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Doña Perfecta
Doña Perfecta

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Doña Perfecta is here in full — 162 sentences across 33 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/32 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
DONA PERFECTA See with what tranquillity Señora Doña Perfecta pursues her occupation of writing.
Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.
The light of the lamp falls full upon her face and bust and hands, its shade leaving the rest of her person and almost the whole of the room in a soft shadow.
She seems like a luminous figure evoked by the imagination from amid the vague shadows of fear.
It is strange that we should not have made before this a very important statement, which is that Doña Perfecta was handsome, or rather that she was still handsome, her face preserving the remains of former beauty.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Doña Perfecta

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Doña Perfecta is here in full — 162 sentences across 33 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/32 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
DONA PERFECTA See with what tranquillity Señora Doña Perfecta pursues her occupation of writing.
Line 2
Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.
Line 3
The light of the lamp falls full upon her face and bust and hands, its shade leaving the rest of her person and almost the whole of the room in a soft shadow.
/ðə laɪt ʌv ðə læmp fɔːlz fʊl əˈpɑːn hɜːr feɪs ənd bʌst ənd hændz ɪts ʃeɪd ˈliːvɪŋ ðə rest ʌv hɜːr ˈpɜːrsən ənd ˈɔːlmoʊst ðə hoʊl ʌv ðə ruːm ɪn ə sɑːft ˈʃæd.oʊ/
Line 4
She seems like a luminous figure evoked by the imagination from amid the vague shadows of fear.
/ʃiː siːmz laɪk ə ˈluːmənəs ˈfɪɡjər ɪˈvoʊkt baɪ ðə ˌɪmædʒəˈneɪʃən frʌm əˈmɪd ðə veɪɡ ˈʃædoʊz ʌv fɪr/
Line 5
It is strange that we should not have made before this a very important statement, which is that Doña Perfecta was handsome, or rather that she was still handsome, her face preserving the remains of former beauty.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bust verb US /bʌst/

ruin completely

From this reading “The light of the lamp falls full upon her face and bust and hands, its shade leaving the rest of her person and almost the whole of the room in a soft shadow.”

dona noun US /ˈdoʊnə/

a Spanish courtesy title or form of address for a woman

From this reading “DONA PERFECTA See with what tranquillity Señora Doña Perfecta pursues her occupation of writing.”

evoked adjective US /ɪˈvoʊkt/

called forth from a latent or potential state by stimulation

From this reading “She seems like a luminous figure evoked by the imagination from amid the vague shadows of fear.”

lateness noun US /ˈleɪtnəs/

quality of coming late or later in time

From this reading “Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.”

perfecta noun US /pərˈfektə/

a bet that you can pick the first and second finishers in the right order

From this reading “DONA PERFECTA See with what tranquillity Señora Doña Perfecta pursues her occupation of writing.”

preserving verb US /prəˈzɜːrvɪŋ/

-ing form of “preserve” — keep or maintain in unaltered condition; cause to remain or last

From this reading “It is strange that we should not have made before this a very important statement, which is that Doña Perfecta was handsome, or rather that she was still handsome, her face preserving the remains of former beauty.”

pursues verb US /pərˈsuːz/

third-person singular of “pursue” — carry out or participate in an activity; be involved in

From this reading “DONA PERFECTA See with what tranquillity Señora Doña Perfecta pursues her occupation of writing.”

worded verb US /ˈwɜːrdɪd/

past form of “word” — put into words or an expression

From this reading “Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.”

All words in this reading · 98

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading The light of the lamp falls full upon her face and bust and hands, its shade leaving the rest of her person and almost the whole of the room in a soft shadow.

amidprepositionUS /əˈmɪd/

in the middle of; surrounded by

From this reading She seems like a luminous figure evoked by the imagination from amid the vague shadows of fear.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

beautynounUS /ˈbjuːti/

the qualities that give pleasure to the senses

From this reading It is strange that we should not have made before this a very important statement, which is that Doña Perfecta was handsome, or rather that she was still handsome, her face preserving the remains of former beauty.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading It is strange that we should not have made before this a very important statement, which is that Doña Perfecta was handsome, or rather that she was still handsome, her face preserving the remains of former beauty.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

busilyadverbUS /ˈbɪzəli/

in a busy manner

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

bustverbUS /bʌst/

ruin completely

From this reading The light of the lamp falls full upon her face and bust and hands, its shade leaving the rest of her person and almost the whole of the room in a soft shadow.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading She seems like a luminous figure evoked by the imagination from amid the vague shadows of fear.

carefullyadverbUS /ˈkerfəli/

taking care or paying attention

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

correctlyadverbUS /kərˈektli/

in an accurate manner

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

dividedadjectiveUS /dɪˈvaɪdɪd/

separated into parts or pieces

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

DONAnounUS /ˈdoʊnə/

a Spanish courtesy title or form of address for a woman

From this reading DONA PERFECTA See with what tranquillity Señora Doña Perfecta pursues her occupation of writing.

