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David Copperfield
David Copperfield

Chapter XXXIV · Chapter 34

Chapter 34 of David Copperfield is here in full — 298 sentences across 60 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/59 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
This is not the time at which I am to enter on the state of my mind beneath its load of sorrow.
I came to think that the Future was walled up before me, that the energy and action of my life were at an end, that I never could find any refuge but in the grave.
I came to think so, I say, but not in the first shock of my grief.
It slowly grew to that.
If the events I go on to relate, had not thickened around me, in the beginning to confuse, and in the end to augment, my affliction, it is possible (though I think not probable), that I might have fallen at once into this condition.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

David Copperfield

Chapter XXXIV · Chapter 34

Chapter 34 of David Copperfield is here in full — 298 sentences across 60 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/59 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
This is not the time at which I am to enter on the state of my mind beneath its load of sorrow.
/ðɪs ɪz nɑːt ðə taɪm æt wɪtʃ aɪ æm tuː ˈentər ɑːn ðə steɪt ʌv maɪ maɪnd bɪˈniːθ ɪts loʊd ʌv ˈsɑːroʊ/
Line 2
I came to think that the Future was walled up before me, that the energy and action of my life were at an end, that I never could find any refuge but in the grave.
/aɪ keɪm tuː θɪŋk ðæt ðə ˈfjuːtʃər wɑːz wɔːld ʌp bɪˈfɔːr miː ðæt ðə ˈenərdʒi ənd ˈækʃən ʌv maɪ laɪf wɜːr æt æn end ðæt aɪ ˈnevər kʊd faɪnd ˈeni ˈrefjuːdʒ bʌt ɪn ðə ɡreɪv/
Line 3
I came to think so, I say, but not in the first shock of my grief.
/aɪ keɪm tuː θɪŋk soʊ aɪ seɪ bʌt nɑːt ɪn ðə fɜːrst ʃɑːk ʌv maɪ ɡriːf/
Line 4
It slowly grew to that.
/ɪt ˈsloʊli ɡruː tuː ðæt/
Line 5
If the events I go on to relate, had not thickened around me, in the beginning to confuse, and in the end to augment, my affliction, it is possible (though I think not probable), that I might have fallen at once into this condition.
/ɪf ðə ɪˈvents aɪ ɡoʊ ɑːn tuː rɪˈleɪt hæd nɑːt ˈθɪkənd ərˈaʊnd miː ɪn ðə bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ tuː kənˈfjuːz ənd ɪn ðə end tuː ɔːɡˈment maɪ əˈflɪkʃən ɪt ɪz ˈpɑːsəbəl ðoʊ aɪ θɪŋk nɑːt ˈprɑːbəbəl ðæt aɪ maɪt hæv ˈfɑːlən æt wʌns ˈɪntuː ðɪs kənˈdɪʃən/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

affliction noun US /əˈflɪkʃən/

a state of great suffering and distress due to adversity

From this reading “If the events I go on to relate, had not thickened around me, in the beginning to confuse, and in the end to augment, my affliction, it is possible (though I think not probable), that I might have fallen at once into this condition.”

augment verb US /ɔːɡˈment/

enlarge or increase

From this reading “If the events I go on to relate, had not thickened around me, in the beginning to confuse, and in the end to augment, my affliction, it is possible (though I think not probable), that I might have fallen at once into this condition.”

confuse verb US /kənˈfjuːz/

mistake one thing for another

From this reading “If the events I go on to relate, had not thickened around me, in the beginning to confuse, and in the end to augment, my affliction, it is possible (though I think not probable), that I might have fallen at once into this condition.”

load noun US /loʊd/

weight to be borne or conveyed

From this reading “This is not the time at which I am to enter on the state of my mind beneath its load of sorrow.”

probable adjective US /ˈprɑːbəbəl/

likely but not certain to be or become true or real

From this reading “If the events I go on to relate, had not thickened around me, in the beginning to confuse, and in the end to augment, my affliction, it is possible (though I think not probable), that I might have fallen at once into this condition.”

