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Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry
Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry is here in full — 111 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.
Pompey, Crassus, and Cæsar had found the sweets of arbitrary power, and each being a check to the other’s growth, struck up a false friendship amongst themselves and divided the government betwixt them, which none of them was able to assume alone.
These were the public-spirited men of their agethat is, patriots for their own interest.
The commonwealth looked with a florid countenance in their management; spread in bulk, and all the while was wasting in the vitals.
Not to trouble your lordship with the repetition of what you know, after the death of Crassus Pompey found himself outwitted by Cæsar, broke with him, overpowered him in the senate, and caused many unjust decrees to pass against him.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry is here in full — 111 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/22 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.
Line 2
Pompey, Crassus, and Cæsar had found the sweets of arbitrary power, and each being a check to the other’s growth, struck up a false friendship amongst themselves and divided the government betwixt them, which none of them was able to assume alone.
Line 3
These were the public-spirited men of their agethat is, patriots for their own interest.
Line 4
The commonwealth looked with a florid countenance in their management; spread in bulk, and all the while was wasting in the vitals.
Line 5
Not to trouble your lordship with the repetition of what you know, after the death of Crassus Pompey found himself outwitted by Cæsar, broke with him, overpowered him in the senate, and caused many unjust decrees to pass against him.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

arbitrary adjective US /ˈɑːrbətreri/

based on or subject to individual discretion or preference or sometimes impulse or caprice

From this reading “Pompey, Crassus, and Cæsar had found the sweets of arbitrary power, and each being a check to the other’s growth, struck up a false friendship amongst themselves and divided the government betwixt them, which none of them was able to assume alone.”

commonwealth noun US /ˈkɑːmənwelθ/

the official name of some states in the United States (Massachusetts and Pennsylvania and Virginia and Kentucky) and associated territories (Puerto Rico)

From this reading “After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.”

decrees noun US /dɪˈkriːz/

plural of “decree” — a legally binding command or decision entered on the court record (as if issued by a court or judge)

From this reading “Not to trouble your lordship with the repetition of what you know, after the death of Crassus Pompey found himself outwitted by Cæsar, broke with him, overpowered him in the senate, and caused many unjust decrees to pass against him.”

florid adjective US /ˈflɔːrəd/

elaborately or excessively ornamented

From this reading “The commonwealth looked with a florid countenance in their management; spread in bulk, and all the while was wasting in the vitals.”

outwitted verb US /ˈaʊtwɪtɪd/

inflected form of “outwit” — beat through cleverness and wit

From this reading “Not to trouble your lordship with the repetition of what you know, after the death of Crassus Pompey found himself outwitted by Cæsar, broke with him, overpowered him in the senate, and caused many unjust decrees to pass against him.”

patriots noun US /ˈpeɪtriəts/

plural of “patriot” — one who loves and defends his or her country

From this reading “These were the public-spirited men of their age—that is, patriots for their own interest.”

Pompey noun US /ˈpɑːmpi/

Roman general and statesman who quarrelled with Caesar and fled to Egypt where he was murdered (106-48 BC)

From this reading “Pompey, Crassus, and Cæsar had found the sweets of arbitrary power, and each being a check to the other’s growth, struck up a false friendship amongst themselves and divided the government betwixt them, which none of them was able to assume alone.”

public-spirited adjective US /ˈpʌblɪkˈspɪrɪtɪd/

showing unselfish interest in the public welfare

From this reading “These were the public-spirited men of their age—that is, patriots for their own interest.”

All words in this reading · 98

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.

ableadjectiveUS /ˈeɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) having the necessary means or skill or know-how or authority to do something

From this reading Pompey, Crassus, and Cæsar had found the sweets of arbitrary power, and each being a check to the other’s growth, struck up a false friendship amongst themselves and divided the government betwixt them, which none of them was able to assume alone.

AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Not to trouble your lordship with the repetition of what you know, after the death of Crassus Pompey found himself outwitted by Cæsar, broke with him, overpowered him in the senate, and caused many unjust decrees to pass against him.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading These were the public-spirited men of their age—that is, patriots for their own interest.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading Pompey, Crassus, and Cæsar had found the sweets of arbitrary power, and each being a check to the other’s growth, struck up a false friendship amongst themselves and divided the government betwixt them, which none of them was able to assume alone.

amongstprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋst/

surrounded by; in the company of

From this reading Pompey, Crassus, and Cæsar had found the sweets of arbitrary power, and each being a check to the other’s growth, struck up a false friendship amongst themselves and divided the government betwixt them, which none of them was able to assume alone.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.

arbitraryadjectiveUS /ˈɑːrbətreri/

based on or subject to individual discretion or preference or sometimes impulse or caprice

From this reading Pompey, Crassus, and Cæsar had found the sweets of arbitrary power, and each being a check to the other’s growth, struck up a false friendship amongst themselves and divided the government betwixt them, which none of them was able to assume alone.

assumeverbUS /əˈsuːm/

take to be the case or to be true; accept without verification or proof

From this reading Pompey, Crassus, and Cæsar had found the sweets of arbitrary power, and each being a check to the other’s growth, struck up a false friendship amongst themselves and divided the government betwixt them, which none of them was able to assume alone.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Pompey, Crassus, and Cæsar had found the sweets of arbitrary power, and each being a check to the other’s growth, struck up a false friendship amongst themselves and divided the government betwixt them, which none of them was able to assume alone.

betwixtprepositionUS /biˈtwɪkst/

an old word for “between”

From this reading Pompey, Crassus, and Cæsar had found the sweets of arbitrary power, and each being a check to the other’s growth, struck up a false friendship amongst themselves and divided the government betwixt them, which none of them was able to assume alone.

brokeadjectiveUS /broʊk/

lacking funds

From this reading Not to trouble your lordship with the repetition of what you know, after the death of Crassus Pompey found himself outwitted by Cæsar, broke with him, overpowered him in the senate, and caused many unjust decrees to pass against him.

bulknounUS /bʌlk/

the property resulting from being or relating to the greater in number of two parts; the main part

From this reading The commonwealth looked with a florid countenance in their management; spread in bulk, and all the while was wasting in the vitals.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Not to trouble your lordship with the repetition of what you know, after the death of Crassus Pompey found himself outwitted by Cæsar, broke with him, overpowered him in the senate, and caused many unjust decrees to pass against him.

causedverbUS /kɑːzd/

past form of “cause” — give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally

From this reading Not to trouble your lordship with the repetition of what you know, after the death of Crassus Pompey found himself outwitted by Cæsar, broke with him, overpowered him in the senate, and caused many unjust decrees to pass against him.

checkverbUS /tʃek/

examine so as to determine accuracy, quality, or condition

From this reading Pompey, Crassus, and Cæsar had found the sweets of arbitrary power, and each being a check to the other’s growth, struck up a false friendship amongst themselves and divided the government betwixt them, which none of them was able to assume alone.

commonwealthnounUS /ˈkɑːmənwelθ/

the official name of some states in the United States (Massachusetts and Pennsylvania and Virginia and Kentucky) and associated territories (Puerto Rico)

From this reading After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.

consumptionnounUS /kənˈsʌmpʃən/

the process of taking food into the body through the mouth (as by eating)

From this reading After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.

countenancenounUS /ˈkaʊntənəns/

the appearance conveyed by a person's face

From this reading The commonwealth looked with a florid countenance in their management; spread in bulk, and all the while was wasting in the vitals.

Crassus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Pompey, Crassus, and Cæsar had found the sweets of arbitrary power, and each being a check to the other’s growth, struck up a false friendship amongst themselves and divided the government betwixt them, which none of them was able to assume alone.

