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Dissertations on the English Language, with Notes, Historical and Critical
Dissertations on the English Language, with Notes, Historical and Critical

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of Dissertations on the English Language, with Notes, Historical and Critical is here in full — 402 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/80 · 5 lines
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[88] It has been remarked that _y_ and _g_ are gutturals which bear nearly the same affinity to each other as _b_ and _p_.
Thus it happens that we find in old writings a _y_ in many words where _g_ is now used; as _ayen_, _ayenst_, for again, against.
Thus _bayonet_ is pronounced _bagonet_.
[89] Four hundred years ago, the purest author wrote _sen_ or _sin_ which is now deemed vulgar:
"Sin thou art rightful juge, how may it be, That thou wolt soffren innocence to spill, And wicked folk to regne in prosperitee?"
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Dissertations on the English Language, with Notes, Historical and Critical

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of Dissertations on the English Language, with Notes, Historical and Critical is here in full — 402 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/80 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
[88] It has been remarked that _y_ and _g_ are gutturals which bear nearly the same affinity to each other as _b_ and _p_.
Line 2
Thus it happens that we find in old writings a _y_ in many words where _g_ is now used; as _ayen_, _ayenst_, for again, against.
Line 3
Thus _bayonet_ is pronounced _bagonet_.
Line 4
[89] Four hundred years ago, the purest author wrote _sen_ or _sin_ which is now deemed vulgar:
Line 5
"Sin thou art rightful juge, how may it be, That thou wolt soffren innocence to spill, And wicked folk to regne in prosperitee?"

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

affinity noun US /əˈfɪnəti/

(immunology) the attraction between an antigen and an antibody

From this reading “[88] It has been remarked that _y_ and _g_ are gutturals which bear nearly the same affinity to each other as _b_ and _p_.”

bayonet noun US /ˈbeɪənet/

a knife that can be fixed to the end of a rifle and used as a weapon

deemed verb US /diːmd/

past form of “deem” — keep in mind or convey as a conviction or view

From this reading “[89] Four hundred years ago, the purest author wrote _sen_ or _sin_ which is now deemed vulgar:”

purest adjective US /ˈpjʊrəst/

superlative of “pure” — free of extraneous elements of any kind

From this reading “[89] Four hundred years ago, the purest author wrote _sen_ or _sin_ which is now deemed vulgar:”

rightful adjective US /ˈraɪtfəl/

legally valid

From this reading “"Sin thou art rightful juge, how may it be, That thou wolt soffren innocence to spill, And wicked folk to regne in prosperitee?"”

sen noun US /sen/

a fractional monetary unit of Japan and Indonesia and Cambodia; equal to one hundredth of a yen or rupiah or riel

spill verb US /spɪl/

cause or allow (a liquid substance) to run or flow from a container

From this reading “"Sin thou art rightful juge, how may it be, That thou wolt soffren innocence to spill, And wicked folk to regne in prosperitee?"”

writings noun US /ˈraɪtɪŋz/

the third of three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures

From this reading “Thus it happens that we find in old writings a _y_ in many words where _g_ is now used; as _ayen_, _ayenst_, for again, against.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

Four hundred noun + noun

the exclusive social set of a city

In this reading “[89] Four hundred years ago, the purest author wrote _sen_ or _sin_ which is now deemed vulgar:”

hundred years noun + noun

In this reading “[89] Four hundred years ago, the purest author wrote _sen_ or _sin_ which is now deemed vulgar:”

many words adjective + noun

In this reading “Thus it happens that we find in old writings a _y_ in many words where _g_ is now used; as _ayen_, _ayenst_, for again, against.”

All words in this reading · 73

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

88

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [88] It has been remarked that _y_ and _g_ are gutturals which bear nearly the same affinity to each other as _b_ and _p_.

