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Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman
Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman

Chapter XXI

Chapter 21 of Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman is here in full — 131 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman
Context Illustration Reading 1/26 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
For four days, a fine, thick rain had been descending persistently from the low, gray-blanketed sky, and a wet mist rose from the sodden earth to meet it.
The soil reeked with dampness; it oozed from the walls of the stone or stuccoed houses, dripped from the sloping roofs of rambling porches, saturated one's clothes, and permeated one's blood.
The Kaskaskia River, pushed out of its banks by its swollen tributaries, had overflowed all the bottoms, and banked the waters of the bayous up into the hills.
The village was surrounded by water on three sides, and from the fort one could see nothing save the dreary waste of still, dull water.
Even the reeds, canes, and grasses which ordinarily fringed the bayous, adding something of life and grace, were now submerged.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman

Chapter XXI

Chapter 21 of Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman is here in full — 131 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/26 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
For four days, a fine, thick rain had been descending persistently from the low, gray-blanketed sky, and a wet mist rose from the sodden earth to meet it.
Line 2
The soil reeked with dampness; it oozed from the walls of the stone or stuccoed houses, dripped from the sloping roofs of rambling porches, saturated one's clothes, and permeated one's blood.
Line 3
The Kaskaskia River, pushed out of its banks by its swollen tributaries, had overflowed all the bottoms, and banked the waters of the bayous up into the hills.
Line 4
The village was surrounded by water on three sides, and from the fort one could see nothing save the dreary waste of still, dull water.
/ðə ˈvɪlədʒ wɑːz sərˈaʊndɪd baɪ ˈwɔːtər ɑːn θriː saɪdz ənd frʌm ðə fɔːrt wʌn kʊd siː ˈnʌθɪŋ seɪv ðə ˈdrɪri weɪst ʌv stɪl dʌl ˈwɔːtər/
Line 5
Even the reeds, canes, and grasses which ordinarily fringed the bayous, adding something of life and grace, were now submerged.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

banked verb US /bæŋkt/

past form of “bank” — tip laterally

From this reading “The Kaskaskia River, pushed out of its banks by its swollen tributaries, had overflowed all the bottoms, and banked the waters of the bayous up into the hills.”

bayous noun US /ˈbaɪuːz/

plural of “bayou” — a swampy arm or slow-moving outlet of a lake (term used mainly in Mississippi and Louisiana)

From this reading “The Kaskaskia River, pushed out of its banks by its swollen tributaries, had overflowed all the bottoms, and banked the waters of the bayous up into the hills.”

dampness noun US /ˈdæmpnɪs/

a slight wetness

From this reading “The soil reeked with dampness; it oozed from the walls of the stone or stuccoed houses, dripped from the sloping roofs of rambling porches, saturated one's clothes, and permeated one's blood.”

oozed verb US /uːzd/

past form of “ooze” — pass gradually or leak through or as if through small openings

From this reading “The soil reeked with dampness; it oozed from the walls of the stone or stuccoed houses, dripped from the sloping roofs of rambling porches, saturated one's clothes, and permeated one's blood.”

permeated verb US /ˈpɜːrmieɪtɪd/

past form of “permeate” — spread or diffuse through

From this reading “The soil reeked with dampness; it oozed from the walls of the stone or stuccoed houses, dripped from the sloping roofs of rambling porches, saturated one's clothes, and permeated one's blood.”

porches noun US /ˈpɔːrtʃəz/

plural of “porch” — a structure attached to the exterior of a building often forming a covered entrance

From this reading “The soil reeked with dampness; it oozed from the walls of the stone or stuccoed houses, dripped from the sloping roofs of rambling porches, saturated one's clothes, and permeated one's blood.”

stuccoed verb US /ˈstʌkoʊd/

past form of “stucco” — decorate with stucco work

From this reading “The soil reeked with dampness; it oozed from the walls of the stone or stuccoed houses, dripped from the sloping roofs of rambling porches, saturated one's clothes, and permeated one's blood.”

