Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
David Malcolm
David Malcolm

Chapter XXVI · Chapter 26

Chapter 26 of David Malcolm is here in full — 101 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for David Malcolm
Context Illustration Reading 1/20 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.
At noon I stood on the crest of the same hills watching the usual retreat.
A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.
Before me stretched the road, a white band across the undulating green of the plain.
In that road, a mile away, I saw the rear-guard as it retired swiftly but steadily, facing again and again to deliver its volleys into the lines of the advancing foe.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

David Malcolm

Chapter XXVI · Chapter 26

Chapter 26 of David Malcolm is here in full — 101 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/20 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.
Line 2
At noon I stood on the crest of the same hills watching the usual retreat.
/æt nuːn aɪ stʊd ɑːn ðə krest ʌv ðə seɪm hɪlz ˈwɑːtʃɪŋ ðə ˈjuːʒəwəl riˈtriːt/
Line 3
A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.
Line 4
Before me stretched the road, a white band across the undulating green of the plain.
/bɪˈfɔːr miː stretʃt ðə roʊd ə waɪt bænd əˈkrɔːs ðə ˈʌndʒəleɪtɪŋ ɡriːn ʌv ðə pleɪn/
Line 5
In that road, a mile away, I saw the rear-guard as it retired swiftly but steadily, facing again and again to deliver its volleys into the lines of the advancing foe.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

blotched adjective US /blɑːttʃt/

marked with irregularly shaped spots or blots

From this reading “A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.”

enclosing noun US /enˈkloʊzɪŋ/

the act of enclosing something inside something else

From this reading “A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.”

flanks noun US /flæŋks/

plural of “flank” — the side of military or naval formation

From this reading “A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.”

Greeks noun US /ɡriːks/

plural of “greek” — the Hellenic branch of the Indo-European family of languages

From this reading “A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.”

narrowing noun US /ˈneroʊɪŋ/

an instance of becoming narrow

From this reading “A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.”

pitched adjective US /pɪtʃt/

(of sound) set to a certain pitch or key; usually used as a combining form

From this reading “I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.”

undulating verb US /ˈʌndʒəleɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “undulate” — stir up (water) so as to form ripples

From this reading “Before me stretched the road, a white band across the undulating green of the plain.”

volleys noun US /ˈvɑːliz/

plural of “volley” — rapid simultaneous discharge of firearms

From this reading “In that road, a mile away, I saw the rear-guard as it retired swiftly but steadily, facing again and again to deliver its volleys into the lines of the advancing foe.”

All words in this reading · 94

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading Before me stretched the road, a white band across the undulating green of the plain.

advancingadjectiveUS /ədˈvænsɪŋ/

moving forward

From this reading In that road, a mile away, I saw the rear-guard as it retired swiftly but steadily, facing again and again to deliver its volleys into the lines of the advancing foe.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading In that road, a mile away, I saw the rear-guard as it retired swiftly but steadily, facing again and again to deliver its volleys into the lines of the advancing foe.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading In that road, a mile away, I saw the rear-guard as it retired swiftly but steadily, facing again and again to deliver its volleys into the lines of the advancing foe.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.

bandnounUS /bænd/

an unofficial association of people or groups

From this reading Before me stretched the road, a white band across the undulating green of the plain.

battlenounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.

BeforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Before me stretched the road, a white band across the undulating green of the plain.

blotchedadjectiveUS /blɑːttʃt/

marked with irregularly shaped spots or blots

From this reading A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading In that road, a mile away, I saw the rear-guard as it retired swiftly but steadily, facing again and again to deliver its volleys into the lines of the advancing foe.

crestnounUS /krest/

the top line of a hill, mountain, or wave

From this reading At noon I stood on the crest of the same hills watching the usual retreat.

deliververbUS /dɪˈlɪvər/

deliver (a speech, oration, or idea)

From this reading In that road, a mile away, I saw the rear-guard as it retired swiftly but steadily, facing again and again to deliver its volleys into the lines of the advancing foe.

drawingnounUS /ˈdrɔːɪŋ/

an illustration that is drawn by hand and published in a book, magazine, or newspaper

From this reading A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.

enclosingnounUS /enˈkloʊzɪŋ/

the act of enclosing something inside something else

From this reading A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.

enemynounUS /ˈenəmi/

an opposing military force

From this reading A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.

facingnounUS /ˈfeɪsɪŋ/

a lining applied to the edge of a garment for ornamentation or strengthening

From this reading In that road, a mile away, I saw the rear-guard as it retired swiftly but steadily, facing again and again to deliver its volleys into the lines of the advancing foe.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.

flanksnounUS /flæŋks/

plural of “flank” — the side of military or naval formation

From this reading A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.

foenounUS /foʊ/

an armed adversary (especially a member of an opposing military force)

From this reading In that road, a mile away, I saw the rear-guard as it retired swiftly but steadily, facing again and again to deliver its volleys into the lines of the advancing foe.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.

graynounUS /ɡreɪ/

a neutral achromatic color midway between white and black

From this reading A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.

GreeknounUS /ɡriːk/

the Hellenic branch of the Indo-European family of languages

From this reading I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.