89

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [89] Four hundred years ago, the purest author wrote _sen_ or _sin_ which is now deemed vulgar:

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Thus it happens that we find in old writings a _y_ in many words where _g_ is now used; as _ayen_, _ayenst_, for again, against.

affinitynounUS /əˈfɪnəti/

(immunology) the attraction between an antigen and an antibody

From this reading [88] It has been remarked that _y_ and _g_ are gutturals which bear nearly the same affinity to each other as _b_ and _p_.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading Thus it happens that we find in old writings a _y_ in many words where _g_ is now used; as _ayen_, _ayenst_, for again, against.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Thus it happens that we find in old writings a _y_ in many words where _g_ is now used; as _ayen_, _ayenst_, for again, against.

agoadverbUS /əˈɡoʊ/

in the past

From this reading [89] Four hundred years ago, the purest author wrote _sen_ or _sin_ which is now deemed vulgar:

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading [88] It has been remarked that _y_ and _g_ are gutturals which bear nearly the same affinity to each other as _b_ and _p_.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading [88] It has been remarked that _y_ and _g_ are gutturals which bear nearly the same affinity to each other as _b_ and _p_.

artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading "Sin thou art rightful juge, how may it be, That thou wolt soffren innocence to spill, And wicked folk to regne in prosperitee?"

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading [88] It has been remarked that _y_ and _g_ are gutturals which bear nearly the same affinity to each other as _b_ and _p_.

authornounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading [89] Four hundred years ago, the purest author wrote _sen_ or _sin_ which is now deemed vulgar:

ayen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus it happens that we find in old writings a _y_ in many words where _g_ is now used; as _ayen_, _ayenst_, for again, against.

ayenst

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus it happens that we find in old writings a _y_ in many words where _g_ is now used; as _ayen_, _ayenst_, for again, against.

bnounUS /biː/

aerobic rod-shaped spore-producing bacterium; often occurring in chainlike formations; found primarily in soil

From this reading [88] It has been remarked that _y_ and _g_ are gutturals which bear nearly the same affinity to each other as _b_ and _p_.

bagonet

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus _bayonet_ is pronounced _bagonet_.

bayonetnounUS /ˈbeɪənet/

a knife that can be fixed to the end of a rifle and used as a weapon

From this reading Thus _bayonet_ is pronounced _bagonet_.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading "Sin thou art rightful juge, how may it be, That thou wolt soffren innocence to spill, And wicked folk to regne in prosperitee?"

bearverbUS /ber/

have

From this reading [88] It has been remarked that _y_ and _g_ are gutturals which bear nearly the same affinity to each other as _b_ and _p_.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading [88] It has been remarked that _y_ and _g_ are gutturals which bear nearly the same affinity to each other as _b_ and _p_.

deemedverbUS /diːmd/

past form of “deem” — keep in mind or convey as a conviction or view

From this reading [89] Four hundred years ago, the purest author wrote _sen_ or _sin_ which is now deemed vulgar:

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading [88] It has been remarked that _y_ and _g_ are gutturals which bear nearly the same affinity to each other as _b_ and _p_.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading Thus it happens that we find in old writings a _y_ in many words where _g_ is now used; as _ayen_, _ayenst_, for again, against.

folknounUS /foʊk/

people in general (often used in the plural)

From this reading "Sin thou art rightful juge, how may it be, That thou wolt soffren innocence to spill, And wicked folk to regne in prosperitee?"

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Thus it happens that we find in old writings a _y_ in many words where _g_ is now used; as _ayen_, _ayenst_, for again, against.

FournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading [89] Four hundred years ago, the purest author wrote _sen_ or _sin_ which is now deemed vulgar:

gnounUS /dʒiː/

a metric unit of weight equal to one thousandth of a kilogram

From this reading [88] It has been remarked that _y_ and _g_ are gutturals which bear nearly the same affinity to each other as _b_ and _p_.

gutturals

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [88] It has been remarked that _y_ and _g_ are gutturals which bear nearly the same affinity to each other as _b_ and _p_.

happensverbUS /ˈhæpənz/

third-person singular of “happen” — come to pass

From this reading Thus it happens that we find in old writings a _y_ in many words where _g_ is now used; as _ayen_, _ayenst_, for again, against.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading [88] It has been remarked that _y_ and _g_ are gutturals which bear nearly the same affinity to each other as _b_ and _p_.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Sin thou art rightful juge, how may it be, That thou wolt soffren innocence to spill, And wicked folk to regne in prosperitee?"