Cæsar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Pompey, Crassus, and Cæsar had found the sweets of arbitrary power, and each being a check to the other’s growth, struck up a false friendship amongst themselves and divided the government betwixt them, which none of them was able to assume alone.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.

decreesnounUS /dɪˈkriːz/

plural of “decree” — a legally binding command or decision entered on the court record (as if issued by a court or judge)

From this reading Not to trouble your lordship with the repetition of what you know, after the death of Crassus Pompey found himself outwitted by Cæsar, broke with him, overpowered him in the senate, and caused many unjust decrees to pass against him.

deepadjectiveUS /diːp/

relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.

diseasenounUS /dɪˈziːz/

an impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning

From this reading After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.

dividedadjectiveUS /dɪˈvaɪdɪd/

separated into parts or pieces

From this reading Pompey, Crassus, and Cæsar had found the sweets of arbitrary power, and each being a check to the other’s growth, struck up a false friendship amongst themselves and divided the government betwixt them, which none of them was able to assume alone.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading Pompey, Crassus, and Cæsar had found the sweets of arbitrary power, and each being a check to the other’s growth, struck up a false friendship amongst themselves and divided the government betwixt them, which none of them was able to assume alone.

falseadjectiveUS /fɔːls/

not in accordance with the fact or reality or actuality

From this reading Pompey, Crassus, and Cæsar had found the sweets of arbitrary power, and each being a check to the other’s growth, struck up a false friendship amongst themselves and divided the government betwixt them, which none of them was able to assume alone.

flatteringadjectiveUS /ˈflætərɪŋ/

showing or representing to advantage

From this reading After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.

floridadjectiveUS /ˈflɔːrəd/

elaborately or excessively ornamented

From this reading The commonwealth looked with a florid countenance in their management; spread in bulk, and all the while was wasting in the vitals.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading Pompey, Crassus, and Cæsar had found the sweets of arbitrary power, and each being a check to the other’s growth, struck up a false friendship amongst themselves and divided the government betwixt them, which none of them was able to assume alone.

friendshipnounUS /ˈfrendʃɪp/

the state of being friends (or friendly)

From this reading Pompey, Crassus, and Cæsar had found the sweets of arbitrary power, and each being a check to the other’s growth, struck up a false friendship amongst themselves and divided the government betwixt them, which none of them was able to assume alone.

governmentnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənt/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading Pompey, Crassus, and Cæsar had found the sweets of arbitrary power, and each being a check to the other’s growth, struck up a false friendship amongst themselves and divided the government betwixt them, which none of them was able to assume alone.

growthnounUS /ɡroʊθ/

(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level

From this reading Pompey, Crassus, and Cæsar had found the sweets of arbitrary power, and each being a check to the other’s growth, struck up a false friendship amongst themselves and divided the government betwixt them, which none of them was able to assume alone.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Pompey, Crassus, and Cæsar had found the sweets of arbitrary power, and each being a check to the other’s growth, struck up a false friendship amongst themselves and divided the government betwixt them, which none of them was able to assume alone.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Not to trouble your lordship with the repetition of what you know, after the death of Crassus Pompey found himself outwitted by Cæsar, broke with him, overpowered him in the senate, and caused many unjust decrees to pass against him.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Not to trouble your lordship with the repetition of what you know, after the death of Crassus Pompey found himself outwitted by Cæsar, broke with him, overpowered him in the senate, and caused many unjust decrees to pass against him.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.

interestnounUS /ˈɪntrəst/

a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading These were the public-spirited men of their age—that is, patriots for their own interest.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading Not to trouble your lordship with the repetition of what you know, after the death of Crassus Pompey found himself outwitted by Cæsar, broke with him, overpowered him in the senate, and caused many unjust decrees to pass against him.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading The commonwealth looked with a florid countenance in their management; spread in bulk, and all the while was wasting in the vitals.

lordshipnounUS /ˈlɔːrdʃɪp/

a title used to address any British peer except a duke and extended to a bishop or a judge