tributaries noun US /ˈtrɪbjəteriz/

plural of “tributary” — a branch that flows into the main stream

From this reading “The Kaskaskia River, pushed out of its banks by its swollen tributaries, had overflowed all the bottoms, and banked the waters of the bayous up into the hills.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

sloping roofs adjective + noun counted as “sloping roof”

In this reading “The soil reeked with dampness; it oozed from the walls of the stone or stuccoed houses, dripped from the sloping roofs of rambling porches, saturated one's clothes, and permeated one's blood.”

dreary waste adjective + noun

In this reading “The village was surrounded by water on three sides, and from the fort one could see nothing save the dreary waste of still, dull water.”

four days noun + noun

In this reading “For four days, a fine, thick rain had been descending persistently from the low, gray-blanketed sky, and a wet mist rose from the sodden earth to meet it.”

dripped from verb + particle counted as “drip from”

In this reading “The soil reeked with dampness; it oozed from the walls of the stone or stuccoed houses, dripped from the sloping roofs of rambling porches, saturated one's clothes, and permeated one's blood.”

mist rose verb + noun

In this reading “For four days, a fine, thick rain had been descending persistently from the low, gray-blanketed sky, and a wet mist rose from the sodden earth to meet it.”

from the fort preposition + article + noun counted as “from … fort”

In this reading “The village was surrounded by water on three sides, and from the fort one could see nothing save the dreary waste of still, dull water.”

pushed out verb + adjective counted as “push out”

push to thrust outward

In this reading “The Kaskaskia River, pushed out of its banks by its swollen tributaries, had overflowed all the bottoms, and banked the waters of the bayous up into the hills.”

three sides noun + noun counted as “three side”

In this reading “The village was surrounded by water on three sides, and from the fort one could see nothing save the dreary waste of still, dull water.”

All words in this reading · 95

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading For four days, a fine, thick rain had been descending persistently from the low, gray-blanketed sky, and a wet mist rose from the sodden earth to meet it.

addingverbUS /ˈædɪŋ/

-ing form of “add” — make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of

From this reading Even the reeds, canes, and grasses which ordinarily fringed the bayous, adding something of life and grace, were now submerged.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The Kaskaskia River, pushed out of its banks by its swollen tributaries, had overflowed all the bottoms, and banked the waters of the bayous up into the hills.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading For four days, a fine, thick rain had been descending persistently from the low, gray-blanketed sky, and a wet mist rose from the sodden earth to meet it.

bankedverbUS /bæŋkt/

past form of “bank” — tip laterally

From this reading The Kaskaskia River, pushed out of its banks by its swollen tributaries, had overflowed all the bottoms, and banked the waters of the bayous up into the hills.

banksnounUS /bæŋks/

English botanist who accompanied Captain Cook on his first voyage to the Pacific Ocean (1743-1820)

From this reading The Kaskaskia River, pushed out of its banks by its swollen tributaries, had overflowed all the bottoms, and banked the waters of the bayous up into the hills.

bayousnounUS /ˈbaɪuːz/

plural of “bayou” — a swampy arm or slow-moving outlet of a lake (term used mainly in Mississippi and Louisiana)

From this reading The Kaskaskia River, pushed out of its banks by its swollen tributaries, had overflowed all the bottoms, and banked the waters of the bayous up into the hills.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading For four days, a fine, thick rain had been descending persistently from the low, gray-blanketed sky, and a wet mist rose from the sodden earth to meet it.

bloodnounUS /blʌd/

The red fluid that circulates in the heart and blood vessels.

From this reading The soil reeked with dampness; it oozed from the walls of the stone or stuccoed houses, dripped from the sloping roofs of rambling porches, saturated one's clothes, and permeated one's blood.

bottomsnounUS /ˈbɑːtəmz/

plural of “bottom” — the lower side of anything

From this reading The Kaskaskia River, pushed out of its banks by its swollen tributaries, had overflowed all the bottoms, and banked the waters of the bayous up into the hills.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The Kaskaskia River, pushed out of its banks by its swollen tributaries, had overflowed all the bottoms, and banked the waters of the bayous up into the hills.

canesnounUS /keɪnz/

plural of “cane” — a stick that people can lean on to help them walk

From this reading Even the reeds, canes, and grasses which ordinarily fringed the bayous, adding something of life and grace, were now submerged.

