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Debating for boys
Debating for boys

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of Debating for boys is here in full — 163 sentences across 33 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/32 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.
Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.
To enforce them, a chairman or moderator must be chosen.
He always speaks of himself as “the chair.”
All the proceedings of an organized assembly, whatever its purpose or composition, are founded upon the motion, which is really the form in which action is proposed.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Debating for boys

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of Debating for boys is here in full — 163 sentences across 33 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/32 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.
/ðer ˌpɑːrləˈmentəri prəˈsiːdʒər ˈnɑːlədʒ ʌv ˌpɑːrləˈmentəri lɔː ɪz æt sʌm taɪm ɔːr ˈʌðər ˈjuːsfəl tuː ˈɔːlmoʊst ˈevəri ˈmembər ʌv æn əˈmerəkən kəˈmjuːnəti jet fjuː ˈevər ɡet mɔːr ðæn ə kənˈfjuːzd ənd mɪˈsteɪkən aɪˈdiːə ʌv ɪts ˈprɪnsəpəlz/
Line 2
Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.
/ˈæbsəluːt ɪˈkwɑːləti ʌv raɪts ənd ˈprɪvlədʒəz əˈmʌŋ ðə ˈmembərz ʌv æn əˈsembli ðə raɪt tuː ə fʊl ənd friː dəˈbeɪt ʌv ˈevəri ˌprɑːpəˈzɪʃən ˈɔːfərd ðə ruːl ʌv ðə məˈdʒɔːrəti ənd ðə ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃən ʌv kənˌsɪdərˈeɪʃən tuː wʌn θɪŋ æt ə taɪm ɑːr ðə ˈkɑːrdənəl ˈprɪnsəpəlz əˈpɑːn wɪtʃ ðə ruːlz ʌv ˈɔːrdər rest/
Line 3
To enforce them, a chairman or moderator must be chosen.
/tuː enˈfɔːrs ðem ə ˈtʃermən ɔːr ˈmɑːdəreɪtər mʌst biː ˈtʃoʊzən/
Line 4
He always speaks of himself as “the chair.”
/hiː ˈɔːlweɪz spiːks ʌv hɪmˈself æz ðə tʃer/
Line 5
All the proceedings of an organized assembly, whatever its purpose or composition, are founded upon the motion, which is really the form in which action is proposed.
/ɔːl ðə proʊˈsiːdɪŋz ʌv æn ˈɔːrɡənaɪzd əˈsembli ˌwʌˈtevər ɪts ˈpɜːrpəs ɔːr ˌkɑːmpəˈzɪʃən ɑːr ˈfaʊndɪd əˈpɑːn ðə ˈmoʊʃən wɪtʃ ɪz ˈrɪli ðə fɔːrm ɪn wɪtʃ ˈækʃən ɪz prəˈpoʊzd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

enforce verb US /enˈfɔːrs/

ensure observance of laws and rules

From this reading “To enforce them, a chairman or moderator must be chosen.”

equality noun US /ɪˈkwɑːləti/

the quality of being the same in quantity or measure or value or status

From this reading “Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.”

limitation noun US /ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃən/

a principle that limits the extent of something

From this reading “Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.”

moderator noun US /ˈmɑːdəreɪtər/

any substance used to slow down neutrons in nuclear reactors

From this reading “To enforce them, a chairman or moderator must be chosen.”

organized adjective US /ˈɔːrɡənaɪzd/

formed into a structured or coherent whole, particularly on a large scale

From this reading “All the proceedings of an organized assembly, whatever its purpose or composition, are founded upon the motion, which is really the form in which action is proposed.”

parliamentary adjective US /ˌpɑːrləˈmentəri/

relating to or having the nature of a parliament

From this reading “THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.”

privileges noun US /ˈprɪvlədʒəz/

plural of “privilege” — a special advantage or immunity or benefit not enjoyed by all

From this reading “Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.”

procedure noun US /prəˈsiːdʒər/

a particular course of action intended to achieve a result

From this reading “THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

some time adjective + noun

In this reading “THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.”

mistaken idea adjective + noun

In this reading “THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.”

at a time preposition + article + noun counted as “at … time”

simultaneously

In this reading “Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.”

