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Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman
Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman

Chapter XXVII

Chapter 27 of Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman is here in full — 89 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/17 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.
He received me with flattering remembrance of our former meeting, and an unaffected cordiality.
Still more, he pleased me by the letter of introduction he gave me to General Lafayette, together with certain dispatches in which he spoke of me in terms of personal friendship.
Among the dispatches was my special commission to raise reenforcements in the valley, with which I was to join Lafayette's command as promptly as possible.
This was my first meeting with the gallant and elegant Frenchman, under whom I was to serve during the remainder of our struggle.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman

Chapter XXVII

Chapter 27 of Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman is here in full — 89 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/17 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.
/maɪ riˈpɔːrt bʌt kənˈfɜːrmd ˈruːmərz ʌv ðə əˈproʊtʃ ʌv kɔːrnˈwɔːləs wɪtʃ hæd ɔːlˈredi riːtʃt ˈɡʌvərnər ˈdʒefərsən ənd aɪ faʊnd hɪm waɪd əˈweɪk tuː vərˈdʒɪnjəz ˈdeɪndʒər əˈɡenst wɪtʃ hiː wɑːz ˈteɪkɪŋ ˈevəri priˈkɔːʃən hɪz ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd ˈriːsɔːrsɪz əˈlaʊd/
Line 2
He received me with flattering remembrance of our former meeting, and an unaffected cordiality.
Line 3
Still more, he pleased me by the letter of introduction he gave me to General Lafayette, together with certain dispatches in which he spoke of me in terms of personal friendship.
/stɪl mɔːr hiː pliːzd miː baɪ ðə ˈletər ʌv ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃən hiː ɡeɪv miː tuː ˈdʒenərəl ˌlɑːfiˈet təˈɡeðər wɪð ˈsɜːrtən dɪˈspætʃɪz ɪn wɪtʃ hiː spoʊk ʌv miː ɪn tɜːrmz ʌv ˈpɜːrsɪnəl ˈfrendʃɪp/
Line 4
Among the dispatches was my special commission to raise reenforcements in the valley, with which I was to join Lafayette's command as promptly as possible.
Line 5
This was my first meeting with the gallant and elegant Frenchman, under whom I was to serve during the remainder of our struggle.
/ðɪs wɑːz maɪ fɜːrst ˈmiːtɪŋ wɪð ðə ˈɡælənt ənd ˈeləɡənt ˈfrentʃmæn ˈʌndər huːm aɪ wɑːz tuː sɜːrv ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə rɪˈmeɪndər ʌv ˈaʊər ˈstrʌɡəl/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Cornwallis noun US /kɔːrnˈwɔːləs/

commander of the British forces in the American War of Independence; was defeated by American and French troops at Yorktown (1738-1805)

From this reading “My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.”

dispatches noun US /dɪˈspætʃɪz/

plural of “dispatch” — an official report (usually sent in haste)

From this reading “Still more, he pleased me by the letter of introduction he gave me to General Lafayette, together with certain dispatches in which he spoke of me in terms of personal friendship.”

flattering adjective US /ˈflætərɪŋ/

showing or representing to advantage

From this reading “He received me with flattering remembrance of our former meeting, and an unaffected cordiality.”

Jefferson noun US /ˈdʒefərsən/

3rd President of the United States; chief drafter of the Declaration of Independence; made the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 and sent out the Lewis and Clark Expedition to explore it (1743-1826)

From this reading “My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.”

Lafayette noun US /ˌlɑːfiˈet/

French soldier who served under George Washington in the American Revolution (1757-1834)

From this reading “Still more, he pleased me by the letter of introduction he gave me to General Lafayette, together with certain dispatches in which he spoke of me in terms of personal friendship.”

rumors noun US /ˈruːmərz/

plural of “rumor” — gossip (usually a mixture of truth and untruth) passed around by word of mouth

From this reading “My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.”

unaffected adjective US /ˌʌnəˈfektɪd/

undergoing no change when acted upon

From this reading “He received me with flattering remembrance of our former meeting, and an unaffected cordiality.”

