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Down South
Down South

Chapter XV · Chapter 15

Chapter 15 of Down South is here in full — 127 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/25 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A WAR OF WORDS.
Washburn had reported to me that, while I was dining with the passengers in the cabin, Griffin Leeds had gone into the pilot-house and had a short interview with Cornwood.
Of course we used the octoroon as a waiter; and even Gopher took a hand at the same occupation, for he liked to hear what the party said about the dinner.
Griffin must have taken the time while the waiters were clearing the tables for the last course, or while the gentlemen were amusing themselves with the American custom of making speeches.
In either case, it was almost a sin for a waiter to leave his post.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Down South

Chapter XV · Chapter 15

Chapter 15 of Down South is here in full — 127 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/25 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A WAR OF WORDS.
/ə wɔːr ʌv wɜːrdz/
Line 2
Washburn had reported to me that, while I was dining with the passengers in the cabin, Griffin Leeds had gone into the pilot-house and had a short interview with Cornwood.
Line 3
Of course we used the octoroon as a waiter; and even Gopher took a hand at the same occupation, for he liked to hear what the party said about the dinner.
Line 4
Griffin must have taken the time while the waiters were clearing the tables for the last course, or while the gentlemen were amusing themselves with the American custom of making speeches.
/ˈɡrɪfɪn mʌst hæv ˈteɪkən ðə taɪm waɪl ðə ˈweɪtərz wɜːr ˈklɪrɪŋ ðə ˈteɪbəlz fɔːr ðə læst kɔːrs ɔːr waɪl ðə ˈdʒentəlmɪn wɜːr əˈmjuːzɪŋ ðemˈselvz wɪð ðə əˈmerəkən ˈkʌstəm ʌv ˈmeɪkɪŋ ˈspiːtʃəz/
Line 5
In either case, it was almost a sin for a waiter to leave his post.
/ɪn ˈiːðər keɪs ɪt wɑːz ˈɔːlmoʊst ə sɪn fɔːr ə ˈweɪtər tuː liːv hɪz poʊst/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

clearing noun US /ˈklɪrɪŋ/

a tract of land with few or no trees in the middle of a wooded area

From this reading “Griffin must have taken the time while the waiters were clearing the tables for the last course, or while the gentlemen were amusing themselves with the American custom of making speeches.”

dining noun US /ˈdaɪnɪŋ/

the act of eating dinner

From this reading “Washburn had reported to me that, while I was dining with the passengers in the cabin, Griffin Leeds had gone into the pilot-house and had a short interview with Cornwood.”

Gopher noun US /ˈɡoʊfər/

a zealously energetic person (especially a salesman)

From this reading “Of course we used the octoroon as a waiter; and even Gopher took a hand at the same occupation, for he liked to hear what the party said about the dinner.”

Griffin noun US /ˈɡrɪfɪn/

winged monster with the head of an eagle and the body of a lion

From this reading “Washburn had reported to me that, while I was dining with the passengers in the cabin, Griffin Leeds had gone into the pilot-house and had a short interview with Cornwood.”

Leeds noun US /liːdz/

a city on the River Aire in West Yorkshire in northern England; a center of the clothing industry

From this reading “Washburn had reported to me that, while I was dining with the passengers in the cabin, Griffin Leeds had gone into the pilot-house and had a short interview with Cornwood.”

speeches noun US /ˈspiːtʃəz/

plural of “speech” — the act of delivering a formal spoken communication to an audience

From this reading “Griffin must have taken the time while the waiters were clearing the tables for the last course, or while the gentlemen were amusing themselves with the American custom of making speeches.”

waiter noun US /ˈweɪtər/

a person whose occupation is to serve at table (as in a restaurant)

From this reading “Of course we used the octoroon as a waiter; and even Gopher took a hand at the same occupation, for he liked to hear what the party said about the dinner.”

waiters noun US /ˈweɪtərz/

plural of “waiter” — a person whose occupation is to serve at table (as in a restaurant)

From this reading “Griffin must have taken the time while the waiters were clearing the tables for the last course, or while the gentlemen were amusing themselves with the American custom of making speeches.”

All words in this reading · 75

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A WAR OF WORDS.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Of course we used the octoroon as a waiter; and even Gopher took a hand at the same occupation, for he liked to hear what the party said about the dinner.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading In either case, it was almost a sin for a waiter to leave his post.

AmericannounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading Griffin must have taken the time while the waiters were clearing the tables for the last course, or while the gentlemen were amusing themselves with the American custom of making speeches.

amusingadjectiveUS /əˈmjuːzɪŋ/

providing enjoyment; pleasantly entertaining

From this reading Griffin must have taken the time while the waiters were clearing the tables for the last course, or while the gentlemen were amusing themselves with the American custom of making speeches.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Washburn had reported to me that, while I was dining with the passengers in the cabin, Griffin Leeds had gone into the pilot-house and had a short interview with Cornwood.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Of course we used the octoroon as a waiter; and even Gopher took a hand at the same occupation, for he liked to hear what the party said about the dinner.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Of course we used the octoroon as a waiter; and even Gopher took a hand at the same occupation, for he liked to hear what the party said about the dinner.

cabinnounUS /ˈkæbən/

small room on a ship or boat where people sleep

From this reading Washburn had reported to me that, while I was dining with the passengers in the cabin, Griffin Leeds had gone into the pilot-house and had a short interview with Cornwood.

casenounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading In either case, it was almost a sin for a waiter to leave his post.

clearingnounUS /ˈklɪrɪŋ/

a tract of land with few or no trees in the middle of a wooded area

From this reading Griffin must have taken the time while the waiters were clearing the tables for the last course, or while the gentlemen were amusing themselves with the American custom of making speeches.

Cornwood

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Washburn had reported to me that, while I was dining with the passengers in the cabin, Griffin Leeds had gone into the pilot-house and had a short interview with Cornwood.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading Of course we used the octoroon as a waiter; and even Gopher took a hand at the same occupation, for he liked to hear what the party said about the dinner.

customnounUS /ˈkʌstəm/

accepted or habitual practice

From this reading Griffin must have taken the time while the waiters were clearing the tables for the last course, or while the gentlemen were amusing themselves with the American custom of making speeches.

diningnounUS /ˈdaɪnɪŋ/

the act of eating dinner

From this reading Washburn had reported to me that, while I was dining with the passengers in the cabin, Griffin Leeds had gone into the pilot-house and had a short interview with Cornwood.

dinnernounUS /ˈdɪnər/

the main meal of the day served in the evening or at midday

From this reading Of course we used the octoroon as a waiter; and even Gopher took a hand at the same occupation, for he liked to hear what the party said about the dinner.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading In either case, it was almost a sin for a waiter to leave his post.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading Of course we used the octoroon as a waiter; and even Gopher took a hand at the same occupation, for he liked to hear what the party said about the dinner.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Of course we used the octoroon as a waiter; and even Gopher took a hand at the same occupation, for he liked to hear what the party said about the dinner.

gentlemennounUS /ˈdʒentəlmɪn/

plural of “gentleman” — a man of refinement

From this reading Griffin must have taken the time while the waiters were clearing the tables for the last course, or while the gentlemen were amusing themselves with the American custom of making speeches.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading Washburn had reported to me that, while I was dining with the passengers in the cabin, Griffin Leeds had gone into the pilot-house and had a short interview with Cornwood.

GophernounUS /ˈɡoʊfər/

a zealously energetic person (especially a salesman)

From this reading Of course we used the octoroon as a waiter; and even Gopher took a hand at the same occupation, for he liked to hear what the party said about the dinner.

GriffinnounUS /ˈɡrɪfɪn/

winged monster with the head of an eagle and the body of a lion

From this reading Washburn had reported to me that, while I was dining with the passengers in the cabin, Griffin Leeds had gone into the pilot-house and had a short interview with Cornwood.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Washburn had reported to me that, while I was dining with the passengers in the cabin, Griffin Leeds had gone into the pilot-house and had a short interview with Cornwood.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading Of course we used the octoroon as a waiter; and even Gopher took a hand at the same occupation, for he liked to hear what the party said about the dinner.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Griffin must have taken the time while the waiters were clearing the tables for the last course, or while the gentlemen were amusing themselves with the American custom of making speeches.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Of course we used the octoroon as a waiter; and even Gopher took a hand at the same occupation, for he liked to hear what the party said about the dinner.

