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Desert Conquest
Desert Conquest

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of Desert Conquest is here in full — 221 sentences across 45 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/44 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A week sufficed to put the ranchers' ditches and dams in condition to take care of water; but at the end of that time there was little water to take care of.
It was being diverted into the company's ditch system.
Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.
There was none for the main crops in the fields.
Naturally the crops suffered, the grain most of all.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Desert Conquest

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of Desert Conquest is here in full — 221 sentences across 45 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/44 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A week sufficed to put the ranchers' ditches and dams in condition to take care of water; but at the end of that time there was little water to take care of.
/ə wiːk səˈfaɪst tuː pʊt ðə ˈræntʃərz ˈdɪtʃəz ənd dæmz ɪn kənˈdɪʃən tuː teɪk ker ʌv ˈwɔːtər bʌt æt ðə end ʌv ðæt taɪm ðer wɑːz ˈlɪtəl ˈwɔːtər tuː teɪk ker ʌv/
Line 2
It was being diverted into the company's ditch system.
/ɪt wɑːz ˈbiːɪŋ daɪˈvɜːrtɪd ˈɪntuː ðə ˈkʌmpəniz dɪtʃ ˈsɪstəm/
Line 3
Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.
Line 4
There was none for the main crops in the fields.
/ðer wɑːz nʌn fɔːr ðə meɪn krɑːps ɪn ðə fiːldz/
Line 5
Naturally the crops suffered, the grain most of all.
/ˈnætʃərəli ðə krɑːps ˈsʌfərd ðə ɡreɪn moʊst ʌv ɔːl/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

company's noun US /ˈkʌmpəniz/

possessive form of “company” — an institution created to conduct business

From this reading “It was being diverted into the company's ditch system.”

cultivation noun US /ˌkʌltɪˈveɪʃən/

socialization through training and education to develop one's mind or manners

From this reading “Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.”

dams noun US /dæmz/

plural of “dam” — a barrier constructed to contain the flow of water or to keep out the sea

From this reading “A week sufficed to put the ranchers' ditches and dams in condition to take care of water; but at the end of that time there was little water to take care of.”

ditches noun US /ˈdɪtʃəz/

plural of “ditch” — a long narrow excavation in the earth

From this reading “A week sufficed to put the ranchers' ditches and dams in condition to take care of water; but at the end of that time there was little water to take care of.”

diverted adjective US /daɪˈvɜːrtɪd/

pleasantly occupied

From this reading “It was being diverted into the company's ditch system.”

emptying noun US /ˈemptiɪŋ/

the act of removing the contents of something

From this reading “Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.”

ranchers noun US /ˈræntʃərz/

plural of “rancher” — a person who owns or operates a ranch

From this reading “A week sufficed to put the ranchers' ditches and dams in condition to take care of water; but at the end of that time there was little water to take care of.”

sufficed verb US /səˈfaɪst/

past form of “suffice” — be sufficient; be adequate, either in quality or quantity

From this reading “A week sufficed to put the ranchers' ditches and dams in condition to take care of water; but at the end of that time there was little water to take care of.”

All words in this reading · 69

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A week sufficed to put the ranchers' ditches and dams in condition to take care of water; but at the end of that time there was little water to take care of.

actualadjectiveUS /ˈæktʃəwəl/

presently existing in fact and not merely potential or possible

From this reading Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Naturally the crops suffered, the grain most of all.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A week sufficed to put the ranchers' ditches and dams in condition to take care of water; but at the end of that time there was little water to take care of.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading A week sufficed to put the ranchers' ditches and dams in condition to take care of water; but at the end of that time there was little water to take care of.

barelyadverbUS /ˈberli/

only a very short time before

From this reading Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading It was being diverted into the company's ditch system.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading A week sufficed to put the ranchers' ditches and dams in condition to take care of water; but at the end of that time there was little water to take care of.

carenounUS /ker/

the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something

From this reading A week sufficed to put the ranchers' ditches and dams in condition to take care of water; but at the end of that time there was little water to take care of.

company'snounUS /ˈkʌmpəniz/

possessive form of “company” — an institution created to conduct business

From this reading It was being diverted into the company's ditch system.

conditionnounUS /kənˈdɪʃən/

a state at a particular time

From this reading A week sufficed to put the ranchers' ditches and dams in condition to take care of water; but at the end of that time there was little water to take care of.

cropsnounUS /krɑːps/

plural of “crop” — the yield from plants in a single growing season

From this reading There was none for the main crops in the fields.

cultivationnounUS /ˌkʌltɪˈveɪʃən/

socialization through training and education to develop one's mind or manners

From this reading Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.

damsnounUS /dæmz/

plural of “dam” — a barrier constructed to contain the flow of water or to keep out the sea

From this reading A week sufficed to put the ranchers' ditches and dams in condition to take care of water; but at the end of that time there was little water to take care of.

ditchnounUS /dɪtʃ/

a long narrow excavation in the earth

From this reading It was being diverted into the company's ditch system.

ditchesnounUS /ˈdɪtʃəz/

plural of “ditch” — a long narrow excavation in the earth

From this reading A week sufficed to put the ranchers' ditches and dams in condition to take care of water; but at the end of that time there was little water to take care of.

divertedadjectiveUS /daɪˈvɜːrtɪd/

pleasantly occupied

From this reading It was being diverted into the company's ditch system.

domesticadjectiveUS /dəˈmestɪk/

of concern to or concerning the internal affairs of a nation

From this reading Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.