Doña

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading DONA PERFECTA See with what tranquillity Señora Doña Perfecta pursues her occupation of writing.

engagedadjectiveUS /enˈɡeɪdʒd/

having ones attention or mind or energy engaged

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

EnterverbUS /ˈentər/

to come or go into

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

epistles

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

evokedadjectiveUS /ɪˈvoʊkt/

called forth from a latent or potential state by stimulation

From this reading She seems like a luminous figure evoked by the imagination from amid the vague shadows of fear.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading The light of the lamp falls full upon her face and bust and hands, its shade leaving the rest of her person and almost the whole of the room in a soft shadow.

fallsnounUS /fɔːlz/

the petals or sepals of a flower that bend downward (especially the outer perianth of an iris)

From this reading The light of the lamp falls full upon her face and bust and hands, its shade leaving the rest of her person and almost the whole of the room in a soft shadow.

fearverbUS /fɪr/

be afraid or feel anxious or apprehensive about a possible or probable situation or event

From this reading She seems like a luminous figure evoked by the imagination from amid the vague shadows of fear.

figurenounUS /ˈfɪɡjər/

a diagram or picture illustrating textual material

From this reading She seems like a luminous figure evoked by the imagination from amid the vague shadows of fear.

firmadjectiveUS /fɜːrm/

marked by firm determination or resolution; not shakable

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

formedadjectiveUS /fɔːrmd/

having or given a form or shape

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

formeradjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrmər/

referring to the first of two things or persons mentioned (or the earlier one or ones of several)

From this reading It is strange that we should not have made before this a very important statement, which is that Doña Perfecta was handsome, or rather that she was still handsome, her face preserving the remains of former beauty.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading She seems like a luminous figure evoked by the imagination from amid the vague shadows of fear.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading The light of the lamp falls full upon her face and bust and hands, its shade leaving the rest of her person and almost the whole of the room in a soft shadow.

hair-stroke

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading The light of the lamp falls full upon her face and bust and hands, its shade leaving the rest of her person and almost the whole of the room in a soft shadow.

handsomeadjectiveUS /ˈhænsəm/

pleasing in appearance especially by reason of conformity to ideals of form and proportion

From this reading It is strange that we should not have made before this a very important statement, which is that Doña Perfecta was handsome, or rather that she was still handsome, her face preserving the remains of former beauty.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading It is strange that we should not have made before this a very important statement, which is that Doña Perfecta was handsome, or rather that she was still handsome, her face preserving the remains of former beauty.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading DONA PERFECTA See with what tranquillity Señora Doña Perfecta pursues her occupation of writing.

hournounUS /ˈaʊər/

a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

imaginationnounUS /ˌɪmædʒəˈneɪʃən/

the formation of a mental image of something that is not perceived as real and is not present to the senses

From this reading She seems like a luminous figure evoked by the imagination from amid the vague shadows of fear.

importantadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt/

of great significance or value

From this reading It is strange that we should not have made before this a very important statement, which is that Doña Perfecta was handsome, or rather that she was still handsome, her face preserving the remains of former beauty.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is strange that we should not have made before this a very important statement, which is that Doña Perfecta was handsome, or rather that she was still handsome, her face preserving the remains of former beauty.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The light of the lamp falls full upon her face and bust and hands, its shade leaving the rest of her person and almost the whole of the room in a soft shadow.

lampnounUS /læmp/

an artificial source of visible illumination

From this reading The light of the lamp falls full upon her face and bust and hands, its shade leaving the rest of her person and almost the whole of the room in a soft shadow.

latenessnounUS /ˈleɪtnəs/

quality of coming late or later in time

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

leavingnounUS /ˈliːvɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading The light of the lamp falls full upon her face and bust and hands, its shade leaving the rest of her person and almost the whole of the room in a soft shadow.

letternounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading The light of the lamp falls full upon her face and bust and hands, its shade leaving the rest of her person and almost the whole of the room in a soft shadow.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading She seems like a luminous figure evoked by the imagination from amid the vague shadows of fear.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

luminousadjectiveUS /ˈluːmənəs/

softly bright or radiant

From this reading She seems like a luminous figure evoked by the imagination from amid the vague shadows of fear.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading It is strange that we should not have made before this a very important statement, which is that Doña Perfecta was handsome, or rather that she was still handsome, her face preserving the remains of former beauty.

meditationnounUS /ˌmedəˈteɪʃən/

continuous and profound contemplation or musing on a subject or series of subjects of a deep or abstruse nature

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading It is strange that we should not have made before this a very important statement, which is that Doña Perfecta was handsome, or rather that she was still handsome, her face preserving the remains of former beauty.

notwithstandingadverbUS /ˌnɑːtwɪθˈstændɪŋ/

despite anything to the contrary (usually preceding a concession)

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

occupationnounUS /ˌɑːkjəˈpeɪʃən/

the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money

From this reading DONA PERFECTA See with what tranquillity Señora Doña Perfecta pursues her occupation of writing.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading DONA PERFECTA See with what tranquillity Señora Doña Perfecta pursues her occupation of writing.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading It is strange that we should not have made before this a very important statement, which is that Doña Perfecta was handsome, or rather that she was still handsome, her face preserving the remains of former beauty.

PERFECTAnounUS /pərˈfektə/

a bet that you can pick the first and second finishers in the right order

From this reading DONA PERFECTA See with what tranquillity Señora Doña Perfecta pursues her occupation of writing.

personnounUS /ˈpɜːrsən/

a human being

From this reading The light of the lamp falls full upon her face and bust and hands, its shade leaving the rest of her person and almost the whole of the room in a soft shadow.

preservingverbUS /prəˈzɜːrvɪŋ/

-ing form of “preserve” — keep or maintain in unaltered condition; cause to remain or last

From this reading It is strange that we should not have made before this a very important statement, which is that Doña Perfecta was handsome, or rather that she was still handsome, her face preserving the remains of former beauty.

pursuesverbUS /pərˈsuːz/

third-person singular of “pursue” — carry out or participate in an activity; be involved in

From this reading DONA PERFECTA See with what tranquillity Señora Doña Perfecta pursues her occupation of writing.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading It is strange that we should not have made before this a very important statement, which is that Doña Perfecta was handsome, or rather that she was still handsome, her face preserving the remains of former beauty.

remainsnounUS /rɪˈmeɪnz/

any object that is left unused or still extant

From this reading It is strange that we should not have made before this a very important statement, which is that Doña Perfecta was handsome, or rather that she was still handsome, her face preserving the remains of former beauty.

restverbUS /rest/

not move; be in a resting position

From this reading The light of the lamp falls full upon her face and bust and hands, its shade leaving the rest of her person and almost the whole of the room in a soft shadow.

roomnounUS /ruːm/

an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

SeeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading DONA PERFECTA See with what tranquillity Señora Doña Perfecta pursues her occupation of writing.

seemsverbUS /siːmz/

third-person singular of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading She seems like a luminous figure evoked by the imagination from amid the vague shadows of fear.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

Señora

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading DONA PERFECTA See with what tranquillity Señora Doña Perfecta pursues her occupation of writing.

shadenounUS /ʃeɪd/

relative darkness caused by light rays being intercepted by an opaque body

From this reading The light of the lamp falls full upon her face and bust and hands, its shade leaving the rest of her person and almost the whole of the room in a soft shadow.

shadownounUS /ˈʃæd.oʊ/

A dark area or shape produced by a body coming between rays of light and a surface.