From this reading Not to trouble your lordship with the repetition of what you know, after the death of Crassus Pompey found himself outwitted by Cæsar, broke with him, overpowered him in the senate, and caused many unjust decrees to pass against him.

managementnounUS /ˈmænədʒmənt/

the act of managing something

From this reading The commonwealth looked with a florid countenance in their management; spread in bulk, and all the while was wasting in the vitals.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Not to trouble your lordship with the repetition of what you know, after the death of Crassus Pompey found himself outwitted by Cæsar, broke with him, overpowered him in the senate, and caused many unjust decrees to pass against him.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading These were the public-spirited men of their age—that is, patriots for their own interest.

nonepronounUS /nʌn/

not one, and not any

From this reading Pompey, Crassus, and Cæsar had found the sweets of arbitrary power, and each being a check to the other’s growth, struck up a false friendship amongst themselves and divided the government betwixt them, which none of them was able to assume alone.

NotadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Not to trouble your lordship with the repetition of what you know, after the death of Crassus Pompey found himself outwitted by Cæsar, broke with him, overpowered him in the senate, and caused many unjust decrees to pass against him.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.

other's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Pompey, Crassus, and Cæsar had found the sweets of arbitrary power, and each being a check to the other’s growth, struck up a false friendship amongst themselves and divided the government betwixt them, which none of them was able to assume alone.

outwittedverbUS /ˈaʊtwɪtɪd/

inflected form of “outwit” — beat through cleverness and wit

From this reading Not to trouble your lordship with the repetition of what you know, after the death of Crassus Pompey found himself outwitted by Cæsar, broke with him, overpowered him in the senate, and caused many unjust decrees to pass against him.

overpoweredverbUS /ˌoʊvərˈpaʊərd/

past form of “overpower” — overcome by superior force

From this reading Not to trouble your lordship with the repetition of what you know, after the death of Crassus Pompey found himself outwitted by Cæsar, broke with him, overpowered him in the senate, and caused many unjust decrees to pass against him.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading These were the public-spirited men of their age—that is, patriots for their own interest.

passverbUS /pæs/

go across or through

From this reading Not to trouble your lordship with the repetition of what you know, after the death of Crassus Pompey found himself outwitted by Cæsar, broke with him, overpowered him in the senate, and caused many unjust decrees to pass against him.

patriotsnounUS /ˈpeɪtriəts/

plural of “patriot” — one who loves and defends his or her country

From this reading These were the public-spirited men of their age—that is, patriots for their own interest.

PompeynounUS /ˈpɑːmpi/

Roman general and statesman who quarrelled with Caesar and fled to Egypt where he was murdered (106-48 BC)

From this reading Pompey, Crassus, and Cæsar had found the sweets of arbitrary power, and each being a check to the other’s growth, struck up a false friendship amongst themselves and divided the government betwixt them, which none of them was able to assume alone.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading Pompey, Crassus, and Cæsar had found the sweets of arbitrary power, and each being a check to the other’s growth, struck up a false friendship amongst themselves and divided the government betwixt them, which none of them was able to assume alone.

public-spiritedadjectiveUS /ˈpʌblɪkˈspɪrɪtɪd/

showing unselfish interest in the public welfare

From this reading These were the public-spirited men of their age—that is, patriots for their own interest.

recoververbUS /rɪˈkʌvər/

get or find back; recover the use of

From this reading After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.

repetitionnounUS /ˌrepəˈtɪʃən/

an event that repeats

From this reading Not to trouble your lordship with the repetition of what you know, after the death of Crassus Pompey found himself outwitted by Cæsar, broke with him, overpowered him in the senate, and caused many unjust decrees to pass against him.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.

senatenounUS /ˈsenət/

assembly possessing high legislative powers

From this reading Not to trouble your lordship with the repetition of what you know, after the death of Crassus Pompey found himself outwitted by Cæsar, broke with him, overpowered him in the senate, and caused many unjust decrees to pass against him.