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading [89] Four hundred years ago, the purest author wrote _sen_ or _sin_ which is now deemed vulgar:

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Thus it happens that we find in old writings a _y_ in many words where _g_ is now used; as _ayen_, _ayenst_, for again, against.

innocencenounUS /ˈɪnəsəns/

the quality of innocent naivete

From this reading "Sin thou art rightful juge, how may it be, That thou wolt soffren innocence to spill, And wicked folk to regne in prosperitee?"

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Thus it happens that we find in old writings a _y_ in many words where _g_ is now used; as _ayen_, _ayenst_, for again, against.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading [88] It has been remarked that _y_ and _g_ are gutturals which bear nearly the same affinity to each other as _b_ and _p_.

juge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Sin thou art rightful juge, how may it be, That thou wolt soffren innocence to spill, And wicked folk to regne in prosperitee?"

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Thus it happens that we find in old writings a _y_ in many words where _g_ is now used; as _ayen_, _ayenst_, for again, against.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading "Sin thou art rightful juge, how may it be, That thou wolt soffren innocence to spill, And wicked folk to regne in prosperitee?"

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading [88] It has been remarked that _y_ and _g_ are gutturals which bear nearly the same affinity to each other as _b_ and _p_.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Thus it happens that we find in old writings a _y_ in many words where _g_ is now used; as _ayen_, _ayenst_, for again, against.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Thus it happens that we find in old writings a _y_ in many words where _g_ is now used; as _ayen_, _ayenst_, for again, against.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading [89] Four hundred years ago, the purest author wrote _sen_ or _sin_ which is now deemed vulgar:

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading [88] It has been remarked that _y_ and _g_ are gutturals which bear nearly the same affinity to each other as _b_ and _p_.

pnounUS /piː/

a multivalent nonmetallic element of the nitrogen family that occurs commonly in inorganic phosphate rocks and as organic phosphates in all living cells; is highly reactive and occurs in several allotropic forms

From this reading [88] It has been remarked that _y_ and _g_ are gutturals which bear nearly the same affinity to each other as _b_ and _p_.

pronouncedadjectiveUS /prəˈnaʊnst/

strongly marked; easily noticeable

From this reading Thus _bayonet_ is pronounced _bagonet_.

prosperitee

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Sin thou art rightful juge, how may it be, That thou wolt soffren innocence to spill, And wicked folk to regne in prosperitee?"

purestadjectiveUS /ˈpjʊrəst/

superlative of “pure” — free of extraneous elements of any kind

From this reading [89] Four hundred years ago, the purest author wrote _sen_ or _sin_ which is now deemed vulgar:

regne

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Sin thou art rightful juge, how may it be, That thou wolt soffren innocence to spill, And wicked folk to regne in prosperitee?"

remarkedverbUS /rɪˈmɑːrkt/

past form of “remark” — make mention of

From this reading [88] It has been remarked that _y_ and _g_ are gutturals which bear nearly the same affinity to each other as _b_ and _p_.

rightfuladjectiveUS /ˈraɪtfəl/

legally valid

From this reading "Sin thou art rightful juge, how may it be, That thou wolt soffren innocence to spill, And wicked folk to regne in prosperitee?"