GreeksnounUS /ɡriːks/

plural of “greek” — the Hellenic branch of the Indo-European family of languages

From this reading A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading Before me stretched the road, a white band across the undulating green of the plain.

guardnounUS /ɡɑːrd/

a person who keeps watch over something or someone

From this reading A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.

hillsnounUS /hɪlz/

plural of “hill” — a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.

housesnounUS /ˈhaʊsəz/

plural of “house” — a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading In that road, a mile away, I saw the rear-guard as it retired swiftly but steadily, facing again and again to deliver its volleys into the lines of the advancing foe.

intrenched

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.

linesnounUS /laɪnz/

plural of “line” — a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading In that road, a mile away, I saw the rear-guard as it retired swiftly but steadily, facing again and again to deliver its volleys into the lines of the advancing foe.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Before me stretched the road, a white band across the undulating green of the plain.

milenounUS /maɪl/

a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading In that road, a mile away, I saw the rear-guard as it retired swiftly but steadily, facing again and again to deliver its volleys into the lines of the advancing foe.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.

mountainsnounUS /ˈmaʊntənz/

plural of “mountain” — a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.

narrowingnounUS /ˈneroʊɪŋ/

an instance of becoming narrow

From this reading A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.

noonnounUS /nuːn/

the middle of the day

From this reading At noon I stood on the crest of the same hills watching the usual retreat.

northnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading At noon I stood on the crest of the same hills watching the usual retreat.

Pharsala

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.

pitchedadjectiveUS /pɪtʃt/

(of sound) set to a certain pitch or key; usually used as a combining form

From this reading I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.

plainadjectiveUS /pleɪn/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading Before me stretched the road, a white band across the undulating green of the plain.

rearnounUS /rɪr/

the back of a military formation or procession

From this reading A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.

rear-guard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In that road, a mile away, I saw the rear-guard as it retired swiftly but steadily, facing again and again to deliver its volleys into the lines of the advancing foe.

retiredadjectiveUS /rɪˈtaɪrd/

no longer active in your work or profession

From this reading In that road, a mile away, I saw the rear-guard as it retired swiftly but steadily, facing again and again to deliver its volleys into the lines of the advancing foe.

retreatnounUS /riˈtriːt/

(military) withdrawal of troops to a more favorable position to escape the enemy's superior forces or after a defeat

From this reading At noon I stood on the crest of the same hills watching the usual retreat.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading Before me stretched the road, a white band across the undulating green of the plain.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading At noon I stood on the crest of the same hills watching the usual retreat.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading In that road, a mile away, I saw the rear-guard as it retired swiftly but steadily, facing again and again to deliver its volleys into the lines of the advancing foe.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.

semicirclenoun

a plane figure with the shape of half a circle

From this reading A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.

showverbUS /ʃoʊ/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.

southernadjectiveUS /ˈsʌðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States south of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.

standverbUS /stænd/

be standing; be upright

From this reading I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.

steadilyadverbUS /ˈstedəli/

at a steady rate or pace

From this reading In that road, a mile away, I saw the rear-guard as it retired swiftly but steadily, facing again and again to deliver its volleys into the lines of the advancing foe.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading At noon I stood on the crest of the same hills watching the usual retreat.

stretchedadjectiveUS /stretʃt/

(of muscles) relieved of stiffness by stretching

From this reading Before me stretched the road, a white band across the undulating green of the plain.

swiftlyadverbUS /ˈswɪftli/

in a swift manner

From this reading In that road, a mile away, I saw the rear-guard as it retired swiftly but steadily, facing again and again to deliver its volleys into the lines of the advancing foe.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.

Thessalynoun

a fertile plain on the Aegean Sea in east central Greece; Thessaly was a former region of ancient Greece

From this reading A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.

towardprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrd/

in the direction of

From this reading A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.

undulatingverbUS /ˈʌndʒəleɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “undulate” — stir up (water) so as to form ripples

From this reading Before me stretched the road, a white band across the undulating green of the plain.

usualadjectiveUS /ˈjuːʒəwəl/

occurring or encountered or experienced or observed frequently or in accordance with regular practice or procedure

From this reading At noon I stood on the crest of the same hills watching the usual retreat.

valleynounUS /ˈvæli/

a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.

volleysnounUS /ˈvɑːliz/

plural of “volley” — rapid simultaneous discharge of firearms

From this reading In that road, a mile away, I saw the rear-guard as it retired swiftly but steadily, facing again and again to deliver its volleys into the lines of the advancing foe.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.

watchingnounUS /ˈwɑːtʃɪŋ/

the act of observing; taking a patient look

From this reading At noon I stood on the crest of the same hills watching the usual retreat.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading I had thought this morning that at last I was to see a pitched battle, for the Greek army was well intrenched in the hills north of Pharsala and made some show of a stand there.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading Before me stretched the road, a white band across the undulating green of the plain.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading A few miles away, its gray houses blotched against the mountains which guard southern Thessaly, was the town, and in the valley, drawing in toward it, the Greeks, with the enemy on their rear and flanks enclosing them in a narrowing semicircle of fire.

Chapter 26 of David Malcolm by Nelson Lloyd holds 101 sentences, grouped into 21 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 26 of David Malcolm contain?

Chapter 26 holds 101 sentences of David Malcolm, unabridged, divided into 21 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 26 of David Malcolm by Nelson Lloyd exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 101 sentences, grouped into 21 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 26 of David Malcolm?

Work through the 21 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 21 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 26 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 26 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading David Malcolm

Common questions about reading David Malcolm by Nelson Lloyd on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of David Malcolm?

Yes. All 5129 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #23741 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of David Malcolm is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #23741, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does David Malcolm take to read?

About 427 minutes of reading across 1026 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read David Malcolm section by section

How to work through David Malcolm section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 28 chapters of David Malcolm to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in David Malcolm

Words and structures a reader meets early in David Malcolm, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Tumble
A word that appears in the opening chapter of David Malcolm; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Water
A word that appears in the opening chapter of David Malcolm; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
David
A word that appears in the opening chapter of David Malcolm; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mother
A word that appears in the opening chapter of David Malcolm; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.