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Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry
Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry

Chapter XIII · Chapter 13

Chapter 13 of Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry is here in full — 114 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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“_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”
This is the first similitude which Virgil makes in this poem, and one of the longest in the whole, for which reason I the rather cite it.
While the storm was in its fury, any allusion had been improper; for the poet could have compared it to nothing more impetuous than itself; consequently he could have made no illustration.
If he could have illustrated, it had been an ambitious ornament out of season, and would have diverted our concernment (_nunc non erat his locus_), and therefore he deferred it to its proper place.
These are the criticisms of most moment which have been made against the Æneis by the ancients or moderns.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry

Chapter XIII · Chapter 13

Chapter 13 of Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry is here in full — 114 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/22 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
“_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”
Line 2
This is the first similitude which Virgil makes in this poem, and one of the longest in the whole, for which reason I the rather cite it.
Line 3
While the storm was in its fury, any allusion had been improper; for the poet could have compared it to nothing more impetuous than itself; consequently he could have made no illustration.
/waɪl ðə stɔːrm wɑːz ɪn ɪts ˈfjʊri ˈeni əˈluːʒən hæd bɪn ˌɪmˈprɑːpər fɔːr ðə ˈpoʊət kʊd hæv kəmˈperd ɪt tuː ˈnʌθɪŋ mɔːr ˌɪmˈpetʃwəs ðæn ˌɪtˈself ˈkɑːnsəkwəntli hiː kʊd hæv meɪd noʊ ˌɪləˈstreɪʃən/
Line 4
If he could have illustrated, it had been an ambitious ornament out of season, and would have diverted our concernment (_nunc non erat his locus_), and therefore he deferred it to its proper place.
Line 5
These are the criticisms of most moment which have been made against theÆneisby the ancients or moderns.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cite verb US /saɪt/

make reference to

From this reading “This is the first similitude which Virgil makes in this poem, and one of the longest in the whole, for which reason I the rather cite it.”

criticisms noun US /ˈkrɪtɪsɪzəmz/

plural of “criticism” — disapproval expressed by pointing out faults or shortcomings

From this reading “These are the criticisms of most moment which have been made against the “Æneis” by the ancients or moderns.”

cum noun US /kʌm/

the thick white fluid containing spermatozoa that is ejaculated by the male genital tract

From this reading ““_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.””

deferred verb US /dɪˈfɜːrd/

inflected form of “defer” — hold back to a later time

From this reading “If he could have illustrated, it had been an ambitious ornament out of season, and would have diverted our concernment (_nunc non erat his locus_), and therefore he deferred it to its proper place.”

forte noun US /ˈfɔːrteɪ/

an asset of special worth or utility

From this reading ““_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.””

furor noun US /ˈfjʊrɔːr/

an interest followed with exaggerated zeal

locus noun US /ˈloʊkəs/

the scene of any event or action (especially the place of a meeting)

moderns noun US /ˈmɑːdərnz/

plural of “modern” — a contemporary person

From this reading “These are the criticisms of most moment which have been made against the “Æneis” by the ancients or moderns.”

All words in this reading · 136

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AcnounUS /ˈeɪˈsiː/

a radioactive element of the actinide series; found in uranium ores

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

adstant

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading These are the criticisms of most moment which have been made against the “Æneis” by the ancients or moderns.

allusionnounUS /əˈluːʒən/

passing reference or indirect mention

From this reading While the storm was in its fury, any allusion had been improper; for the poet could have compared it to nothing more impetuous than itself; consequently he could have made no illustration.

ambitiousadjectiveUS /æmˈbɪʃəs/

having a strong desire for success or achievement

From this reading If he could have illustrated, it had been an ambitious ornament out of season, and would have diverted our concernment (_nunc non erat his locus_), and therefore he deferred it to its proper place.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading If he could have illustrated, it had been an ambitious ornament out of season, and would have diverted our concernment (_nunc non erat his locus_), and therefore he deferred it to its proper place.

ancientsnounUS /ˈeɪntʃənts/

people who lived in times long past (especially during the historical period before the fall of the Roman Empire in western Europe)

From this reading These are the criticisms of most moment which have been made against the “Æneis” by the ancients or moderns.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading This is the first similitude which Virgil makes in this poem, and one of the longest in the whole, for which reason I the rather cite it.

animis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

animos

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading While the storm was in its fury, any allusion had been improper; for the poet could have compared it to nothing more impetuous than itself; consequently he could have made no illustration.

aperto

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading These are the criticisms of most moment which have been made against the “Æneis” by the ancients or moderns.

