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Dead Souls
Dead Souls

Chapter XIII · Chapter 13

Chapter 13 of Dead Souls is here in full — 156 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Tientietnikov’s good horses covered the ten versts to the General’s house in a little over half an hour.
Descending from the koliaska with features attuned to deference, Chichikov inquired for the master of the house, and was at once ushered into his presence.
Bowing with head held respectfully on one side and hands extended like those of a waiter carrying a trayful of teacups, the visitor inclined his whole body forward, and said:
I have deemed it my duty to present myself to your Excellency.
I have deemed it my duty because in my heart I cherish a most profound respect for the valiant men who, on the field of battle, have proved the saviours of their country.”
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Dead Souls

Chapter XIII · Chapter 13

Chapter 13 of Dead Souls is here in full — 156 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Tientietnikov’s good horses covered the ten versts to the General’s house in a little over half an hour.
Line 2
Descending from the koliaska with features attuned to deference, Chichikov inquired for the master of the house, and was at once ushered into his presence.
Line 3
Bowing with head held respectfully on one side and hands extended like those of a waiter carrying a trayful of teacups, the visitor inclined his whole body forward, and said:
Line 4
I have deemed it my duty to present myself to your Excellency.
/aɪ hæv diːmd ɪt maɪ ˈduːti tuː ˈprezənt ˌmaɪˈself tuː jɔːr ˈekˈslensi/
Line 5
I have deemed it my duty because in my heart I cherish a most profound respect for the valiant men who, on the field of battle, have proved the saviours of their country.”

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

attuned verb US /əˈtuːnd/

past form of “attune” — adjust or accustom to; bring into harmony with

From this reading “Descending from the koliaska with features attuned to deference, Chichikov inquired for the master of the house, and was at once ushered into his presence.”

cherish verb US /ˈtʃerɪʃ/

be fond of; be attached to

From this reading “I have deemed it my duty because in my heart I cherish a most profound respect for the valiant men who, on the field of battle, have proved the saviours of their country.””

deference noun US /ˈdefərəns/

a courteous expression (by word or deed) of esteem or regard

From this reading “Descending from the koliaska with features attuned to deference, Chichikov inquired for the master of the house, and was at once ushered into his presence.”

Descending adjective US /dɪˈsendɪŋ/

coming down or downward

From this reading “Descending from the koliaska with features attuned to deference, Chichikov inquired for the master of the house, and was at once ushered into his presence.”

General's noun US /ˈdʒenərəlz/

possessive form of “general” — a general officer of the highest rank

respectfully adverb US /rɪˈspektfəli/

in a respectful manner

From this reading “Bowing with head held respectfully on one side and hands extended like those of a waiter carrying a trayful of teacups, the visitor inclined his whole body forward, and said:”

ushered verb US /ˈʌʃərd/

past form of “usher” — take (someone) to their seats, as in theaters or auditoriums

From this reading “Descending from the koliaska with features attuned to deference, Chichikov inquired for the master of the house, and was at once ushered into his presence.”

valiant adj US /ˈvæl.jənt/

Possessing or showing courage or determination; heroic. (Dũng cảm, quả cảm, anh hùng.)

From this reading “I have deemed it my duty because in my heart I cherish a most profound respect for the valiant men who, on the field of battle, have proved the saviours of their country.””

All words in this reading · 83

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Tientietnikov’s good horses covered the ten versts to the General’s house in a little over half an hour.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Tientietnikov’s good horses covered the ten versts to the General’s house in a little over half an hour.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Descending from the koliaska with features attuned to deference, Chichikov inquired for the master of the house, and was at once ushered into his presence.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Descending from the koliaska with features attuned to deference, Chichikov inquired for the master of the house, and was at once ushered into his presence.

attunedverbUS /əˈtuːnd/

past form of “attune” — adjust or accustom to; bring into harmony with

From this reading Descending from the koliaska with features attuned to deference, Chichikov inquired for the master of the house, and was at once ushered into his presence.

battlenounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading I have deemed it my duty because in my heart I cherish a most profound respect for the valiant men who, on the field of battle, have proved the saviours of their country.”