spreadverbUS /spred/

distribute or disperse widely

From this reading The commonwealth looked with a florid countenance in their management; spread in bulk, and all the while was wasting in the vitals.

struckadjectiveUS /strʌk/

(used in combination) affected by something overwhelming

From this reading Pompey, Crassus, and Cæsar had found the sweets of arbitrary power, and each being a check to the other’s growth, struck up a false friendship amongst themselves and divided the government betwixt them, which none of them was able to assume alone.

sweetsnounUS /swiːts/

plural of “sweet” — English phonetician; one of the founders of modern phonetics (1845-1912)

From this reading Pompey, Crassus, and Cæsar had found the sweets of arbitrary power, and each being a check to the other’s growth, struck up a false friendship amongst themselves and divided the government betwixt them, which none of them was able to assume alone.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading These were the public-spirited men of their age—that is, patriots for their own interest.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading These were the public-spirited men of their age—that is, patriots for their own interest.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Pompey, Crassus, and Cæsar had found the sweets of arbitrary power, and each being a check to the other’s growth, struck up a false friendship amongst themselves and divided the government betwixt them, which none of them was able to assume alone.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading Pompey, Crassus, and Cæsar had found the sweets of arbitrary power, and each being a check to the other’s growth, struck up a false friendship amongst themselves and divided the government betwixt them, which none of them was able to assume alone.

ThesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading These were the public-spirited men of their age—that is, patriots for their own interest.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.

troublenounUS /ˈtrʌbəl/

a source of difficulty

From this reading Not to trouble your lordship with the repetition of what you know, after the death of Crassus Pompey found himself outwitted by Cæsar, broke with him, overpowered him in the senate, and caused many unjust decrees to pass against him.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.

unjustadjectiveUS /ənˈdʒʌst/

not fair; marked by injustice or partiality or deception

From this reading Not to trouble your lordship with the repetition of what you know, after the death of Crassus Pompey found himself outwitted by Cæsar, broke with him, overpowered him in the senate, and caused many unjust decrees to pass against him.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.

usurpers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.

vitalsnoun

a bodily organ that is essential for life

From this reading The commonwealth looked with a florid countenance in their management; spread in bulk, and all the while was wasting in the vitals.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.

wastingnounUS /ˈweɪstɪŋ/

any general reduction in vitality and strength of body and mind resulting from a debilitating chronic disease

From this reading The commonwealth looked with a florid countenance in their management; spread in bulk, and all the while was wasting in the vitals.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading These were the public-spirited men of their age—that is, patriots for their own interest.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Not to trouble your lordship with the repetition of what you know, after the death of Crassus Pompey found himself outwitted by Cæsar, broke with him, overpowered him in the senate, and caused many unjust decrees to pass against him.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading After the death of those two usurpers the commonwealth seemed to recover, and held up its head for a little time, but it was all the while in a deep consumption, which is a flattering disease.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The commonwealth looked with a florid countenance in their management; spread in bulk, and all the while was wasting in the vitals.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Not to trouble your lordship with the repetition of what you know, after the death of Crassus Pompey found himself outwitted by Cæsar, broke with him, overpowered him in the senate, and caused many unjust decrees to pass against him.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Not to trouble your lordship with the repetition of what you know, after the death of Crassus Pompey found himself outwitted by Cæsar, broke with him, overpowered him in the senate, and caused many unjust decrees to pass against him.

Chapter 10 of Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry by John Dryden holds 111 sentences, grouped into 23 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry contain?

Chapter 10 holds 111 sentences of Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry, unabridged, divided into 23 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry by John Dryden exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 111 sentences, grouped into 23 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry?

Work through the 23 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 23 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry

Common questions about reading Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry by John Dryden on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry?

Yes. All 1771 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2615 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2615, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry take to read?

About 147 minutes of reading across 355 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry section by section

How to work through Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 16 chapters of Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry

Words and structures a reader meets early in Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Cassell
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
National
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Library
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Discourses
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.