clothesnounUS /kloʊðz/

clothing in general

From this reading The soil reeked with dampness; it oozed from the walls of the stone or stuccoed houses, dripped from the sloping roofs of rambling porches, saturated one's clothes, and permeated one's blood.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading The village was surrounded by water on three sides, and from the fort one could see nothing save the dreary waste of still, dull water.

dampnessnounUS /ˈdæmpnɪs/

a slight wetness

From this reading The soil reeked with dampness; it oozed from the walls of the stone or stuccoed houses, dripped from the sloping roofs of rambling porches, saturated one's clothes, and permeated one's blood.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading For four days, a fine, thick rain had been descending persistently from the low, gray-blanketed sky, and a wet mist rose from the sodden earth to meet it.

descendingadjectiveUS /dɪˈsendɪŋ/

coming down or downward

From this reading For four days, a fine, thick rain had been descending persistently from the low, gray-blanketed sky, and a wet mist rose from the sodden earth to meet it.

drearyadjectiveUS /ˈdrɪri/

lacking in liveliness or charm or surprise

From this reading The village was surrounded by water on three sides, and from the fort one could see nothing save the dreary waste of still, dull water.

drippedverbUS /drɪpt/

inflected form of “drip” — fall in drops

From this reading The soil reeked with dampness; it oozed from the walls of the stone or stuccoed houses, dripped from the sloping roofs of rambling porches, saturated one's clothes, and permeated one's blood.

dulladjectiveUS /dʌl/

lacking in liveliness or animation

From this reading The village was surrounded by water on three sides, and from the fort one could see nothing save the dreary waste of still, dull water.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading For four days, a fine, thick rain had been descending persistently from the low, gray-blanketed sky, and a wet mist rose from the sodden earth to meet it.

EvenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading Even the reeds, canes, and grasses which ordinarily fringed the bayous, adding something of life and grace, were now submerged.

fineadjectiveUS /faɪn/

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading For four days, a fine, thick rain had been descending persistently from the low, gray-blanketed sky, and a wet mist rose from the sodden earth to meet it.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For four days, a fine, thick rain had been descending persistently from the low, gray-blanketed sky, and a wet mist rose from the sodden earth to meet it.

fortnounUS /fɔːrt/

a fortified military post where troops are stationed

From this reading The village was surrounded by water on three sides, and from the fort one could see nothing save the dreary waste of still, dull water.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading For four days, a fine, thick rain had been descending persistently from the low, gray-blanketed sky, and a wet mist rose from the sodden earth to meet it.

fringedadjective

surrounded as with a border or fringe; sometimes used in combination

From this reading Even the reeds, canes, and grasses which ordinarily fringed the bayous, adding something of life and grace, were now submerged.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading For four days, a fine, thick rain had been descending persistently from the low, gray-blanketed sky, and a wet mist rose from the sodden earth to meet it.

gracenounUS /ɡreɪs/

(Christian theology) a state of sanctification by God; the state of one who is under such divine influence

From this reading Even the reeds, canes, and grasses which ordinarily fringed the bayous, adding something of life and grace, were now submerged.

grassesnounUS /ˈɡræsəz/

plural of “grass” — narrow-leaved green herbage: grown as lawns; used as pasture for grazing animals; cut and dried as hay

From this reading Even the reeds, canes, and grasses which ordinarily fringed the bayous, adding something of life and grace, were now submerged.

gray-blanketed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For four days, a fine, thick rain had been descending persistently from the low, gray-blanketed sky, and a wet mist rose from the sodden earth to meet it.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading For four days, a fine, thick rain had been descending persistently from the low, gray-blanketed sky, and a wet mist rose from the sodden earth to meet it.

hillsnounUS /hɪlz/

plural of “hill” — a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading The Kaskaskia River, pushed out of its banks by its swollen tributaries, had overflowed all the bottoms, and banked the waters of the bayous up into the hills.

housesnounUS /ˈhaʊsəz/

plural of “house” — a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading The soil reeked with dampness; it oozed from the walls of the stone or stuccoed houses, dripped from the sloping roofs of rambling porches, saturated one's clothes, and permeated one's blood.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The Kaskaskia River, pushed out of its banks by its swollen tributaries, had overflowed all the bottoms, and banked the waters of the bayous up into the hills.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading For four days, a fine, thick rain had been descending persistently from the low, gray-blanketed sky, and a wet mist rose from the sodden earth to meet it.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The Kaskaskia River, pushed out of its banks by its swollen tributaries, had overflowed all the bottoms, and banked the waters of the bayous up into the hills.

