Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Down South
Down South

Chapter XVII · Chapter 17

Chapter 17 of Down South is here in full — 97 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Down South
Context Illustration Reading 1/19 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
POOR GRIFF AND HIS COUNSEL.
"Surely, Captain Garningham, you cannot mean to hand the man over to the police for getting into a common brawl," said Cornwood, when I had given my order.
"We don't allow brawls on board this steamer.
This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.
"But this was simply a misunderstanding between the men; and both of them will be as good friends as ever before morning," pleaded Cornwood.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Down South

Chapter XVII · Chapter 17

Chapter 17 of Down South is here in full — 97 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/19 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
POOR GRIFF AND HIS COUNSEL.
Line 2
"Surely, Captain Garningham, you cannot mean to hand the man over to the police for getting into a common brawl," said Cornwood, when I had given my order.
Line 3
"We don't allow brawls on board this steamer.
Line 4
This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.
Line 5
"But this was simply a misunderstanding between the men; and both of them will be as good friends as ever before morning," pleaded Cornwood.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

brawl noun US /brɔːl/

an uproarious party

From this reading “"Surely, Captain Garningham, you cannot mean to hand the man over to the police for getting into a common brawl," said Cornwood, when I had given my order.”

brawls noun US /brɔːlz/

plural of “brawl” — an uproarious party

From this reading “"We don't allow brawls on board this steamer.”

culprit noun US /ˈkʌlprɪt/

someone who perpetrates wrongdoing

From this reading “This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.”

debating verb US /dəˈbeɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “debate” — argue with one another

From this reading “This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.”

decks noun US /deks/

plural of “deck” — any of various platforms built into a vessel

From this reading “This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.”

eavesdropping verb US /ˈiːvzdrɑːpɪŋ/

inflected form of “eavesdrop” — listen without the speaker's knowledge

From this reading “This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.”

Floridian noun US /flɔːˈrɪdiən/

a native or resident of Florida

From this reading “This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.”

misunderstanding noun US /ˌmɪsəndərˈstændɪŋ/

putting the wrong interpretation on

From this reading “"But this was simply a misunderstanding between the men; and both of them will be as good friends as ever before morning," pleaded Cornwood.”

All words in this reading · 88

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "Surely, Captain Garningham, you cannot mean to hand the man over to the police for getting into a common brawl," said Cornwood, when I had given my order.

allowverbUS /əˈlaʊ/

make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading "We don't allow brawls on board this steamer.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading POOR GRIFF AND HIS COUNSEL.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading "But this was simply a misunderstanding between the men; and both of them will be as good friends as ever before morning," pleaded Cornwood.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading "But this was simply a misunderstanding between the men; and both of them will be as good friends as ever before morning," pleaded Cornwood.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading "But this was simply a misunderstanding between the men; and both of them will be as good friends as ever before morning," pleaded Cornwood.

boardnounUS /bɔːrd/

a committee having supervisory powers

From this reading "We don't allow brawls on board this steamer.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading "But this was simply a misunderstanding between the men; and both of them will be as good friends as ever before morning," pleaded Cornwood.

brawlnounUS /brɔːl/

an uproarious party

From this reading "Surely, Captain Garningham, you cannot mean to hand the man over to the police for getting into a common brawl," said Cornwood, when I had given my order.

brawlsnounUS /brɔːlz/

plural of “brawl” — an uproarious party

From this reading "We don't allow brawls on board this steamer.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading "But this was simply a misunderstanding between the men; and both of them will be as good friends as ever before morning," pleaded Cornwood.

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Surely, Captain Garningham, you cannot mean to hand the man over to the police for getting into a common brawl," said Cornwood, when I had given my order.

CaptainnounUS /ˈkæptən/

an officer holding a rank below a major but above a lieutenant

From this reading "Surely, Captain Garningham, you cannot mean to hand the man over to the police for getting into a common brawl," said Cornwood, when I had given my order.

commonadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmən/

belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public

From this reading "Surely, Captain Garningham, you cannot mean to hand the man over to the police for getting into a common brawl," said Cornwood, when I had given my order.

Cornwood

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Surely, Captain Garningham, you cannot mean to hand the man over to the police for getting into a common brawl," said Cornwood, when I had given my order.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

COUNSELnounUS /ˈkaʊnsəl/

a lawyer who pleads cases in court

From this reading POOR GRIFF AND HIS COUNSEL.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

culpritnounUS /ˈkʌlprɪt/

someone who perpetrates wrongdoing

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

debatingverbUS /dəˈbeɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “debate” — argue with one another

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

decksnounUS /deks/

plural of “deck” — any of various platforms built into a vessel

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

dischargeverbUS /dɪsˈtʃɑːrdʒ/

complete or carry out

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

don't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "We don't allow brawls on board this steamer.

eavesdroppingverbUS /ˈiːvzdrɑːpɪŋ/

inflected form of “eavesdrop” — listen without the speaker's knowledge

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

FloridiannounUS /flɔːˈrɪdiən/

a native or resident of Florida

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading "Surely, Captain Garningham, you cannot mean to hand the man over to the police for getting into a common brawl," said Cornwood, when I had given my order.

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading "But this was simply a misunderstanding between the men; and both of them will be as good friends as ever before morning," pleaded Cornwood.

Garningham

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Surely, Captain Garningham, you cannot mean to hand the man over to the police for getting into a common brawl," said Cornwood, when I had given my order.

gettingnounUS /ˈɡetɪŋ/

the act of acquiring something

From this reading "Surely, Captain Garningham, you cannot mean to hand the man over to the police for getting into a common brawl," said Cornwood, when I had given my order.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading "Surely, Captain Garningham, you cannot mean to hand the man over to the police for getting into a common brawl," said Cornwood, when I had given my order.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading "But this was simply a misunderstanding between the men; and both of them will be as good friends as ever before morning," pleaded Cornwood.