All words in this reading · 86

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

AbsoluteadjectiveUS /ˈæbsəluːt/

perfect or complete or pure

From this reading Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.

actionnounUS /ˈækʃən/

something done (usually as opposed to something said)

From this reading All the proceedings of an organized assembly, whatever its purpose or composition, are founded upon the motion, which is really the form in which action is proposed.

AlladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading All the proceedings of an organized assembly, whatever its purpose or composition, are founded upon the motion, which is really the form in which action is proposed.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading He always speaks of himself as “the chair.”

AmericannounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading He always speaks of himself as “the chair.”

assemblynounUS /əˈsembli/

a group of machine parts that fit together to form a self-contained unit

From this reading Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading To enforce them, a chairman or moderator must be chosen.

cardinalnounUS /ˈkɑːrdənəl/

(Roman Catholic Church) one of a group of more than 100 prominent bishops in the Sacred College who advise the Pope and elect new Popes

From this reading Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.

chairnounUS /tʃer/

a seat for one person, with a support for the back

From this reading He always speaks of himself as “the chair.”

chairmannounUS /ˈtʃermən/

the officer who presides at the meetings of an organization

From this reading To enforce them, a chairman or moderator must be chosen.

chosennounUS /ˈtʃoʊzən/

one who is the object of choice; who is given preference

From this reading To enforce them, a chairman or moderator must be chosen.

communitynounUS /kəˈmjuːnəti/

a group of people living in a particular local area

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

compositionnounUS /ˌkɑːmpəˈzɪʃən/

the spatial property resulting from the arrangement of parts in relation to each other and to the whole

From this reading All the proceedings of an organized assembly, whatever its purpose or composition, are founded upon the motion, which is really the form in which action is proposed.

confusedadjectiveUS /kənˈfjuːzd/

perplexed by many conflicting situations or statements; filled with bewilderment

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

considerationnounUS /kənˌsɪdərˈeɪʃən/

the process of giving careful thought to something

From this reading Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.

debateverbUS /dəˈbeɪt/

argue with one another

From this reading Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.

enforceverbUS /enˈfɔːrs/

ensure observance of laws and rules

From this reading To enforce them, a chairman or moderator must be chosen.

equalitynounUS /ɪˈkwɑːləti/

the quality of being the same in quantity or measure or value or status

From this reading Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading All the proceedings of an organized assembly, whatever its purpose or composition, are founded upon the motion, which is really the form in which action is proposed.

foundedverbUS /ˈfaʊndɪd/

past form of “found” — set up or found

From this reading All the proceedings of an organized assembly, whatever its purpose or composition, are founded upon the motion, which is really the form in which action is proposed.

freeverbUS /friː/

grant freedom to; free from confinement

From this reading Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.

getverbUS /ɡet/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He always speaks of himself as “the chair.”

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading He always speaks of himself as “the chair.”

ideanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading All the proceedings of an organized assembly, whatever its purpose or composition, are founded upon the motion, which is really the form in which action is proposed.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

KnowledgenounUS /ˈnɑːlədʒ/

the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

lawnounUS /lɔː/

the collection of rules imposed by authority

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

limitationnounUS /ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃən/

a principle that limits the extent of something

From this reading Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.

majoritynounUS /məˈdʒɔːrəti/

the property resulting from being or relating to the greater in number of two parts; the main part

From this reading Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.

membernounUS /ˈmembər/

one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

membersnounUS /ˈmembərz/

plural of “member” — one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)

From this reading Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.

mistakenadjectiveUS /mɪˈsteɪkən/

wrong in e.g. opinion or judgment

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

moderatornounUS /ˈmɑːdəreɪtər/

any substance used to slow down neutrons in nuclear reactors

From this reading To enforce them, a chairman or moderator must be chosen.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

motionnounUS /ˈmoʊʃən/

the use of movements (especially of the hands) to communicate familiar or prearranged signals