Kaskaskia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Kaskaskia River, pushed out of its banks by its swollen tributaries, had overflowed all the bottoms, and banked the waters of the bayous up into the hills.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Even the reeds, canes, and grasses which ordinarily fringed the bayous, adding something of life and grace, were now submerged.

lowadjectiveUS /loʊ/

less than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading For four days, a fine, thick rain had been descending persistently from the low, gray-blanketed sky, and a wet mist rose from the sodden earth to meet it.

meetverbUS /miːt/

come together

From this reading For four days, a fine, thick rain had been descending persistently from the low, gray-blanketed sky, and a wet mist rose from the sodden earth to meet it.

mistverbUS /mɪst/

become covered with mist

From this reading For four days, a fine, thick rain had been descending persistently from the low, gray-blanketed sky, and a wet mist rose from the sodden earth to meet it.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading The village was surrounded by water on three sides, and from the fort one could see nothing save the dreary waste of still, dull water.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Even the reeds, canes, and grasses which ordinarily fringed the bayous, adding something of life and grace, were now submerged.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The soil reeked with dampness; it oozed from the walls of the stone or stuccoed houses, dripped from the sloping roofs of rambling porches, saturated one's clothes, and permeated one's blood.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The village was surrounded by water on three sides, and from the fort one could see nothing save the dreary waste of still, dull water.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The village was surrounded by water on three sides, and from the fort one could see nothing save the dreary waste of still, dull water.

one's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The soil reeked with dampness; it oozed from the walls of the stone or stuccoed houses, dripped from the sloping roofs of rambling porches, saturated one's clothes, and permeated one's blood.

oozedverbUS /uːzd/

past form of “ooze” — pass gradually or leak through or as if through small openings

From this reading The soil reeked with dampness; it oozed from the walls of the stone or stuccoed houses, dripped from the sloping roofs of rambling porches, saturated one's clothes, and permeated one's blood.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The soil reeked with dampness; it oozed from the walls of the stone or stuccoed houses, dripped from the sloping roofs of rambling porches, saturated one's clothes, and permeated one's blood.

ordinarilyadverbUS /ˌɔːrdəˈnerəli/

under normal conditions

From this reading Even the reeds, canes, and grasses which ordinarily fringed the bayous, adding something of life and grace, were now submerged.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading The Kaskaskia River, pushed out of its banks by its swollen tributaries, had overflowed all the bottoms, and banked the waters of the bayous up into the hills.

overflowedverbUS /ˌoʊvərˈfloʊd/

past form of “overflow” — flow or run over (a limit or brim)

From this reading The Kaskaskia River, pushed out of its banks by its swollen tributaries, had overflowed all the bottoms, and banked the waters of the bayous up into the hills.

permeatedverbUS /ˈpɜːrmieɪtɪd/

past form of “permeate” — spread or diffuse through

From this reading The soil reeked with dampness; it oozed from the walls of the stone or stuccoed houses, dripped from the sloping roofs of rambling porches, saturated one's clothes, and permeated one's blood.

persistentlyadverbUS /pərˈsɪstəntli/

in a persistent manner

From this reading For four days, a fine, thick rain had been descending persistently from the low, gray-blanketed sky, and a wet mist rose from the sodden earth to meet it.

porchesnounUS /ˈpɔːrtʃəz/

plural of “porch” — a structure attached to the exterior of a building often forming a covered entrance

From this reading The soil reeked with dampness; it oozed from the walls of the stone or stuccoed houses, dripped from the sloping roofs of rambling porches, saturated one's clothes, and permeated one's blood.