relate verb US /rɪˈleɪt/

make a logical or causal connection

From this reading “If the events I go on to relate, had not thickened around me, in the beginning to confuse, and in the end to augment, my affliction, it is possible (though I think not probable), that I might have fallen at once into this condition.”

thickened adjective US /ˈθɪkənd/

made or having become thick

From this reading “If the events I go on to relate, had not thickened around me, in the beginning to confuse, and in the end to augment, my affliction, it is possible (though I think not probable), that I might have fallen at once into this condition.”

walled verb US /wɔːld/

past form of “wall” — surround with a wall in order to fortify

From this reading “I came to think that the Future was walled up before me, that the energy and action of my life were at an end, that I never could find any refuge but in the grave.”

All words in this reading · 72

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

actionnounUS /ˈækʃən/

something done (usually as opposed to something said)

From this reading I came to think that the Future was walled up before me, that the energy and action of my life were at an end, that I never could find any refuge but in the grave.

afflictionnounUS /əˈflɪkʃən/

a state of great suffering and distress due to adversity

From this reading If the events I go on to relate, had not thickened around me, in the beginning to confuse, and in the end to augment, my affliction, it is possible (though I think not probable), that I might have fallen at once into this condition.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading This is not the time at which I am to enter on the state of my mind beneath its load of sorrow.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading I came to think that the Future was walled up before me, that the energy and action of my life were at an end, that I never could find any refuge but in the grave.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading I came to think that the Future was walled up before me, that the energy and action of my life were at an end, that I never could find any refuge but in the grave.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading I came to think that the Future was walled up before me, that the energy and action of my life were at an end, that I never could find any refuge but in the grave.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading If the events I go on to relate, had not thickened around me, in the beginning to confuse, and in the end to augment, my affliction, it is possible (though I think not probable), that I might have fallen at once into this condition.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading This is not the time at which I am to enter on the state of my mind beneath its load of sorrow.

augmentverbUS /ɔːɡˈment/

enlarge or increase

From this reading If the events I go on to relate, had not thickened around me, in the beginning to confuse, and in the end to augment, my affliction, it is possible (though I think not probable), that I might have fallen at once into this condition.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading I came to think that the Future was walled up before me, that the energy and action of my life were at an end, that I never could find any refuge but in the grave.

beginningnounUS /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading If the events I go on to relate, had not thickened around me, in the beginning to confuse, and in the end to augment, my affliction, it is possible (though I think not probable), that I might have fallen at once into this condition.

beneathprepositionUS /bɪˈniːθ/

Directly under; in or to a lower position than.

From this reading This is not the time at which I am to enter on the state of my mind beneath its load of sorrow.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading I came to think that the Future was walled up before me, that the energy and action of my life were at an end, that I never could find any refuge but in the grave.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading I came to think that the Future was walled up before me, that the energy and action of my life were at an end, that I never could find any refuge but in the grave.

conditionnounUS /kənˈdɪʃən/

a state at a particular time

From this reading If the events I go on to relate, had not thickened around me, in the beginning to confuse, and in the end to augment, my affliction, it is possible (though I think not probable), that I might have fallen at once into this condition.

confuseverbUS /kənˈfjuːz/

mistake one thing for another

From this reading If the events I go on to relate, had not thickened around me, in the beginning to confuse, and in the end to augment, my affliction, it is possible (though I think not probable), that I might have fallen at once into this condition.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading I came to think that the Future was walled up before me, that the energy and action of my life were at an end, that I never could find any refuge but in the grave.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading I came to think that the Future was walled up before me, that the energy and action of my life were at an end, that I never could find any refuge but in the grave.

energynounUS /ˈenərdʒi/

(physics) a thermodynamic quantity equivalent to the capacity of a physical system to do work; the units of energy are joules or ergs

From this reading I came to think that the Future was walled up before me, that the energy and action of my life were at an end, that I never could find any refuge but in the grave.

enterverbUS /ˈentər/

to come or go into

From this reading This is not the time at which I am to enter on the state of my mind beneath its load of sorrow.