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading I have deemed it my duty because in my heart I cherish a most profound respect for the valiant men who, on the field of battle, have proved the saviours of their country.”

bodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading Bowing with head held respectfully on one side and hands extended like those of a waiter carrying a trayful of teacups, the visitor inclined his whole body forward, and said:

BowingnounUS /ˈboʊɪŋ/

bending the head or body or knee as a sign of reverence or submission or shame or greeting

From this reading Bowing with head held respectfully on one side and hands extended like those of a waiter carrying a trayful of teacups, the visitor inclined his whole body forward, and said:

carryingverbUS /ˈkæriɪŋ/

-ing form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading Bowing with head held respectfully on one side and hands extended like those of a waiter carrying a trayful of teacups, the visitor inclined his whole body forward, and said:

cherishverbUS /ˈtʃerɪʃ/

be fond of; be attached to

From this reading I have deemed it my duty because in my heart I cherish a most profound respect for the valiant men who, on the field of battle, have proved the saviours of their country.”

Chichikov

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Descending from the koliaska with features attuned to deference, Chichikov inquired for the master of the house, and was at once ushered into his presence.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading I have deemed it my duty because in my heart I cherish a most profound respect for the valiant men who, on the field of battle, have proved the saviours of their country.”

coveredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌvərd/

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading Tientietnikov’s good horses covered the ten versts to the General’s house in a little over half an hour.

deemedverbUS /diːmd/

past form of “deem” — keep in mind or convey as a conviction or view

From this reading “I have deemed it my duty to present myself to your Excellency.

deferencenounUS /ˈdefərəns/

a courteous expression (by word or deed) of esteem or regard

From this reading Descending from the koliaska with features attuned to deference, Chichikov inquired for the master of the house, and was at once ushered into his presence.

DescendingadjectiveUS /dɪˈsendɪŋ/

coming down or downward

From this reading Descending from the koliaska with features attuned to deference, Chichikov inquired for the master of the house, and was at once ushered into his presence.

dutynounUS /ˈduːti/

the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading “I have deemed it my duty to present myself to your Excellency.

ExcellencynounUS /ˈekˈslensi/

a title used to address dignitaries (such as ambassadors or governors); usually preceded by “Your” or “His” or “Her”

From this reading “I have deemed it my duty to present myself to your Excellency.

extendedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈstendəd/

relatively long in duration; tediously protracted

From this reading Bowing with head held respectfully on one side and hands extended like those of a waiter carrying a trayful of teacups, the visitor inclined his whole body forward, and said:

featuresnounUS /ˈfiːtʃərz/

plural of “feature” — a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading Descending from the koliaska with features attuned to deference, Chichikov inquired for the master of the house, and was at once ushered into his presence.

fieldnounUS /fiːld/

a piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed

From this reading I have deemed it my duty because in my heart I cherish a most profound respect for the valiant men who, on the field of battle, have proved the saviours of their country.”

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Descending from the koliaska with features attuned to deference, Chichikov inquired for the master of the house, and was at once ushered into his presence.

forwardadverbUS /ˈfɔːrwərd/

at or to or toward the front

From this reading Bowing with head held respectfully on one side and hands extended like those of a waiter carrying a trayful of teacups, the visitor inclined his whole body forward, and said:

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Descending from the koliaska with features attuned to deference, Chichikov inquired for the master of the house, and was at once ushered into his presence.

General'snounUS /ˈdʒenərəlz/

possessive form of “general” — a general officer of the highest rank

From this reading Tientietnikov’s good horses covered the ten versts to the General’s house in a little over half an hour.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading Tientietnikov’s good horses covered the ten versts to the General’s house in a little over half an hour.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading Tientietnikov’s good horses covered the ten versts to the General’s house in a little over half an hour.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading Bowing with head held respectfully on one side and hands extended like those of a waiter carrying a trayful of teacups, the visitor inclined his whole body forward, and said:

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “I have deemed it my duty to present myself to your Excellency.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading Bowing with head held respectfully on one side and hands extended like those of a waiter carrying a trayful of teacups, the visitor inclined his whole body forward, and said:

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading I have deemed it my duty because in my heart I cherish a most profound respect for the valiant men who, on the field of battle, have proved the saviours of their country.”