pushedverbUS /pʊʃt/

past form of “push” — move with force

From this reading The Kaskaskia River, pushed out of its banks by its swollen tributaries, had overflowed all the bottoms, and banked the waters of the bayous up into the hills.

rainnounUS /reɪn/

water falling in drops from vapor condensed in the atmosphere

From this reading For four days, a fine, thick rain had been descending persistently from the low, gray-blanketed sky, and a wet mist rose from the sodden earth to meet it.

ramblingadjectiveUS /ˈræmblɪŋ/

spreading out in different directions or distributed irregularly

From this reading The soil reeked with dampness; it oozed from the walls of the stone or stuccoed houses, dripped from the sloping roofs of rambling porches, saturated one's clothes, and permeated one's blood.

reedsnounUS /riːdz/

plural of “reed” — tall woody perennial grasses with hollow slender stems especially of the genera Arundo and Phragmites

From this reading Even the reeds, canes, and grasses which ordinarily fringed the bayous, adding something of life and grace, were now submerged.

reeked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The soil reeked with dampness; it oozed from the walls of the stone or stuccoed houses, dripped from the sloping roofs of rambling porches, saturated one's clothes, and permeated one's blood.

RivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading The Kaskaskia River, pushed out of its banks by its swollen tributaries, had overflowed all the bottoms, and banked the waters of the bayous up into the hills.

roofsnounUS /ruːfs/

plural of “roof” — a protective covering that covers or forms the top of a building

From this reading The soil reeked with dampness; it oozed from the walls of the stone or stuccoed houses, dripped from the sloping roofs of rambling porches, saturated one's clothes, and permeated one's blood.

rosenounUS /roʊz/

any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading For four days, a fine, thick rain had been descending persistently from the low, gray-blanketed sky, and a wet mist rose from the sodden earth to meet it.

saturatedadjectiveUS /ˈsætʃəreɪtɪd/

being the most concentrated solution possible at a given temperature; unable to dissolve still more of a substance

From this reading The soil reeked with dampness; it oozed from the walls of the stone or stuccoed houses, dripped from the sloping roofs of rambling porches, saturated one's clothes, and permeated one's blood.

saveprepositionUS /seɪv/

except for; apart from

From this reading The village was surrounded by water on three sides, and from the fort one could see nothing save the dreary waste of still, dull water.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading The village was surrounded by water on three sides, and from the fort one could see nothing save the dreary waste of still, dull water.

sidesnounUS /saɪdz/

plural of “side” — a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading The village was surrounded by water on three sides, and from the fort one could see nothing save the dreary waste of still, dull water.

skynounUS /skaɪ/

the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth

From this reading For four days, a fine, thick rain had been descending persistently from the low, gray-blanketed sky, and a wet mist rose from the sodden earth to meet it.

slopingadjectiveUS /ˈsloʊpɪŋ/

having an oblique or slanted direction

From this reading The soil reeked with dampness; it oozed from the walls of the stone or stuccoed houses, dripped from the sloping roofs of rambling porches, saturated one's clothes, and permeated one's blood.

soddenadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːdən/

wet through and through; thoroughly wet

From this reading For four days, a fine, thick rain had been descending persistently from the low, gray-blanketed sky, and a wet mist rose from the sodden earth to meet it.

soilnounUS /sɔɪl/

the state of being covered with unclean things

From this reading The soil reeked with dampness; it oozed from the walls of the stone or stuccoed houses, dripped from the sloping roofs of rambling porches, saturated one's clothes, and permeated one's blood.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading Even the reeds, canes, and grasses which ordinarily fringed the bayous, adding something of life and grace, were now submerged.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading The village was surrounded by water on three sides, and from the fort one could see nothing save the dreary waste of still, dull water.

stonenounUS /stoʊn/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading The soil reeked with dampness; it oozed from the walls of the stone or stuccoed houses, dripped from the sloping roofs of rambling porches, saturated one's clothes, and permeated one's blood.

stuccoedverbUS /ˈstʌkoʊd/

past form of “stucco” — decorate with stucco work

From this reading The soil reeked with dampness; it oozed from the walls of the stone or stuccoed houses, dripped from the sloping roofs of rambling porches, saturated one's clothes, and permeated one's blood.