Virginia's noun US /vərˈdʒɪnjəz/

possessive form of “virginia” — a state in the eastern United States; one of the original 13 colonies; one of the Confederate States in the American Civil War

From this reading “My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

during the remainder preposition + article + noun counted as “during … remainder”

In this reading “This was my first meeting with the gallant and elegant Frenchman, under whom I was to serve during the remainder of our struggle.”

first meeting adjective + noun

In this reading “This was my first meeting with the gallant and elegant Frenchman, under whom I was to serve during the remainder of our struggle.”

in the valley preposition + article + noun counted as “in … valley”

In this reading “Among the dispatches was my special commission to raise reenforcements in the valley, with which I was to join Lafayette's command as promptly as possible.”

All words in this reading · 85

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

allowedverbUS /əˈlaʊd/

past form of “allow” — make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

AmongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Among the dispatches was my special commission to raise reenforcements in the valley, with which I was to join Lafayette's command as promptly as possible.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading He received me with flattering remembrance of our former meeting, and an unaffected cordiality.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

approachverbUS /əˈproʊtʃ/

move towards

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Among the dispatches was my special commission to raise reenforcements in the valley, with which I was to join Lafayette's command as promptly as possible.

awakeadjectiveUS /əˈweɪk/

not in a state of sleep; completely conscious

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Still more, he pleased me by the letter of introduction he gave me to General Lafayette, together with certain dispatches in which he spoke of me in terms of personal friendship.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading Still more, he pleased me by the letter of introduction he gave me to General Lafayette, together with certain dispatches in which he spoke of me in terms of personal friendship.

commandnounUS /kəˈmænd/

an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading Among the dispatches was my special commission to raise reenforcements in the valley, with which I was to join Lafayette's command as promptly as possible.

commissionnounUS /kəˈmɪʃən/

a special group delegated to consider some matter

From this reading Among the dispatches was my special commission to raise reenforcements in the valley, with which I was to join Lafayette's command as promptly as possible.

confirmedadjectiveUS /kənˈfɜːrmd/

of persons; not subject to change

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

cordialitynoun

a cordial disposition

From this reading He received me with flattering remembrance of our former meeting, and an unaffected cordiality.

CornwallisnounUS /kɔːrnˈwɔːləs/

commander of the British forces in the American War of Independence; was defeated by American and French troops at Yorktown (1738-1805)

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

dangernounUS /ˈdeɪndʒər/

the condition of being susceptible to harm or injury

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

dispatchesnounUS /dɪˈspætʃɪz/

plural of “dispatch” — an official report (usually sent in haste)

From this reading Still more, he pleased me by the letter of introduction he gave me to General Lafayette, together with certain dispatches in which he spoke of me in terms of personal friendship.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading This was my first meeting with the gallant and elegant Frenchman, under whom I was to serve during the remainder of our struggle.

elegantadjectiveUS /ˈeləɡənt/

refined and tasteful in appearance or behavior or style

From this reading This was my first meeting with the gallant and elegant Frenchman, under whom I was to serve during the remainder of our struggle.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

exhaustedadjectiveUS /ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/

drained of energy or effectiveness; extremely tired; completely exhausted

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading This was my first meeting with the gallant and elegant Frenchman, under whom I was to serve during the remainder of our struggle.

flatteringadjectiveUS /ˈflætərɪŋ/

showing or representing to advantage

From this reading He received me with flattering remembrance of our former meeting, and an unaffected cordiality.

formeradjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrmər/

referring to the first of two things or persons mentioned (or the earlier one or ones of several)

From this reading He received me with flattering remembrance of our former meeting, and an unaffected cordiality.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

FrenchmannounUS /ˈfrentʃmæn/

a person of French nationality

From this reading This was my first meeting with the gallant and elegant Frenchman, under whom I was to serve during the remainder of our struggle.

friendshipnounUS /ˈfrendʃɪp/

the state of being friends (or friendly)

From this reading Still more, he pleased me by the letter of introduction he gave me to General Lafayette, together with certain dispatches in which he spoke of me in terms of personal friendship.

gallantadjectiveUS /ˈɡælənt/

unflinching in battle or action

From this reading This was my first meeting with the gallant and elegant Frenchman, under whom I was to serve during the remainder of our struggle.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading Still more, he pleased me by the letter of introduction he gave me to General Lafayette, together with certain dispatches in which he spoke of me in terms of personal friendship.

GeneraladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading Still more, he pleased me by the letter of introduction he gave me to General Lafayette, together with certain dispatches in which he spoke of me in terms of personal friendship.

GovernornounUS /ˈɡʌvərnər/

the head of a state government

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Still more, he pleased me by the letter of introduction he gave me to General Lafayette, together with certain dispatches in which he spoke of me in terms of personal friendship.

introductionnounUS /ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃən/

the act of beginning something new

From this reading Still more, he pleased me by the letter of introduction he gave me to General Lafayette, together with certain dispatches in which he spoke of me in terms of personal friendship.

JeffersonnounUS /ˈdʒefərsən/

3rd President of the United States; chief drafter of the Declaration of Independence; made the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 and sent out the Lewis and Clark Expedition to explore it (1743-1826)

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

joinverbUS /dʒɔɪn/

become part of; become a member of a group or organization

From this reading Among the dispatches was my special commission to raise reenforcements in the valley, with which I was to join Lafayette's command as promptly as possible.

LafayettenounUS /ˌlɑːfiˈet/

French soldier who served under George Washington in the American Revolution (1757-1834)

From this reading Still more, he pleased me by the letter of introduction he gave me to General Lafayette, together with certain dispatches in which he spoke of me in terms of personal friendship.

Lafayette's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among the dispatches was my special commission to raise reenforcements in the valley, with which I was to join Lafayette's command as promptly as possible.

letternounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading Still more, he pleased me by the letter of introduction he gave me to General Lafayette, together with certain dispatches in which he spoke of me in terms of personal friendship.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He received me with flattering remembrance of our former meeting, and an unaffected cordiality.

meetingnounUS /ˈmiːtɪŋ/

a formally arranged gathering

From this reading He received me with flattering remembrance of our former meeting, and an unaffected cordiality.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Still more, he pleased me by the letter of introduction he gave me to General Lafayette, together with certain dispatches in which he spoke of me in terms of personal friendship.

MydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading He received me with flattering remembrance of our former meeting, and an unaffected cordiality.

personaladjectiveUS /ˈpɜːrsɪnəl/

concerning or affecting a particular person or his or her private life and personality

From this reading Still more, he pleased me by the letter of introduction he gave me to General Lafayette, together with certain dispatches in which he spoke of me in terms of personal friendship.

pleasedadjectiveUS /pliːzd/

experiencing or manifesting pleasure

From this reading Still more, he pleased me by the letter of introduction he gave me to General Lafayette, together with certain dispatches in which he spoke of me in terms of personal friendship.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading Among the dispatches was my special commission to raise reenforcements in the valley, with which I was to join Lafayette's command as promptly as possible.

precautionnounUS /priˈkɔːʃən/

a precautionary measure warding off impending danger or damage or injury etc.

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

promptlyadverbUS /ˈprɑːmptli/

with little or no delay

From this reading Among the dispatches was my special commission to raise reenforcements in the valley, with which I was to join Lafayette's command as promptly as possible.

raiseverbUS /reɪz/

raise the level or amount of something

From this reading Among the dispatches was my special commission to raise reenforcements in the valley, with which I was to join Lafayette's command as promptly as possible.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading He received me with flattering remembrance of our former meeting, and an unaffected cordiality.

reenforcements

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among the dispatches was my special commission to raise reenforcements in the valley, with which I was to join Lafayette's command as promptly as possible.

remaindernounUS /rɪˈmeɪndər/

something left after other parts have been taken away

From this reading This was my first meeting with the gallant and elegant Frenchman, under whom I was to serve during the remainder of our struggle.