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading Bowing with head held respectfully on one side and hands extended like those of a waiter carrying a trayful of teacups, the visitor inclined his whole body forward, and said:

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Descending from the koliaska with features attuned to deference, Chichikov inquired for the master of the house, and was at once ushered into his presence.

horsesnounUS /ˈhɔːrsəz/

plural of “horse” — solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading Tientietnikov’s good horses covered the ten versts to the General’s house in a little over half an hour.

hournounUS /ˈaʊər/

a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day

From this reading Tientietnikov’s good horses covered the ten versts to the General’s house in a little over half an hour.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading Tientietnikov’s good horses covered the ten versts to the General’s house in a little over half an hour.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading “I have deemed it my duty to present myself to your Excellency.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Tientietnikov’s good horses covered the ten versts to the General’s house in a little over half an hour.

inclinedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈklaɪnd/

(often followed by “to”) having a preference, disposition, or tendency

From this reading Bowing with head held respectfully on one side and hands extended like those of a waiter carrying a trayful of teacups, the visitor inclined his whole body forward, and said:

inquiredverbUS /ˌɪnˈkwaɪərd/

past form of “inquire” — address a question to and expect an answer from

From this reading Descending from the koliaska with features attuned to deference, Chichikov inquired for the master of the house, and was at once ushered into his presence.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Descending from the koliaska with features attuned to deference, Chichikov inquired for the master of the house, and was at once ushered into his presence.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading “I have deemed it my duty to present myself to your Excellency.

koliaska

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Descending from the koliaska with features attuned to deference, Chichikov inquired for the master of the house, and was at once ushered into his presence.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Bowing with head held respectfully on one side and hands extended like those of a waiter carrying a trayful of teacups, the visitor inclined his whole body forward, and said:

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Tientietnikov’s good horses covered the ten versts to the General’s house in a little over half an hour.

masternounUS /ˈmæstər/

an artist of consummate skill

From this reading Descending from the koliaska with features attuned to deference, Chichikov inquired for the master of the house, and was at once ushered into his presence.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading I have deemed it my duty because in my heart I cherish a most profound respect for the valiant men who, on the field of battle, have proved the saviours of their country.”

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading I have deemed it my duty because in my heart I cherish a most profound respect for the valiant men who, on the field of battle, have proved the saviours of their country.”

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading “I have deemed it my duty to present myself to your Excellency.

myselfpronounUS /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

From this reading “I have deemed it my duty to present myself to your Excellency.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Descending from the koliaska with features attuned to deference, Chichikov inquired for the master of the house, and was at once ushered into his presence.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Bowing with head held respectfully on one side and hands extended like those of a waiter carrying a trayful of teacups, the visitor inclined his whole body forward, and said:

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading Descending from the koliaska with features attuned to deference, Chichikov inquired for the master of the house, and was at once ushered into his presence.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Bowing with head held respectfully on one side and hands extended like those of a waiter carrying a trayful of teacups, the visitor inclined his whole body forward, and said:

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Tientietnikov’s good horses covered the ten versts to the General’s house in a little over half an hour.

presencenounUS /ˈprezəns/

the state of being present; current existence

From this reading Descending from the koliaska with features attuned to deference, Chichikov inquired for the master of the house, and was at once ushered into his presence.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading “I have deemed it my duty to present myself to your Excellency.

profoundadjectiveUS /proʊˈfaʊnd/

showing intellectual penetration or emotional depth

From this reading I have deemed it my duty because in my heart I cherish a most profound respect for the valiant men who, on the field of battle, have proved the saviours of their country.”

provedadjectiveUS /pruːvd/

established beyond doubt

From this reading I have deemed it my duty because in my heart I cherish a most profound respect for the valiant men who, on the field of battle, have proved the saviours of their country.”

respectnounUS /rɪˈspekt/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading I have deemed it my duty because in my heart I cherish a most profound respect for the valiant men who, on the field of battle, have proved the saviours of their country.”

respectfullyadverbUS /rɪˈspektfəli/

in a respectful manner

From this reading Bowing with head held respectfully on one side and hands extended like those of a waiter carrying a trayful of teacups, the visitor inclined his whole body forward, and said:

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading Bowing with head held respectfully on one side and hands extended like those of a waiter carrying a trayful of teacups, the visitor inclined his whole body forward, and said:

saviours

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I have deemed it my duty because in my heart I cherish a most profound respect for the valiant men who, on the field of battle, have proved the saviours of their country.”