submergedadjectiveUS /səbˈmɜːrdʒd/

beneath the surface of the water

From this reading Even the reeds, canes, and grasses which ordinarily fringed the bayous, adding something of life and grace, were now submerged.

surroundedadjectiveUS /sərˈaʊndɪd/

confined on all sides

From this reading The village was surrounded by water on three sides, and from the fort one could see nothing save the dreary waste of still, dull water.

swollenadjectiveUS /ˈswoʊlən/

characteristic of false pride; having an exaggerated sense of self-importance

From this reading The Kaskaskia River, pushed out of its banks by its swollen tributaries, had overflowed all the bottoms, and banked the waters of the bayous up into the hills.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading For four days, a fine, thick rain had been descending persistently from the low, gray-blanketed sky, and a wet mist rose from the sodden earth to meet it.

thickadjectiveUS /θɪk/

not thin; of a specific thickness or of relatively great extent from one surface to the opposite usually in the smallest of the three solid dimensions

From this reading For four days, a fine, thick rain had been descending persistently from the low, gray-blanketed sky, and a wet mist rose from the sodden earth to meet it.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading The village was surrounded by water on three sides, and from the fort one could see nothing save the dreary waste of still, dull water.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading For four days, a fine, thick rain had been descending persistently from the low, gray-blanketed sky, and a wet mist rose from the sodden earth to meet it.

tributariesnounUS /ˈtrɪbjəteriz/

plural of “tributary” — a branch that flows into the main stream

From this reading The Kaskaskia River, pushed out of its banks by its swollen tributaries, had overflowed all the bottoms, and banked the waters of the bayous up into the hills.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading The Kaskaskia River, pushed out of its banks by its swollen tributaries, had overflowed all the bottoms, and banked the waters of the bayous up into the hills.

villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading The village was surrounded by water on three sides, and from the fort one could see nothing save the dreary waste of still, dull water.

wallsnounUS /wɔːlz/

plural of “wall” — an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading The soil reeked with dampness; it oozed from the walls of the stone or stuccoed houses, dripped from the sloping roofs of rambling porches, saturated one's clothes, and permeated one's blood.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The village was surrounded by water on three sides, and from the fort one could see nothing save the dreary waste of still, dull water.

wastenounUS /weɪst/

any materials unused and rejected as worthless or unwanted

From this reading The village was surrounded by water on three sides, and from the fort one could see nothing save the dreary waste of still, dull water.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading The village was surrounded by water on three sides, and from the fort one could see nothing save the dreary waste of still, dull water.

watersnounUS /ˈwɔːtərz/

United States actress and singer (1896-1977)

From this reading The Kaskaskia River, pushed out of its banks by its swollen tributaries, had overflowed all the bottoms, and banked the waters of the bayous up into the hills.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Even the reeds, canes, and grasses which ordinarily fringed the bayous, adding something of life and grace, were now submerged.

wetadjectiveUS /wet/

covered or soaked with a liquid such as water

From this reading For four days, a fine, thick rain had been descending persistently from the low, gray-blanketed sky, and a wet mist rose from the sodden earth to meet it.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Even the reeds, canes, and grasses which ordinarily fringed the bayous, adding something of life and grace, were now submerged.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The soil reeked with dampness; it oozed from the walls of the stone or stuccoed houses, dripped from the sloping roofs of rambling porches, saturated one's clothes, and permeated one's blood.

Chapter 21 of Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman by Willie Walker Caldwell holds 131 sentences, grouped into 27 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 21 of Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman contain?

Chapter 21 holds 131 sentences of Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman, unabridged, divided into 27 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 21 of Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman by Willie Walker Caldwell exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 131 sentences, grouped into 27 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 21 of Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman?

Work through the 27 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 27 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 21 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 21 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman

Common questions about reading Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman by Willie Walker Caldwell on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman?

Yes. All 3501 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #36282 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #36282, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman take to read?

About 291 minutes of reading across 701 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman section by section

How to work through Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 31 chapters of Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman

Words and structures a reader meets early in Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Story
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lived
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Earnest
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Active
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.