From this reading The light of the lamp falls full upon her face and bust and hands, its shade leaving the rest of her person and almost the whole of the room in a soft shadow.

shadowsnounUS /ˈʃædoʊz/

plural of “shadow” — shade within clear boundaries

From this reading She seems like a luminous figure evoked by the imagination from amid the vague shadows of fear.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She seems like a luminous figure evoked by the imagination from amid the vague shadows of fear.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading It is strange that we should not have made before this a very important statement, which is that Doña Perfecta was handsome, or rather that she was still handsome, her face preserving the remains of former beauty.

softadjectiveUS /sɑːft/

yielding readily to pressure or weight

From this reading The light of the lamp falls full upon her face and bust and hands, its shade leaving the rest of her person and almost the whole of the room in a soft shadow.

statementnounUS /ˈsteɪtmənt/

a message that is stated or declared; a communication (oral or written) setting forth particulars or facts etc

From this reading It is strange that we should not have made before this a very important statement, which is that Doña Perfecta was handsome, or rather that she was still handsome, her face preserving the remains of former beauty.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading It is strange that we should not have made before this a very important statement, which is that Doña Perfecta was handsome, or rather that she was still handsome, her face preserving the remains of former beauty.

strangeadjectiveUS /streɪndʒ/

being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird

From this reading It is strange that we should not have made before this a very important statement, which is that Doña Perfecta was handsome, or rather that she was still handsome, her face preserving the remains of former beauty.

surprisenounUS /sərˈpraɪz/

the astonishment you feel when something totally unexpected happens to you

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It is strange that we should not have made before this a very important statement, which is that Doña Perfecta was handsome, or rather that she was still handsome, her face preserving the remains of former beauty.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading It is strange that we should not have made before this a very important statement, which is that Doña Perfecta was handsome, or rather that she was still handsome, her face preserving the remains of former beauty.

tracedverbUS /treɪst/

past form of “trace” — follow, discover, or ascertain the course of development of something

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

tranquillitynounUS /træŋˈkwɪlɪti/

an untroubled state; free from disturbances

From this reading DONA PERFECTA See with what tranquillity Señora Doña Perfecta pursues her occupation of writing.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The light of the lamp falls full upon her face and bust and hands, its shade leaving the rest of her person and almost the whole of the room in a soft shadow.

vagueadjectiveUS /veɪɡ/

not clearly expressed or understood

From this reading She seems like a luminous figure evoked by the imagination from amid the vague shadows of fear.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading It is strange that we should not have made before this a very important statement, which is that Doña Perfecta was handsome, or rather that she was still handsome, her face preserving the remains of former beauty.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is strange that we should not have made before this a very important statement, which is that Doña Perfecta was handsome, or rather that she was still handsome, her face preserving the remains of former beauty.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading It is strange that we should not have made before this a very important statement, which is that Doña Perfecta was handsome, or rather that she was still handsome, her face preserving the remains of former beauty.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading DONA PERFECTA See with what tranquillity Señora Doña Perfecta pursues her occupation of writing.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading The light of the lamp falls full upon her face and bust and hands, its shade leaving the rest of her person and almost the whole of the room in a soft shadow.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading DONA PERFECTA See with what tranquillity Señora Doña Perfecta pursues her occupation of writing.

wordedverbUS /ˈwɜːrdɪd/

past form of “word” — put into words or an expression

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

writingnounUS /ˈraɪtɪŋ/

the act of creating written works

From this reading DONA PERFECTA See with what tranquillity Señora Doña Perfecta pursues her occupation of writing.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Enter her room, and, notwithstanding the lateness of the hour, you will surprise her busily engaged, her mind divided between meditation and the writing of several long and carefully worded epistles traced with a firm hand, every hair-stroke of every letter in which is correctly formed.

Chapter 31 of Doña Perfecta by Benito Pérez Galdós holds 162 sentences, grouped into 33 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of Doña Perfecta contain?

Chapter 31 holds 162 sentences of Doña Perfecta, unabridged, divided into 33 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of Doña Perfecta by Benito Pérez Galdós exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 162 sentences, grouped into 33 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of Doña Perfecta?

Work through the 33 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 33 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Doña Perfecta

Common questions about reading Doña Perfecta by Benito Pérez Galdós on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Doña Perfecta?

Yes. All 4292 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2462 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Doña Perfecta is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2462, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Doña Perfecta take to read?

About 357 minutes of reading across 859 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Doña Perfecta section by section

How to work through Doña Perfecta section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 32 chapters of Doña Perfecta to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Doña Perfecta

Words and structures a reader meets early in Doña Perfecta, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Villahorrenda
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Doña Perfecta; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Minutes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Doña Perfecta; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Train
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Doña Perfecta; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Unnecessary
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Doña Perfecta; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.