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A Study in Scarlet
A Study in Scarlet

Chapter VIII · On the Great Alkali Plain

In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilisation.

A Study in Scarlet, Chapter 8, reading 1: In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier a
Context Illustration Reading 1/46 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilisation.
From the Sierra Nevada to Nebraska, and from the Yellowstone River in the north to the Colorado upon the south, is a region of desolation and silence.
Nor is Nature always in one mood throughout this grim district.
It comprises snow-capped and lofty mountains, and dark and gloomy valleys.
There are swift-flowing rivers which dash through jagged cañons; and there are enormous plains, which in winter are white with snow, and in summer are grey with the saline alkali dust.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

A Study in Scarlet

Chapter VIII · On the Great Alkali Plain

Reading 1/46 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilisation.
Line 2
From the Sierra Nevada to Nebraska, and from the Yellowstone River in the north to the Colorado upon the south, is a region of desolation and silence.
Line 3
Nor is Nature always in one mood throughout this grim district.
Line 4
It comprises snow-capped and lofty mountains, and dark and gloomy valleys.
Line 5
There are swift-flowing rivers which dash through jagged cañons; and there are enormous plains, which in winter are white with snow, and in summer are grey with the saline alkali dust.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

portion noun US /ˈpɔːrʃən/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading “In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilisation.”

Collocations
In theA source-grounded phrase from this reading.
the centralA source-grounded phrase from this reading.
All words in this reading · 77

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilisation.

advance

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilisation.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilisation.

alkali

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There are swift-flowing rivers which dash through jagged cañons; and there are enormous plains, which in winter are white with snow, and in summer are grey with the saline alkali dust.

always

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Nor is Nature always in one mood throughout this grim district.

American

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilisation.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilisation.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilisation.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading There are swift-flowing rivers which dash through jagged cañons; and there are enormous plains, which in winter are white with snow, and in summer are grey with the saline alkali dust.

arid

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilisation.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilisation.

barrier

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilisation.

cañons

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There are swift-flowing rivers which dash through jagged cañons; and there are enormous plains, which in winter are white with snow, and in summer are grey with the saline alkali dust.

central

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilisation.

civilisation

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilisation.

Colorado

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From the Sierra Nevada to Nebraska, and from the Yellowstone River in the north to the Colorado upon the south, is a region of desolation and silence.

comprises

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It comprises snow-capped and lofty mountains, and dark and gloomy valleys.

Continent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilisation.

dark

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It comprises snow-capped and lofty mountains, and dark and gloomy valleys.

dash

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There are swift-flowing rivers which dash through jagged cañons; and there are enormous plains, which in winter are white with snow, and in summer are grey with the saline alkali dust.

desert

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilisation.

desolation

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From the Sierra Nevada to Nebraska, and from the Yellowstone River in the north to the Colorado upon the south, is a region of desolation and silence.

district

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Nor is Nature always in one mood throughout this grim district.

dust

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There are swift-flowing rivers which dash through jagged cañons; and there are enormous plains, which in winter are white with snow, and in summer are grey with the saline alkali dust.

enormous

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There are swift-flowing rivers which dash through jagged cañons; and there are enormous plains, which in winter are white with snow, and in summer are grey with the saline alkali dust.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilisation.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading From the Sierra Nevada to Nebraska, and from the Yellowstone River in the north to the Colorado upon the south, is a region of desolation and silence.

gloomy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It comprises snow-capped and lofty mountains, and dark and gloomy valleys.

greatnounUS /great/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilisation.

grey

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There are swift-flowing rivers which dash through jagged cañons; and there are enormous plains, which in winter are white with snow, and in summer are grey with the saline alkali dust.

grim

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Nor is Nature always in one mood throughout this grim district.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilisation.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading From the Sierra Nevada to Nebraska, and from the Yellowstone River in the north to the Colorado upon the south, is a region of desolation and silence.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It comprises snow-capped and lofty mountains, and dark and gloomy valleys.

jagged

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There are swift-flowing rivers which dash through jagged cañons; and there are enormous plains, which in winter are white with snow, and in summer are grey with the saline alkali dust.

lies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilisation.

lofty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It comprises snow-capped and lofty mountains, and dark and gloomy valleys.

longnounUS /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilisation.

many

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilisation.

mood

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Nor is Nature always in one mood throughout this grim district.

mountains

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It comprises snow-capped and lofty mountains, and dark and gloomy valleys.