eventsnounUS /ɪˈvents/

plural of “event” — something that happens at a given place and time

From this reading If the events I go on to relate, had not thickened around me, in the beginning to confuse, and in the end to augment, my affliction, it is possible (though I think not probable), that I might have fallen at once into this condition.

fallenadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlən/

having dropped by the force of gravity

From this reading If the events I go on to relate, had not thickened around me, in the beginning to confuse, and in the end to augment, my affliction, it is possible (though I think not probable), that I might have fallen at once into this condition.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading I came to think that the Future was walled up before me, that the energy and action of my life were at an end, that I never could find any refuge but in the grave.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading I came to think so, I say, but not in the first shock of my grief.

FutureadjectiveUS /ˈfjuːtʃər/

yet to be or coming

From this reading I came to think that the Future was walled up before me, that the energy and action of my life were at an end, that I never could find any refuge but in the grave.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading If the events I go on to relate, had not thickened around me, in the beginning to confuse, and in the end to augment, my affliction, it is possible (though I think not probable), that I might have fallen at once into this condition.

gravenounUS /ɡreɪv/

death of a person

From this reading I came to think that the Future was walled up before me, that the energy and action of my life were at an end, that I never could find any refuge but in the grave.

grewverbUS /ɡruː/

inflected form of “grow” — pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading It slowly grew to that.

griefnounUS /ɡriːf/

intense sorrow caused by loss of a loved one (especially by death)

From this reading I came to think so, I say, but not in the first shock of my grief.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading If the events I go on to relate, had not thickened around me, in the beginning to confuse, and in the end to augment, my affliction, it is possible (though I think not probable), that I might have fallen at once into this condition.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading If the events I go on to relate, had not thickened around me, in the beginning to confuse, and in the end to augment, my affliction, it is possible (though I think not probable), that I might have fallen at once into this condition.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading This is not the time at which I am to enter on the state of my mind beneath its load of sorrow.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If the events I go on to relate, had not thickened around me, in the beginning to confuse, and in the end to augment, my affliction, it is possible (though I think not probable), that I might have fallen at once into this condition.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading I came to think that the Future was walled up before me, that the energy and action of my life were at an end, that I never could find any refuge but in the grave.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading If the events I go on to relate, had not thickened around me, in the beginning to confuse, and in the end to augment, my affliction, it is possible (though I think not probable), that I might have fallen at once into this condition.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This is not the time at which I am to enter on the state of my mind beneath its load of sorrow.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It slowly grew to that.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading This is not the time at which I am to enter on the state of my mind beneath its load of sorrow.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading I came to think that the Future was walled up before me, that the energy and action of my life were at an end, that I never could find any refuge but in the grave.

loadnounUS /loʊd/

weight to be borne or conveyed

From this reading This is not the time at which I am to enter on the state of my mind beneath its load of sorrow.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading I came to think that the Future was walled up before me, that the energy and action of my life were at an end, that I never could find any refuge but in the grave.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading If the events I go on to relate, had not thickened around me, in the beginning to confuse, and in the end to augment, my affliction, it is possible (though I think not probable), that I might have fallen at once into this condition.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading This is not the time at which I am to enter on the state of my mind beneath its load of sorrow.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading This is not the time at which I am to enter on the state of my mind beneath its load of sorrow.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading I came to think that the Future was walled up before me, that the energy and action of my life were at an end, that I never could find any refuge but in the grave.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading This is not the time at which I am to enter on the state of my mind beneath its load of sorrow.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading This is not the time at which I am to enter on the state of my mind beneath its load of sorrow.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading This is not the time at which I am to enter on the state of my mind beneath its load of sorrow.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading If the events I go on to relate, had not thickened around me, in the beginning to confuse, and in the end to augment, my affliction, it is possible (though I think not probable), that I might have fallen at once into this condition.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading If the events I go on to relate, had not thickened around me, in the beginning to confuse, and in the end to augment, my affliction, it is possible (though I think not probable), that I might have fallen at once into this condition.

probableadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːbəbəl/

likely but not certain to be or become true or real

From this reading If the events I go on to relate, had not thickened around me, in the beginning to confuse, and in the end to augment, my affliction, it is possible (though I think not probable), that I might have fallen at once into this condition.

refugenounUS /ˈrefjuːdʒ/

a safe place

From this reading I came to think that the Future was walled up before me, that the energy and action of my life were at an end, that I never could find any refuge but in the grave.

relateverbUS /rɪˈleɪt/

make a logical or causal connection

From this reading If the events I go on to relate, had not thickened around me, in the beginning to confuse, and in the end to augment, my affliction, it is possible (though I think not probable), that I might have fallen at once into this condition.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading I came to think so, I say, but not in the first shock of my grief.

shocknounUS /ʃɑːk/

the feeling of distress and disbelief that you have when something bad happens accidentally

From this reading I came to think so, I say, but not in the first shock of my grief.

slowlyadverbUS /ˈsloʊli/

without speed (“slow” is sometimes used informally for “slowly”)

From this reading It slowly grew to that.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading I came to think so, I say, but not in the first shock of my grief.

sorrownounUS /ˈsɑːroʊ/

an emotion of great sadness associated with loss or bereavement

From this reading This is not the time at which I am to enter on the state of my mind beneath its load of sorrow.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading This is not the time at which I am to enter on the state of my mind beneath its load of sorrow.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I came to think that the Future was walled up before me, that the energy and action of my life were at an end, that I never could find any refuge but in the grave.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading This is not the time at which I am to enter on the state of my mind beneath its load of sorrow.

thickenedadjectiveUS /ˈθɪkənd/

made or having become thick

From this reading If the events I go on to relate, had not thickened around me, in the beginning to confuse, and in the end to augment, my affliction, it is possible (though I think not probable), that I might have fallen at once into this condition.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading I came to think that the Future was walled up before me, that the energy and action of my life were at an end, that I never could find any refuge but in the grave.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This is not the time at which I am to enter on the state of my mind beneath its load of sorrow.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading If the events I go on to relate, had not thickened around me, in the beginning to confuse, and in the end to augment, my affliction, it is possible (though I think not probable), that I might have fallen at once into this condition.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading This is not the time at which I am to enter on the state of my mind beneath its load of sorrow.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading This is not the time at which I am to enter on the state of my mind beneath its load of sorrow.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading I came to think that the Future was walled up before me, that the energy and action of my life were at an end, that I never could find any refuge but in the grave.

walledverbUS /wɔːld/

past form of “wall” — surround with a wall in order to fortify

From this reading I came to think that the Future was walled up before me, that the energy and action of my life were at an end, that I never could find any refuge but in the grave.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading I came to think that the Future was walled up before me, that the energy and action of my life were at an end, that I never could find any refuge but in the grave.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading I came to think that the Future was walled up before me, that the energy and action of my life were at an end, that I never could find any refuge but in the grave.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading This is not the time at which I am to enter on the state of my mind beneath its load of sorrow.

Chapter 34 of David Copperfield by Charles Dickens holds 298 sentences, grouped into 60 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 34 of David Copperfield contain?

Chapter 34 holds 298 sentences of David Copperfield, unabridged, divided into 60 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 34 of David Copperfield by Charles Dickens exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 298 sentences, grouped into 60 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 34 of David Copperfield?

Work through the 60 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 60 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 34 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 34 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading David Copperfield

Common questions about reading David Copperfield by Charles Dickens on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of David Copperfield?

Yes. All 18139 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #766 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of David Copperfield is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #766, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does David Copperfield take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 3628 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read David Copperfield section by section

How to work through David Copperfield section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of David Copperfield to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in David Copperfield

Words and structures a reader meets early in David Copperfield, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Whether
A word that appears in the opening chapter of David Copperfield; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Shall
A word that appears in the opening chapter of David Copperfield; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Station
A word that appears in the opening chapter of David Copperfield; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Anybody
A word that appears in the opening chapter of David Copperfield; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.