emptyingnounUS /ˈemptiɪŋ/

the act of removing the contents of something

From this reading Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading A week sufficed to put the ranchers' ditches and dams in condition to take care of water; but at the end of that time there was little water to take care of.

farmersnounUS /ˈfɑːrmərz/

plural of “farmer” — a person who operates a farm

From this reading Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.

fieldsnounUS /fiːldz/

United States comedian and film actor (1880-1946)

From this reading There was none for the main crops in the fields.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.

gardensnounUS /ˈɡɑːrdənz/

plural of “garden” — a plot of ground where plants are cultivated

From this reading Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.

grainnounUS /ɡreɪn/

a relatively small granular particle of a substance

From this reading Naturally the crops suffered, the grain most of all.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A week sufficed to put the ranchers' ditches and dams in condition to take care of water; but at the end of that time there was little water to take care of.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading It was being diverted into the company's ditch system.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was being diverted into the company's ditch system.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.

landsnounUS /lændz/

plural of “land” — the land on which real estate is located

From this reading Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading A week sufficed to put the ranchers' ditches and dams in condition to take care of water; but at the end of that time there was little water to take care of.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.

mainadjectiveUS /meɪn/

most important element

From this reading There was none for the main crops in the fields.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.

NaturallyadverbUS /ˈnætʃərəli/

as might be expected

From this reading Naturally the crops suffered, the grain most of all.

neededadjectiveUS /ˈniːdəd/

necessary for relief or supply

From this reading Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.

nonepronounUS /nʌn/

not one, and not any

From this reading There was none for the main crops in the fields.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A week sufficed to put the ranchers' ditches and dams in condition to take care of water; but at the end of that time there was little water to take care of.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.

pretencenoun

a false or unsupportable quality

From this reading Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.

purposesnounUS /ˈpɜːrpəsəz/

plural of “purpose” — an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading A week sufficed to put the ranchers' ditches and dams in condition to take care of water; but at the end of that time there was little water to take care of.

ranchersnounUS /ˈræntʃərz/

plural of “rancher” — a person who owns or operates a ranch

From this reading A week sufficed to put the ranchers' ditches and dams in condition to take care of water; but at the end of that time there was little water to take care of.

runningadjectiveUS /ˈrʌnɪŋ/

(of fluids) moving or issuing in a stream

From this reading Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.

scarcelyadverbUS /ˈskersli/

only a very short time before

From this reading Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.

stocknounUS /stɑːk/

the capital raised by a corporation through the issue of shares entitling holders to an ownership interest

From this reading Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.

sufferedverbUS /ˈsʌfərd/

past form of “suffer” — undergo or be subjected to

From this reading Naturally the crops suffered, the grain most of all.

sufficedverbUS /səˈfaɪst/

past form of “suffice” — be sufficient; be adequate, either in quality or quantity

From this reading A week sufficed to put the ranchers' ditches and dams in condition to take care of water; but at the end of that time there was little water to take care of.

sufficientadjectiveUS /səˈfɪʃənt/

of a quantity that can fulfill a need or requirement but without being abundant

From this reading Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.

systemnounUS /ˈsɪstəm/

instrumentality that combines interrelated interacting artifacts designed to work as a coherent entity

From this reading It was being diverted into the company's ditch system.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading A week sufficed to put the ranchers' ditches and dams in condition to take care of water; but at the end of that time there was little water to take care of.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading A week sufficed to put the ranchers' ditches and dams in condition to take care of water; but at the end of that time there was little water to take care of.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A week sufficed to put the ranchers' ditches and dams in condition to take care of water; but at the end of that time there was little water to take care of.

TheirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading A week sufficed to put the ranchers' ditches and dams in condition to take care of water; but at the end of that time there was little water to take care of.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading A week sufficed to put the ranchers' ditches and dams in condition to take care of water; but at the end of that time there was little water to take care of.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading A week sufficed to put the ranchers' ditches and dams in condition to take care of water; but at the end of that time there was little water to take care of.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A week sufficed to put the ranchers' ditches and dams in condition to take care of water; but at the end of that time there was little water to take care of.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading A week sufficed to put the ranchers' ditches and dams in condition to take care of water; but at the end of that time there was little water to take care of.

weeknounUS /wiːk/

any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading A week sufficed to put the ranchers' ditches and dams in condition to take care of water; but at the end of that time there was little water to take care of.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading Their ditches were running full, emptying upon lands on which scarcely a pretence of cultivation was being made, while the actual farmers, just when they needed it most, had barely sufficient water for their domestic purposes, for stock, and for their small gardens.

Chapter 21 of Desert Conquest by A. M. (Arthur Murray) Chisholm holds 221 sentences, grouped into 45 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 21 of Desert Conquest contain?

Chapter 21 holds 221 sentences of Desert Conquest, unabridged, divided into 45 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 21 of Desert Conquest by A. M. (Arthur Murray) Chisholm exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 221 sentences, grouped into 45 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 21 of Desert Conquest?

Work through the 45 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 45 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 21 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 21 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Desert Conquest

Common questions about reading Desert Conquest by A. M. (Arthur Murray) Chisholm on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Desert Conquest?

Yes. All 8923 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #25728 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Desert Conquest is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #25728, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Desert Conquest take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1785 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Desert Conquest section by section

How to work through Desert Conquest section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Desert Conquest

Words and structures a reader meets early in Desert Conquest, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Flattened
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Desert Conquest; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Against
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Desert Conquest; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Pullman
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Desert Conquest; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Window
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Desert Conquest; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.