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading [88] It has been remarked that _y_ and _g_ are gutturals which bear nearly the same affinity to each other as _b_ and _p_.

sennounUS /sen/

a fractional monetary unit of Japan and Indonesia and Cambodia; equal to one hundredth of a yen or rupiah or riel

From this reading [89] Four hundred years ago, the purest author wrote _sen_ or _sin_ which is now deemed vulgar:

sinnounUS /sɪn/

estrangement from god

From this reading [89] Four hundred years ago, the purest author wrote _sen_ or _sin_ which is now deemed vulgar:

soffren

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Sin thou art rightful juge, how may it be, That thou wolt soffren innocence to spill, And wicked folk to regne in prosperitee?"

spillverbUS /spɪl/

cause or allow (a liquid substance) to run or flow from a container

From this reading "Sin thou art rightful juge, how may it be, That thou wolt soffren innocence to spill, And wicked folk to regne in prosperitee?"

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading [88] It has been remarked that _y_ and _g_ are gutturals which bear nearly the same affinity to each other as _b_ and _p_.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading [88] It has been remarked that _y_ and _g_ are gutturals which bear nearly the same affinity to each other as _b_ and _p_.

thoupronounUS /ðaʊ/

an old word for “you”, as the subject, speaking to one person

From this reading "Sin thou art rightful juge, how may it be, That thou wolt soffren innocence to spill, And wicked folk to regne in prosperitee?"

ThusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading Thus it happens that we find in old writings a _y_ in many words where _g_ is now used; as _ayen_, _ayenst_, for again, against.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading [88] It has been remarked that _y_ and _g_ are gutturals which bear nearly the same affinity to each other as _b_ and _p_.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading Thus it happens that we find in old writings a _y_ in many words where _g_ is now used; as _ayen_, _ayenst_, for again, against.

vulgaradjectiveUS /ˈvʌlɡər/

lacking refinement or cultivation or taste

From this reading [89] Four hundred years ago, the purest author wrote _sen_ or _sin_ which is now deemed vulgar:

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Thus it happens that we find in old writings a _y_ in many words where _g_ is now used; as _ayen_, _ayenst_, for again, against.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Thus it happens that we find in old writings a _y_ in many words where _g_ is now used; as _ayen_, _ayenst_, for again, against.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading [88] It has been remarked that _y_ and _g_ are gutturals which bear nearly the same affinity to each other as _b_ and _p_.

wickedadjectiveUS /ˈwɪkəd/

morally bad in principle or practice

From this reading "Sin thou art rightful juge, how may it be, That thou wolt soffren innocence to spill, And wicked folk to regne in prosperitee?"

wolt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Sin thou art rightful juge, how may it be, That thou wolt soffren innocence to spill, And wicked folk to regne in prosperitee?"

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading Thus it happens that we find in old writings a _y_ in many words where _g_ is now used; as _ayen_, _ayenst_, for again, against.

writingsnounUS /ˈraɪtɪŋz/

the third of three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures

From this reading Thus it happens that we find in old writings a _y_ in many words where _g_ is now used; as _ayen_, _ayenst_, for again, against.

wroteverbUS /roʊt/

inflected form of “write” — produce a literary work

From this reading [89] Four hundred years ago, the purest author wrote _sen_ or _sin_ which is now deemed vulgar:

ynounUS /waɪ/

a silvery metallic element that is common in rare-earth minerals; used in magnesium and aluminum alloys

From this reading [88] It has been remarked that _y_ and _g_ are gutturals which bear nearly the same affinity to each other as _b_ and _p_.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading [89] Four hundred years ago, the purest author wrote _sen_ or _sin_ which is now deemed vulgar:

Chapter 7 of Dissertations on the English Language, with Notes, Historical and Critical by Noah Webster holds 402 sentences, grouped into 81 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

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Chapter 7 holds 402 sentences of Dissertations on the English Language, with Notes, Historical and Critical, unabridged, divided into 81 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of Dissertations on the English Language, with Notes, Historical and Critical by Noah Webster exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 402 sentences, grouped into 81 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

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Vocabulary met early in Dissertations on the English Language, with Notes, Historical and Critical

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