hearverbUS /hiːr/

perceive (sound) via the auditory sense

From this reading Of course we used the octoroon as a waiter; and even Gopher took a hand at the same occupation, for he liked to hear what the party said about the dinner.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading In either case, it was almost a sin for a waiter to leave his post.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Washburn had reported to me that, while I was dining with the passengers in the cabin, Griffin Leeds had gone into the pilot-house and had a short interview with Cornwood.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Washburn had reported to me that, while I was dining with the passengers in the cabin, Griffin Leeds had gone into the pilot-house and had a short interview with Cornwood.

interviewverbUS /ˈɪntərvjuː/

conduct an interview in television, newspaper, and radio reporting

From this reading Washburn had reported to me that, while I was dining with the passengers in the cabin, Griffin Leeds had gone into the pilot-house and had a short interview with Cornwood.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Washburn had reported to me that, while I was dining with the passengers in the cabin, Griffin Leeds had gone into the pilot-house and had a short interview with Cornwood.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading In either case, it was almost a sin for a waiter to leave his post.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading Griffin must have taken the time while the waiters were clearing the tables for the last course, or while the gentlemen were amusing themselves with the American custom of making speeches.

leaveverbUS /liːv/

go away from a place

From this reading In either case, it was almost a sin for a waiter to leave his post.

LeedsnounUS /liːdz/

a city on the River Aire in West Yorkshire in northern England; a center of the clothing industry

From this reading Washburn had reported to me that, while I was dining with the passengers in the cabin, Griffin Leeds had gone into the pilot-house and had a short interview with Cornwood.

likedadjectiveUS /laɪkt/

found pleasant or attractive; often used as a combining form

From this reading Of course we used the octoroon as a waiter; and even Gopher took a hand at the same occupation, for he liked to hear what the party said about the dinner.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading Griffin must have taken the time while the waiters were clearing the tables for the last course, or while the gentlemen were amusing themselves with the American custom of making speeches.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Washburn had reported to me that, while I was dining with the passengers in the cabin, Griffin Leeds had gone into the pilot-house and had a short interview with Cornwood.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading Griffin must have taken the time while the waiters were clearing the tables for the last course, or while the gentlemen were amusing themselves with the American custom of making speeches.

occupationnounUS /ˌɑːkjəˈpeɪʃən/

the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money

From this reading Of course we used the octoroon as a waiter; and even Gopher took a hand at the same occupation, for he liked to hear what the party said about the dinner.

octoroonnoun

an offspring of a quadroon and a white parent; a person who is one-eighth black

From this reading Of course we used the octoroon as a waiter; and even Gopher took a hand at the same occupation, for he liked to hear what the party said about the dinner.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A WAR OF WORDS.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Griffin must have taken the time while the waiters were clearing the tables for the last course, or while the gentlemen were amusing themselves with the American custom of making speeches.

partynounUS /ˈpɑːrti/

an organization to gain political power

From this reading Of course we used the octoroon as a waiter; and even Gopher took a hand at the same occupation, for he liked to hear what the party said about the dinner.

passengersnounUS /ˈpæsəndʒərz/

plural of “passenger” — a traveler riding in a vehicle (a boat or bus or car or plane or train etc) who is not operating it

From this reading Washburn had reported to me that, while I was dining with the passengers in the cabin, Griffin Leeds had gone into the pilot-house and had a short interview with Cornwood.

pilot-house

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Washburn had reported to me that, while I was dining with the passengers in the cabin, Griffin Leeds had gone into the pilot-house and had a short interview with Cornwood.

postverbUS /poʊst/

affix in a public place or for public notice

From this reading In either case, it was almost a sin for a waiter to leave his post.

reportedadjectiveUS /ˌriːˈpɔːrtɪd/

made known or told about; especially presented in a formal account

From this reading Washburn had reported to me that, while I was dining with the passengers in the cabin, Griffin Leeds had gone into the pilot-house and had a short interview with Cornwood.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading Of course we used the octoroon as a waiter; and even Gopher took a hand at the same occupation, for he liked to hear what the party said about the dinner.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading Of course we used the octoroon as a waiter; and even Gopher took a hand at the same occupation, for he liked to hear what the party said about the dinner.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading Washburn had reported to me that, while I was dining with the passengers in the cabin, Griffin Leeds had gone into the pilot-house and had a short interview with Cornwood.