arma

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

arrectisque

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

auribus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading While the storm was in its fury, any allusion had been improper; for the poet could have compared it to nothing more impetuous than itself; consequently he could have made no illustration.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading These are the criticisms of most moment which have been made against the “Æneis” by the ancients or moderns.

cecidit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

citeverbUS /saɪt/

make reference to

From this reading This is the first similitude which Virgil makes in this poem, and one of the longest in the whole, for which reason I the rather cite it.

coeloque

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

comparedverbUS /kəmˈperd/

past form of “compare” — examine and note the similarities or differences of

From this reading While the storm was in its fury, any allusion had been improper; for the poet could have compared it to nothing more impetuous than itself; consequently he could have made no illustration.

concernment

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If he could have illustrated, it had been an ambitious ornament out of season, and would have diverted our concernment (_nunc non erat his locus_), and therefore he deferred it to its proper place.

consequentlyadverbUS /ˈkɑːnsəkwəntli/

(sentence connectors) because of the reason given

From this reading While the storm was in its fury, any allusion had been improper; for the poet could have compared it to nothing more impetuous than itself; consequently he could have made no illustration.

Conspexere

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

coorta

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading While the storm was in its fury, any allusion had been improper; for the poet could have compared it to nothing more impetuous than itself; consequently he could have made no illustration.

criticismsnounUS /ˈkrɪtɪsɪzəmz/

plural of “criticism” — disapproval expressed by pointing out faults or shortcomings

From this reading These are the criticisms of most moment which have been made against the “Æneis” by the ancients or moderns.

cumnounUS /kʌm/

the thick white fluid containing spermatozoa that is ejaculated by the male genital tract

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

cunctus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

curruque

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

datnounUS /dæt/

a digital tape recording of sound

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

deferredverbUS /dɪˈfɜːrd/

inflected form of “defer” — hold back to a later time

From this reading If he could have illustrated, it had been an ambitious ornament out of season, and would have diverted our concernment (_nunc non erat his locus_), and therefore he deferred it to its proper place.

dictis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

divertedadjectiveUS /daɪˈvɜːrtɪd/

pleasantly occupied

From this reading If he could have illustrated, it had been an ambitious ornament out of season, and would have diverted our concernment (_nunc non erat his locus_), and therefore he deferred it to its proper place.

equos

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

erat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If he could have illustrated, it had been an ambitious ornament out of season, and would have diverted our concernment (_nunc non erat his locus_), and therefore he deferred it to its proper place.

estnounUS /est/

standard time in the 5th time zone west of Greenwich, reckoned at the 75th meridian; used in the eastern United States

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

et

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

facesnounUS /ˈfeɪsəz/

plural of “face” — the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading This is the first similitude which Virgil makes in this poem, and one of the longest in the whole, for which reason I the rather cite it.

Flectit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading This is the first similitude which Virgil makes in this poem, and one of the longest in the whole, for which reason I the rather cite it.

fortenounUS /ˈfɔːrteɪ/

an asset of special worth or utility

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

fragor

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

furornounUS /ˈfjʊrɔːr/

an interest followed with exaggerated zeal

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

furynounUS /ˈfjʊri/

a feeling of intense anger

From this reading While the storm was in its fury, any allusion had been improper; for the poet could have compared it to nothing more impetuous than itself; consequently he could have made no illustration.

genitornoun

a natural father or mother

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

gravem

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading While the storm was in its fury, any allusion had been improper; for the poet could have compared it to nothing more impetuous than itself; consequently he could have made no illustration.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading While the storm was in its fury, any allusion had been improper; for the poet could have compared it to nothing more impetuous than itself; consequently he could have made no illustration.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading While the storm was in its fury, any allusion had been improper; for the poet could have compared it to nothing more impetuous than itself; consequently he could have made no illustration.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading If he could have illustrated, it had been an ambitious ornament out of season, and would have diverted our concernment (_nunc non erat his locus_), and therefore he deferred it to its proper place.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading This is the first similitude which Virgil makes in this poem, and one of the longest in the whole, for which reason I the rather cite it.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If he could have illustrated, it had been an ambitious ornament out of season, and would have diverted our concernment (_nunc non erat his locus_), and therefore he deferred it to its proper place.

ignobile

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

Ille

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

illustratedverbUS /ˈɪləstreɪtəd/

past form of “illustrate” — clarify by giving an example of

From this reading If he could have illustrated, it had been an ambitious ornament out of season, and would have diverted our concernment (_nunc non erat his locus_), and therefore he deferred it to its proper place.

illustrationnounUS /ˌɪləˈstreɪʃən/

artwork that helps make something clear or attractive

From this reading While the storm was in its fury, any allusion had been improper; for the poet could have compared it to nothing more impetuous than itself; consequently he could have made no illustration.

impetuousadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpetʃwəs/

characterized by undue haste and lack of thought or deliberation

From this reading While the storm was in its fury, any allusion had been improper; for the poet could have compared it to nothing more impetuous than itself; consequently he could have made no illustration.

improperadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈprɑːpər/

not suitable or right or appropriate

From this reading While the storm was in its fury, any allusion had been improper; for the poet could have compared it to nothing more impetuous than itself; consequently he could have made no illustration.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

invectus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This is the first similitude which Virgil makes in this poem, and one of the longest in the whole, for which reason I the rather cite it.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading This is the first similitude which Virgil makes in this poem, and one of the longest in the whole, for which reason I the rather cite it.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading While the storm was in its fury, any allusion had been improper; for the poet could have compared it to nothing more impetuous than itself; consequently he could have made no illustration.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading While the storm was in its fury, any allusion had been improper; for the poet could have compared it to nothing more impetuous than itself; consequently he could have made no illustration.

Jamque

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

locusnounUS /ˈloʊkəs/

the scene of any event or action (especially the place of a meeting)

From this reading If he could have illustrated, it had been an ambitious ornament out of season, and would have diverted our concernment (_nunc non erat his locus_), and therefore he deferred it to its proper place.

longestadverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡəst/

for the most time

From this reading This is the first similitude which Virgil makes in this poem, and one of the longest in the whole, for which reason I the rather cite it.

lora

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading While the storm was in its fury, any allusion had been improper; for the poet could have compared it to nothing more impetuous than itself; consequently he could have made no illustration.

magno

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

makesnounUS /meɪks/

plural of “make” — a recognizable kind

From this reading This is the first similitude which Virgil makes in this poem, and one of the longest in the whole, for which reason I the rather cite it.

meritis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

ministrat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

modernsnounUS /ˈmɑːdərnz/

plural of “modern” — a contemporary person

From this reading These are the criticisms of most moment which have been made against the “Æneis” by the ancients or moderns.

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading These are the criticisms of most moment which have been made against the “Æneis” by the ancients or moderns.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading While the storm was in its fury, any allusion had been improper; for the poet could have compared it to nothing more impetuous than itself; consequently he could have made no illustration.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading These are the criticisms of most moment which have been made against the “Æneis” by the ancients or moderns.

mulcet

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading While the storm was in its fury, any allusion had been improper; for the poet could have compared it to nothing more impetuous than itself; consequently he could have made no illustration.

nonadverbUS /nɑːn/

negation of a word or group of words

From this reading If he could have illustrated, it had been an ambitious ornament out of season, and would have diverted our concernment (_nunc non erat his locus_), and therefore he deferred it to its proper place.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading While the storm was in its fury, any allusion had been improper; for the poet could have compared it to nothing more impetuous than itself; consequently he could have made no illustration.

nunc

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If he could have illustrated, it had been an ambitious ornament out of season, and would have diverted our concernment (_nunc non erat his locus_), and therefore he deferred it to its proper place.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading This is the first similitude which Virgil makes in this poem, and one of the longest in the whole, for which reason I the rather cite it.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading This is the first similitude which Virgil makes in this poem, and one of the longest in the whole, for which reason I the rather cite it.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading These are the criticisms of most moment which have been made against the “Æneis” by the ancients or moderns.

ornamentverbUS /ˈɔːrnəmənt/

make more attractive by adding ornament, colour, etc.

From this reading If he could have illustrated, it had been an ambitious ornament out of season, and would have diverted our concernment (_nunc non erat his locus_), and therefore he deferred it to its proper place.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading If he could have illustrated, it had been an ambitious ornament out of season, and would have diverted our concernment (_nunc non erat his locus_), and therefore he deferred it to its proper place.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading If he could have illustrated, it had been an ambitious ornament out of season, and would have diverted our concernment (_nunc non erat his locus_), and therefore he deferred it to its proper place.

pectora

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

pelagi

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

pietate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading If he could have illustrated, it had been an ambitious ornament out of season, and would have diverted our concernment (_nunc non erat his locus_), and therefore he deferred it to its proper place.

poemnounUS /ˈpoʊəm/

a composition written in metrical feet forming rhythmical lines

From this reading This is the first similitude which Virgil makes in this poem, and one of the longest in the whole, for which reason I the rather cite it.

poetnounUS /ˈpoʊət/

a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)

From this reading While the storm was in its fury, any allusion had been improper; for the poet could have compared it to nothing more impetuous than itself; consequently he could have made no illustration.

populo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

postquam

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

properadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːpər/

marked by suitability or rightness or appropriateness

From this reading If he could have illustrated, it had been an ambitious ornament out of season, and would have diverted our concernment (_nunc non erat his locus_), and therefore he deferred it to its proper place.