remembrancenounUS /riˈmembrəns/

the ability to recall past occurrences

From this reading He received me with flattering remembrance of our former meeting, and an unaffected cordiality.

reportverbUS /riˈpɔːrt/

to give an account or representation of in words

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

resourcesnounUS /ˈriːsɔːrsɪz/

plural of “resource” — available source of wealth; a new or reserve supply that can be drawn upon when needed

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

rumorsnounUS /ˈruːmərz/

plural of “rumor” — gossip (usually a mixture of truth and untruth) passed around by word of mouth

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

serveverbUS /sɜːrv/

serve a purpose, role, or function

From this reading This was my first meeting with the gallant and elegant Frenchman, under whom I was to serve during the remainder of our struggle.

specialadjectiveUS /ˈspeʃəl/

unique or specific to a person or thing or category

From this reading Among the dispatches was my special commission to raise reenforcements in the valley, with which I was to join Lafayette's command as promptly as possible.

spokenounUS /spoʊk/

support consisting of a radial member of a wheel joining the hub to the rim

From this reading Still more, he pleased me by the letter of introduction he gave me to General Lafayette, together with certain dispatches in which he spoke of me in terms of personal friendship.

StilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading Still more, he pleased me by the letter of introduction he gave me to General Lafayette, together with certain dispatches in which he spoke of me in terms of personal friendship.

struggleverbUS /ˈstrʌɡəl/

make a strenuous or labored effort

From this reading This was my first meeting with the gallant and elegant Frenchman, under whom I was to serve during the remainder of our struggle.

takingnounUS /ˈteɪkɪŋ/

the act of someone who picks up or takes something

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

termsnounUS /tɜːrmz/

status with respect to the relations between people or groups

From this reading Still more, he pleased me by the letter of introduction he gave me to General Lafayette, together with certain dispatches in which he spoke of me in terms of personal friendship.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This was my first meeting with the gallant and elegant Frenchman, under whom I was to serve during the remainder of our struggle.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading Still more, he pleased me by the letter of introduction he gave me to General Lafayette, together with certain dispatches in which he spoke of me in terms of personal friendship.

unaffectedadjectiveUS /ˌʌnəˈfektɪd/

undergoing no change when acted upon

From this reading He received me with flattering remembrance of our former meeting, and an unaffected cordiality.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading This was my first meeting with the gallant and elegant Frenchman, under whom I was to serve during the remainder of our struggle.

valleynounUS /ˈvæli/

a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading Among the dispatches was my special commission to raise reenforcements in the valley, with which I was to join Lafayette's command as promptly as possible.

Virginia'snounUS /vərˈdʒɪnjəz/

possessive form of “virginia” — a state in the eastern United States; one of the original 13 colonies; one of the Confederate States in the American Civil War

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading This was my first meeting with the gallant and elegant Frenchman, under whom I was to serve during the remainder of our struggle.

wideadjectiveUS /waɪd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading My report but confirmed rumors of the approach of Cornwallis which had already reached Governor Jefferson, and I found him wide awake to Virginia's danger, against which he was taking every precaution his exhausted resources allowed.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He received me with flattering remembrance of our former meeting, and an unaffected cordiality.

Chapter 27 of Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman by Willie Walker Caldwell holds 89 sentences, grouped into 18 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 27 of Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman contain?

Chapter 27 holds 89 sentences of Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman, unabridged, divided into 18 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 27 of Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman by Willie Walker Caldwell exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 89 sentences, grouped into 18 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 27 of Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman?

Work through the 18 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 18 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 27 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 27 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman

Common questions about reading Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman by Willie Walker Caldwell on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman?

Yes. All 3501 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #36282 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #36282, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman take to read?

About 291 minutes of reading across 701 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman section by section

How to work through Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 31 chapters of Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman

Words and structures a reader meets early in Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Story
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lived
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Earnest
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Active
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Donald McElroy, Scotch Irishman; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.