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Bowing with head held respectfully on one side and hands extended like those of a waiter carrying a trayful of teacups, the visitor inclined his whole body forward, and said:

teacups

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bowing with head held respectfully on one side and hands extended like those of a waiter carrying a trayful of teacups, the visitor inclined his whole body forward, and said:

tennounUS /ten/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system

From this reading Tientietnikov’s good horses covered the ten versts to the General’s house in a little over half an hour.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Tientietnikov’s good horses covered the ten versts to the General’s house in a little over half an hour.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading I have deemed it my duty because in my heart I cherish a most profound respect for the valiant men who, on the field of battle, have proved the saviours of their country.”

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Bowing with head held respectfully on one side and hands extended like those of a waiter carrying a trayful of teacups, the visitor inclined his whole body forward, and said:

Tientietnikov's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Tientietnikov’s good horses covered the ten versts to the General’s house in a little over half an hour.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Tientietnikov’s good horses covered the ten versts to the General’s house in a little over half an hour.

trayful

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bowing with head held respectfully on one side and hands extended like those of a waiter carrying a trayful of teacups, the visitor inclined his whole body forward, and said:

usheredverbUS /ˈʌʃərd/

past form of “usher” — take (someone) to their seats, as in theaters or auditoriums

From this reading Descending from the koliaska with features attuned to deference, Chichikov inquired for the master of the house, and was at once ushered into his presence.

valiantadjUS /ˈvæl.jənt/

Possessing or showing courage or determination; heroic. (Dũng cảm, quả cảm, anh hùng.)

From this reading I have deemed it my duty because in my heart I cherish a most profound respect for the valiant men who, on the field of battle, have proved the saviours of their country.”

versts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Tientietnikov’s good horses covered the ten versts to the General’s house in a little over half an hour.

visitornounUS /ˈvɪzɪtər/

someone who visits

From this reading Bowing with head held respectfully on one side and hands extended like those of a waiter carrying a trayful of teacups, the visitor inclined his whole body forward, and said:

waiternounUS /ˈweɪtər/

a person whose occupation is to serve at table (as in a restaurant)

From this reading Bowing with head held respectfully on one side and hands extended like those of a waiter carrying a trayful of teacups, the visitor inclined his whole body forward, and said:

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Descending from the koliaska with features attuned to deference, Chichikov inquired for the master of the house, and was at once ushered into his presence.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading I have deemed it my duty because in my heart I cherish a most profound respect for the valiant men who, on the field of battle, have proved the saviours of their country.”

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading Bowing with head held respectfully on one side and hands extended like those of a waiter carrying a trayful of teacups, the visitor inclined his whole body forward, and said:

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Descending from the koliaska with features attuned to deference, Chichikov inquired for the master of the house, and was at once ushered into his presence.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading “I have deemed it my duty to present myself to your Excellency.

Chapter 13 of Dead Souls by Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol holds 156 sentences, grouped into 32 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of Dead Souls contain?

Chapter 13 holds 156 sentences of Dead Souls, unabridged, divided into 32 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of Dead Souls by Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 156 sentences, grouped into 32 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of Dead Souls?

Work through the 32 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 32 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 13 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Dead Souls

Common questions about reading Dead Souls by Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Dead Souls?

Yes. All 6596 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1081 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Dead Souls is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1081, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Dead Souls take to read?

About 549 minutes of reading across 1320 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Dead Souls section by section

How to work through Dead Souls section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 15 chapters of Dead Souls to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Dead Souls

Words and structures a reader meets early in Dead Souls, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Provincial
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Dead Souls; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Smart
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Dead Souls; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Britchka--a
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Dead Souls; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Light
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Dead Souls; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.