From this reading All the proceedings of an organized assembly, whatever its purpose or composition, are founded upon the motion, which is really the form in which action is proposed.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading To enforce them, a chairman or moderator must be chosen.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

offeredverbUS /ˈɔːfərd/

past form of “offer” — make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.

organizedadjectiveUS /ˈɔːrɡənaɪzd/

formed into a structured or coherent whole, particularly on a large scale

From this reading All the proceedings of an organized assembly, whatever its purpose or composition, are founded upon the motion, which is really the form in which action is proposed.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

PARLIAMENTARYadjectiveUS /ˌpɑːrləˈmentəri/

relating to or having the nature of a parliament

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

principlesnounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəlz/

plural of “principle” — a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

privilegesnounUS /ˈprɪvlədʒəz/

plural of “privilege” — a special advantage or immunity or benefit not enjoyed by all

From this reading Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.

PROCEDUREnounUS /prəˈsiːdʒər/

a particular course of action intended to achieve a result

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

proceedingsnounUS /proʊˈsiːdɪŋz/

(law) the institution of a sequence of steps by which legal judgments are invoked

From this reading All the proceedings of an organized assembly, whatever its purpose or composition, are founded upon the motion, which is really the form in which action is proposed.

proposedverbUS /prəˈpoʊzd/

past form of “propose” — make a proposal, declare a plan for something

From this reading All the proceedings of an organized assembly, whatever its purpose or composition, are founded upon the motion, which is really the form in which action is proposed.

propositionnounUS /ˌprɑːpəˈzɪʃən/

(logic) a statement that affirms or denies something and is either true or false

From this reading Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.

purposenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəs/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading All the proceedings of an organized assembly, whatever its purpose or composition, are founded upon the motion, which is really the form in which action is proposed.

reallyadverbUS /ˈrɪli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading All the proceedings of an organized assembly, whatever its purpose or composition, are founded upon the motion, which is really the form in which action is proposed.

restverbUS /rest/

not move; be in a resting position

From this reading Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.

rightsnounUS /raɪts/

plural of “right” — an abstract idea of that which is due to a person or governmental body by law or tradition or nature

From this reading Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.

rulenounUS /ruːl/

a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

From this reading Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.

rulesnounUS /ruːlz/

plural of “rule” — a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

From this reading Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

speaksverbUS /spiːks/

third-person singular of “speak” — express in speech

From this reading He always speaks of himself as “the chair.”

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.

THEIRdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading To enforce them, a chairman or moderator must be chosen.

thingnounUS /θɪŋ/

a special situation

From this reading Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.

usefuladjectiveUS /ˈjuːsfəl/

being of use or service

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

whateverdeterminerUS /ˌwʌˈtevər/

any or all of a kind, it does not matter which

From this reading All the proceedings of an organized assembly, whatever its purpose or composition, are founded upon the motion, which is really the form in which action is proposed.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Absolute equality of rights and privileges among the members of an assembly, the right to a full and free debate of every proposition offered, the rule of the majority, and the limitation of consideration to one thing at a time, are the cardinal principles upon which the rules of order rest.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading THEIR PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Knowledge of parliamentary law is, at some time or other, useful to almost every member of an American community, yet few ever get more than a confused and mistaken idea of its principles.

Chapter 13 of Debating for boys by William Horton Foster holds 163 sentences, grouped into 33 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of Debating for boys contain?

Chapter 13 holds 163 sentences of Debating for boys, unabridged, divided into 33 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of Debating for boys by William Horton Foster exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 163 sentences, grouped into 33 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of Debating for boys?

Work through the 33 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 33 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 13 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Debating for boys

Common questions about reading Debating for boys by William Horton Foster on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Debating for boys?

Yes. All 1995 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #70568 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Debating for boys is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #70568, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Debating for boys take to read?

About 166 minutes of reading across 399 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Debating for boys section by section

How to work through Debating for boys section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in Debating for boys

Words and structures a reader meets early in Debating for boys, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Electrotyped
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Debating for boys; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Published
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Debating for boys; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
August
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Debating for boys; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Judge
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Debating for boys; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.