Prospiciens

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

quem

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading This is the first similitude which Virgil makes in this poem, and one of the longest in the whole, for which reason I the rather cite it.

reasonnounUS /ˈriːzən/

a rational motive for a belief or action

From this reading This is the first similitude which Virgil makes in this poem, and one of the longest in the whole, for which reason I the rather cite it.

regit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

saxa

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

seasonnounUS /ˈsiːzən/

a period of the year marked by special events or activities in some field

From this reading If he could have illustrated, it had been an ambitious ornament out of season, and would have diverted our concernment (_nunc non erat his locus_), and therefore he deferred it to its proper place.

secundo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

Seditio

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

sinounUS /siː/

a tetravalent nonmetallic element; next to oxygen it is the most abundant element in the earth's crust; occurs in clay and feldspar and granite and quartz and sand; used as a semiconductor in transistors

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

SicadverbUS /sɪk/

intentionally so written (used after a printed word or phrase)

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

silentadjectiveUS /ˈsaɪlənt/

marked by absence of sound

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

similitudenoun

similarity in appearance or character or nature between persons or things

From this reading This is the first similitude which Virgil makes in this poem, and one of the longest in the whole, for which reason I the rather cite it.

stormverbUS /stɔːrm/

behave violently, as if in state of a great anger

From this reading While the storm was in its fury, any allusion had been improper; for the poet could have compared it to nothing more impetuous than itself; consequently he could have made no illustration.

sæpe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

sævitque

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading While the storm was in its fury, any allusion had been improper; for the poet could have compared it to nothing more impetuous than itself; consequently he could have made no illustration.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading This is the first similitude which Virgil makes in this poem, and one of the longest in the whole, for which reason I the rather cite it.

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading If he could have illustrated, it had been an ambitious ornament out of season, and would have diverted our concernment (_nunc non erat his locus_), and therefore he deferred it to its proper place.

ThesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading These are the criticisms of most moment which have been made against the “Æneis” by the ancients or moderns.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This is the first similitude which Virgil makes in this poem, and one of the longest in the whole, for which reason I the rather cite it.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading While the storm was in its fury, any allusion had been improper; for the poet could have compared it to nothing more impetuous than itself; consequently he could have made no illustration.

Tumnoun

an enlarged and muscular saclike organ of the alimentary canal; the principal organ of digestion

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

veluti

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

VirgilnounUS /ˈvɜːrdʒəl/

a Roman poet; author of the epic poem “Aeneid” (70-19 BC)

From this reading This is the first similitude which Virgil makes in this poem, and one of the longest in the whole, for which reason I the rather cite it.

virum

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

volansnoun

a small constellation in the polar region of the southern hemisphere near Dorado and Carina

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

volantadjective

with wings extended in a flying position

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

vulgus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading While the storm was in its fury, any allusion had been improper; for the poet could have compared it to nothing more impetuous than itself; consequently he could have made no illustration.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading This is the first similitude which Virgil makes in this poem, and one of the longest in the whole, for which reason I the rather cite it.

WhileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading While the storm was in its fury, any allusion had been improper; for the poet could have compared it to nothing more impetuous than itself; consequently he could have made no illustration.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading This is the first similitude which Virgil makes in this poem, and one of the longest in the whole, for which reason I the rather cite it.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading If he could have illustrated, it had been an ambitious ornament out of season, and would have diverted our concernment (_nunc non erat his locus_), and therefore he deferred it to its proper place.

Æneis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These are the criticisms of most moment which have been made against the “Æneis” by the ancients or moderns.

æquora

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “_Ac_, _veluti magno in populo cum sæpe coorta est_ _Seditio_, _sævitque animis ignobile vulgus_; _Jamque faces_, _et saxa volant_; _furor arma ministrat_; _Tum_, _pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem_ _Conspexere_, _silent_, _arrectisque auribus adstant_: _Ille regit dictis animos_, _et pectora mulcet_: _Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor_, _æquora postquam_ _Prospiciens genitor_, _coeloque invectus aperto_ _Flectit equos_, _curruque volans dat lora secundo_.”

Chapter 13 of Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry by John Dryden holds 114 sentences, grouped into 23 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry contain?

Chapter 13 holds 114 sentences of Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry, unabridged, divided into 23 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry by John Dryden exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 114 sentences, grouped into 23 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry?

Work through the 23 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 23 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry

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Yes. All 1769 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2615 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #2615, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry take to read?

About 147 minutes of reading across 354 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry

Words and structures a reader meets early in Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Cassell
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
National
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Library
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Discourses
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.