GRIFF

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading POOR GRIFF AND HIS COUNSEL.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading "Surely, Captain Garningham, you cannot mean to hand the man over to the police for getting into a common brawl," said Cornwood, when I had given my order.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading "Surely, Captain Garningham, you cannot mean to hand the man over to the police for getting into a common brawl," said Cornwood, when I had given my order.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

HISdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading POOR GRIFF AND HIS COUNSEL.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "Surely, Captain Garningham, you cannot mean to hand the man over to the police for getting into a common brawl," said Cornwood, when I had given my order.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading "Surely, Captain Garningham, you cannot mean to hand the man over to the police for getting into a common brawl," said Cornwood, when I had given my order.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading "Surely, Captain Garningham, you cannot mean to hand the man over to the police for getting into a common brawl," said Cornwood, when I had given my order.

meanverbUS /miːn/

mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading "Surely, Captain Garningham, you cannot mean to hand the man over to the police for getting into a common brawl," said Cornwood, when I had given my order.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading "But this was simply a misunderstanding between the men; and both of them will be as good friends as ever before morning," pleaded Cornwood.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

misunderstandingnounUS /ˌmɪsəndərˈstændɪŋ/

putting the wrong interpretation on

From this reading "But this was simply a misunderstanding between the men; and both of them will be as good friends as ever before morning," pleaded Cornwood.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading "But this was simply a misunderstanding between the men; and both of them will be as good friends as ever before morning," pleaded Cornwood.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading "Surely, Captain Garningham, you cannot mean to hand the man over to the police for getting into a common brawl," said Cornwood, when I had given my order.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

occurredverbUS /əˈkɜːrd/

inflected form of “occur” — come to pass

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

octoroon's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading "We don't allow brawls on board this steamer.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading "Surely, Captain Garningham, you cannot mean to hand the man over to the police for getting into a common brawl," said Cornwood, when I had given my order.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading "Surely, Captain Garningham, you cannot mean to hand the man over to the police for getting into a common brawl," said Cornwood, when I had given my order.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

pleadedverbUS /ˈpliːdɪd/

past form of “plead” — appeal or request earnestly

From this reading "But this was simply a misunderstanding between the men; and both of them will be as good friends as ever before morning," pleaded Cornwood.

policenounUS /pəˈliːs/

the force of policemen and officers

From this reading "Surely, Captain Garningham, you cannot mean to hand the man over to the police for getting into a common brawl," said Cornwood, when I had given my order.

POORadjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading POOR GRIFF AND HIS COUNSEL.

principalnounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəl/

the original amount of a debt on which interest is calculated

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

proveverbUS /pruːv/

be shown or be found to be

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

realadjectiveUS /riːl/

being or occurring in fact or actuality; having verified existence; not illusory

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

repliedverbUS /rɪˈplaɪd/

inflected form of “reply” — react verbally

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "Surely, Captain Garningham, you cannot mean to hand the man over to the police for getting into a common brawl," said Cornwood, when I had given my order.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

simplyadverbUS /ˈsɪmpli/

and nothing more

From this reading "But this was simply a misunderstanding between the men; and both of them will be as good friends as ever before morning," pleaded Cornwood.

steamernounUS /ˈstiːmər/

a clam that is usually steamed in the shell

From this reading "We don't allow brawls on board this steamer.

SurelyadverbUS /ˈʃʊrli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading "Surely, Captain Garningham, you cannot mean to hand the man over to the police for getting into a common brawl," said Cornwood, when I had given my order.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "Surely, Captain Garningham, you cannot mean to hand the man over to the police for getting into a common brawl," said Cornwood, when I had given my order.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading "But this was simply a misunderstanding between the men; and both of them will be as good friends as ever before morning," pleaded Cornwood.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading "We don't allow brawls on board this steamer.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "Surely, Captain Garningham, you cannot mean to hand the man over to the police for getting into a common brawl," said Cornwood, when I had given my order.

vesselnounUS /ˈvesəl/

a tube in which a body fluid circulates

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading "We don't allow brawls on board this steamer.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading "Surely, Captain Garningham, you cannot mean to hand the man over to the police for getting into a common brawl," said Cornwood, when I had given my order.

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading This is the first one that ever occurred on the decks of this vessel," I replied, debating in my own mind whether or not I should discharge the Floridian, who seemed to be the real culprit, though of course I could not prove that he was the octoroon's principal in the business of eavesdropping.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading "But this was simply a misunderstanding between the men; and both of them will be as good friends as ever before morning," pleaded Cornwood.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "Surely, Captain Garningham, you cannot mean to hand the man over to the police for getting into a common brawl," said Cornwood, when I had given my order.

Chapter 17 of Down South by Oliver Optic holds 97 sentences, grouped into 20 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 17 of Down South contain?

Chapter 17 holds 97 sentences of Down South, unabridged, divided into 20 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 17 of Down South by Oliver Optic exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 97 sentences, grouped into 20 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 17 of Down South?

Work through the 20 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 20 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 17 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 17 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Down South

Common questions about reading Down South by Oliver Optic on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Down South?

Yes. All 3543 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #24554 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Down South is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #24554, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Down South take to read?

About 295 minutes of reading across 709 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Down South section by section

How to work through Down South section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 30 chapters of Down South to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Down South

Words and structures a reader meets early in Down South, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Great
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Down South; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Western
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Down South; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Series
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Down South; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Going
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Down South; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.