Nature

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Nor is Nature always in one mood throughout this grim district.

Nebraska

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From the Sierra Nevada to Nebraska, and from the Yellowstone River in the north to the Colorado upon the south, is a region of desolation and silence.

Nevada

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From the Sierra Nevada to Nebraska, and from the Yellowstone River in the north to the Colorado upon the south, is a region of desolation and silence.

NorconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading Nor is Nature always in one mood throughout this grim district.

North

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilisation.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilisation.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Nor is Nature always in one mood throughout this grim district.

plains

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There are swift-flowing rivers which dash through jagged cañons; and there are enormous plains, which in winter are white with snow, and in summer are grey with the saline alkali dust.

portionnounUS /ˈpɔːrʃən/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilisation.

region

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From the Sierra Nevada to Nebraska, and from the Yellowstone River in the north to the Colorado upon the south, is a region of desolation and silence.

repulsive

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilisation.

River

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From the Sierra Nevada to Nebraska, and from the Yellowstone River in the north to the Colorado upon the south, is a region of desolation and silence.

rivers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There are swift-flowing rivers which dash through jagged cañons; and there are enormous plains, which in winter are white with snow, and in summer are grey with the saline alkali dust.

saline

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There are swift-flowing rivers which dash through jagged cañons; and there are enormous plains, which in winter are white with snow, and in summer are grey with the saline alkali dust.

served

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilisation.

Sierra

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From the Sierra Nevada to Nebraska, and from the Yellowstone River in the north to the Colorado upon the south, is a region of desolation and silence.

silencenounUS /ˈsaɪ.ləns/

Complete absence of sound; a state of quietness and stillness.

From this reading From the Sierra Nevada to Nebraska, and from the Yellowstone River in the north to the Colorado upon the south, is a region of desolation and silence.

snow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There are swift-flowing rivers which dash through jagged cañons; and there are enormous plains, which in winter are white with snow, and in summer are grey with the saline alkali dust.

snow-capped

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It comprises snow-capped and lofty mountains, and dark and gloomy valleys.

south

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From the Sierra Nevada to Nebraska, and from the Yellowstone River in the north to the Colorado upon the south, is a region of desolation and silence.

summer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There are swift-flowing rivers which dash through jagged cañons; and there are enormous plains, which in winter are white with snow, and in summer are grey with the saline alkali dust.

swift-flowing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There are swift-flowing rivers which dash through jagged cañons; and there are enormous plains, which in winter are white with snow, and in summer are grey with the saline alkali dust.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilisation.

there

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilisation.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Nor is Nature always in one mood throughout this grim district.

throughnounUS /ˈthrough/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading There are swift-flowing rivers which dash through jagged cañons; and there are enormous plains, which in winter are white with snow, and in summer are grey with the saline alkali dust.

throughoutprepositionUS /θruːˈaʊt/

in every part of a place, or for the whole of a period

From this reading Nor is Nature always in one mood throughout this grim district.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading From the Sierra Nevada to Nebraska, and from the Yellowstone River in the north to the Colorado upon the south, is a region of desolation and silence.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading From the Sierra Nevada to Nebraska, and from the Yellowstone River in the north to the Colorado upon the south, is a region of desolation and silence.

valleys

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It comprises snow-capped and lofty mountains, and dark and gloomy valleys.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilisation.

white

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There are swift-flowing rivers which dash through jagged cañons; and there are enormous plains, which in winter are white with snow, and in summer are grey with the saline alkali dust.

winter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There are swift-flowing rivers which dash through jagged cañons; and there are enormous plains, which in winter are white with snow, and in summer are grey with the saline alkali dust.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading There are swift-flowing rivers which dash through jagged cañons; and there are enormous plains, which in winter are white with snow, and in summer are grey with the saline alkali dust.

year

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert, which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilisation.

Yellowstone

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From the Sierra Nevada to Nebraska, and from the Yellowstone River in the north to the Colorado upon the south, is a region of desolation and silence.

Chapter Quiz

What is the central narrative or theme conveyed in this section of Chapter 08: On the Great Alkali Plain?

Which core linguistic virtue or character attribute is emphasized in this passage?

According to the text: "CHAPTER I....", what tone does the author establish?

Shadowing Practice

Narrator: CHAPTER I.
Narrator: little prattling child and the reckless, hardened adventurer.