his verdict, knowing that a man’s life depended on it!

disagreedverbUS /dɪsəˈɡriːd/

past form of “disagree” — be of different opinions

From this reading Suppose that his two fellow-judges, Berners and Clarence, disagreed as to the death-sentence, and he had to give his verdict, knowing that a man’s life depended on it!

fellow-judges

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Suppose that his two fellow-judges, Berners and Clarence, disagreed as to the death-sentence, and he had to give his verdict, knowing that a man’s life depended on it!

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading He felt that it was a strange and terrible thing that he should thus be suddenly called upon to try a man for his life.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading Suppose that his two fellow-judges, Berners and Clarence, disagreed as to the death-sentence, and he had to give his verdict, knowing that a man’s life depended on it!

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Suppose that his two fellow-judges, Berners and Clarence, disagreed as to the death-sentence, and he had to give his verdict, knowing that a man’s life depended on it!

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He felt that it was a strange and terrible thing that he should thus be suddenly called upon to try a man for his life.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.

invertedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈvɜːrtɪd/

being in such a position that top and bottom are reversed

From this reading After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading He felt that it was a strange and terrible thing that he should thus be suddenly called upon to try a man for his life.

JudgeverbUS /dʒʌdʒ/

determine the result of (a competition)

From this reading After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.

knowingadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊɪŋ/

evidencing the possession of inside information

From this reading Suppose that his two fellow-judges, Berners and Clarence, disagreed as to the death-sentence, and he had to give his verdict, knowing that a man’s life depended on it!

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading He felt that it was a strange and terrible thing that he should thus be suddenly called upon to try a man for his life.

man'snounUS /mænz/

possessive form of “man” — an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Suppose that his two fellow-judges, Berners and Clarence, disagreed as to the death-sentence, and he had to give his verdict, knowing that a man’s life depended on it!

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.

pailnounUS /peɪl/

a roughly cylindrical vessel that is open at the top

From this reading After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.

RulernounUS /ˈruːlər/

a person who rules or commands

From this reading After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.

seatnounUS /siːt/

a space reserved for sitting (as in a theater or on a train or airplane)

From this reading After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading He felt that it was a strange and terrible thing that he should thus be suddenly called upon to try a man for his life.

strangeadjectiveUS /streɪndʒ/

being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird

From this reading He felt that it was a strange and terrible thing that he should thus be suddenly called upon to try a man for his life.

suddenlyadverbUS /ˈsʌdənli/

happening unexpectedly

From this reading He felt that it was a strange and terrible thing that he should thus be suddenly called upon to try a man for his life.

SupposeverbUS /səˈpoʊz/

express a supposition

From this reading Suppose that his two fellow-judges, Berners and Clarence, disagreed as to the death-sentence, and he had to give his verdict, knowing that a man’s life depended on it!

tablenounUS /ˈteɪbəl/

a set of data arranged in rows and columns

From this reading After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.

terribleadjectiveUS /ˈterəbəl/

causing fear or dread or terror

From this reading He felt that it was a strange and terrible thing that he should thus be suddenly called upon to try a man for his life.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He felt that it was a strange and terrible thing that he should thus be suddenly called upon to try a man for his life.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.

thingnounUS /θɪŋ/

a special situation

From this reading He felt that it was a strange and terrible thing that he should thus be suddenly called upon to try a man for his life.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading He felt that it was a strange and terrible thing that he should thus be suddenly called upon to try a man for his life.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He felt that it was a strange and terrible thing that he should thus be suddenly called upon to try a man for his life.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.

treenounUS /triː/

a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.

tryverbUS /traɪ/

make an effort or attempt

From this reading He felt that it was a strange and terrible thing that he should thus be suddenly called upon to try a man for his life.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Suppose that his two fellow-judges, Berners and Clarence, disagreed as to the death-sentence, and he had to give his verdict, knowing that a man’s life depended on it!

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading He felt that it was a strange and terrible thing that he should thus be suddenly called upon to try a man for his life.

verdictnounUS /ˈvɜːrdɪkt/

(law) the findings of a jury on issues of fact submitted to it for decision; can be used in formulating a judgment

From this reading Suppose that his two fellow-judges, Berners and Clarence, disagreed as to the death-sentence, and he had to give his verdict, knowing that a man’s life depended on it!

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading After breakfast Bertram attended Court, which was a table under a tree, and took his seat on the Bench, an inverted pail, as a Ruler and a Judge, for the first and last time in his life.

Chapter 21 of Cupid in Africa by Percival Christopher Wren holds 258 sentences, grouped into 52 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 21 of Cupid in Africa contain?

Chapter 21 holds 258 sentences of Cupid in Africa, unabridged, divided into 52 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 21 of Cupid in Africa by Percival Christopher Wren exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 258 sentences, grouped into 52 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 21 of Cupid in Africa?

Work through the 52 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 52 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 21 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 21 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Cupid in Africa

Common questions about reading Cupid in Africa by Percival Christopher Wren on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Cupid in Africa?

Yes. All 7727 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #37544 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Cupid in Africa is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #37544, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Cupid in Africa take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1546 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Cupid in Africa section by section

How to work through Cupid in Africa section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Cupid in Africa

Words and structures a reader meets early in Cupid in Africa, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Never
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cupid in Africa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lived
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cupid in Africa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Honourable
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cupid in Africa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Upright
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cupid in Africa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.