sinnounUS /sɪn/

estrangement from god

From this reading In either case, it was almost a sin for a waiter to leave his post.

speechesnounUS /ˈspiːtʃəz/

plural of “speech” — the act of delivering a formal spoken communication to an audience

From this reading Griffin must have taken the time while the waiters were clearing the tables for the last course, or while the gentlemen were amusing themselves with the American custom of making speeches.

tablesnounUS /ˈteɪbəlz/

plural of “table” — a set of data arranged in rows and columns

From this reading Griffin must have taken the time while the waiters were clearing the tables for the last course, or while the gentlemen were amusing themselves with the American custom of making speeches.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading Griffin must have taken the time while the waiters were clearing the tables for the last course, or while the gentlemen were amusing themselves with the American custom of making speeches.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Washburn had reported to me that, while I was dining with the passengers in the cabin, Griffin Leeds had gone into the pilot-house and had a short interview with Cornwood.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Washburn had reported to me that, while I was dining with the passengers in the cabin, Griffin Leeds had gone into the pilot-house and had a short interview with Cornwood.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading Griffin must have taken the time while the waiters were clearing the tables for the last course, or while the gentlemen were amusing themselves with the American custom of making speeches.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Griffin must have taken the time while the waiters were clearing the tables for the last course, or while the gentlemen were amusing themselves with the American custom of making speeches.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Washburn had reported to me that, while I was dining with the passengers in the cabin, Griffin Leeds had gone into the pilot-house and had a short interview with Cornwood.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading Of course we used the octoroon as a waiter; and even Gopher took a hand at the same occupation, for he liked to hear what the party said about the dinner.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading Of course we used the octoroon as a waiter; and even Gopher took a hand at the same occupation, for he liked to hear what the party said about the dinner.

waiternounUS /ˈweɪtər/

a person whose occupation is to serve at table (as in a restaurant)

From this reading Of course we used the octoroon as a waiter; and even Gopher took a hand at the same occupation, for he liked to hear what the party said about the dinner.

waitersnounUS /ˈweɪtərz/

plural of “waiter” — a person whose occupation is to serve at table (as in a restaurant)

From this reading Griffin must have taken the time while the waiters were clearing the tables for the last course, or while the gentlemen were amusing themselves with the American custom of making speeches.

WARnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading A WAR OF WORDS.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Washburn had reported to me that, while I was dining with the passengers in the cabin, Griffin Leeds had gone into the pilot-house and had a short interview with Cornwood.

Washburn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Washburn had reported to me that, while I was dining with the passengers in the cabin, Griffin Leeds had gone into the pilot-house and had a short interview with Cornwood.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Of course we used the octoroon as a waiter; and even Gopher took a hand at the same occupation, for he liked to hear what the party said about the dinner.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Griffin must have taken the time while the waiters were clearing the tables for the last course, or while the gentlemen were amusing themselves with the American custom of making speeches.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Of course we used the octoroon as a waiter; and even Gopher took a hand at the same occupation, for he liked to hear what the party said about the dinner.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading Washburn had reported to me that, while I was dining with the passengers in the cabin, Griffin Leeds had gone into the pilot-house and had a short interview with Cornwood.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Washburn had reported to me that, while I was dining with the passengers in the cabin, Griffin Leeds had gone into the pilot-house and had a short interview with Cornwood.

WORDSnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading A WAR OF WORDS.

Chapter 15 of Down South by Oliver Optic holds 127 sentences, grouped into 26 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 15 of Down South contain?

Chapter 15 holds 127 sentences of Down South, unabridged, divided into 26 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 15 of Down South by Oliver Optic exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 127 sentences, grouped into 26 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 15 of Down South?

Work through the 26 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 26 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 15 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 15 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Down South

Common questions about reading Down South by Oliver Optic on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Down South?

Yes. All 3543 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #24554 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Down South is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #24554, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Down South take to read?

About 295 minutes of reading across 709 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Down South section by section

How to work through Down South section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 30 chapters of Down South to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Down South

Words and structures a reader meets early in Down South, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Great
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Down South; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Western
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Down South; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Series
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Down South; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Going
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Down South; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.