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Down South
Down South

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of Down South is here in full — 110 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/22 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
DIFFICULTIES IN THE WAY OF DEPARTURE.
Except in Jacksonville, there was no market on the St. Johns River; and Mr. Peeks had been not a little disturbed in relation to the culinary department of the Sylvania.
He could not go on shore at the villages on the river, and buy what he wanted; but with several steamers every day going up to Pilatka, and several every week going up the Ocklawaha, I assured him he would have no difficulty about feeding his passengers.
He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.
In spite of the general belief in the dampness of a Florida atmosphere, I learned that meats would keep longer than in Michigan.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Down South

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of Down South is here in full — 110 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/22 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
DIFFICULTIES IN THE WAY OF DEPARTURE.
/ˈdɪfəkəltiz ɪn ðə weɪ ʌv dɪˈpɑːrtʃər/
Line 2
Except in Jacksonville, there was no market on the St. Johns River; and Mr. Peeks had been not a little disturbed in relation to the culinary department of the Sylvania.
Line 3
He could not go on shore at the villages on the river, and buy what he wanted; but with several steamers every day going up to Pilatka, and several every week going up the Ocklawaha, I assured him he would have no difficulty about feeding his passengers.
Line 4
He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.
/hiː meɪd æn ərˈeɪndʒmənt wɪð ðə ˈkiːpər ʌv ðə stɔːl wer hiː hæd əbˈteɪnd hɪz best miːts tuː ˈfɔːrwərd tuː hɪm ɑːn hɪz ˈɔːrdər sʌtʃ səˈplaɪz æz wʊd biː ˈniːdəd ˌɪnˈkluːdɪŋ aɪs wɪtʃ wɑːz ə praɪm nəˈsesəti nɑːt soʊ mʌtʃ tuː prəˈzɜːrv ðə miːts æz tuː kuːl ðə ˈwɔːtər ənd pʊt ˈveriəs ˈɑːrtəkəlz ɪn kənˈdɪʃən fɔːr ðə ˈteɪbəl/
Line 5
In spite of the general belief in the dampness of a Florida atmosphere, I learned that meats would keep longer than in Michigan.
/ɪn spaɪt ʌv ðə ˈdʒenərəl bɪˈliːf ɪn ðə ˈdæmpnɪs ʌv ə ˈflɔːrədə ˈætməsfɪr aɪ lɜːrnd ðæt miːts wʊd kiːp ˈlɔːŋɡər ðæn ɪn ˈmɪʃɪɡən/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

culinary adjective US /ˈkjuːlɪneri/

of or relating to or used in cooking

From this reading “Except in Jacksonville, there was no market on the St. Johns River; and Mr. Peeks had been not a little disturbed in relation to the culinary department of the Sylvania.”

dampness noun US /ˈdæmpnɪs/

a slight wetness

From this reading “In spite of the general belief in the dampness of a Florida atmosphere, I learned that meats would keep longer than in Michigan.”

Florida noun US /ˈflɔːrədə/

a state in southeastern United States between the Atlantic and the Gulf of Mexico; one of the Confederate states during the American Civil War

From this reading “In spite of the general belief in the dampness of a Florida atmosphere, I learned that meats would keep longer than in Michigan.”

Jacksonville noun US /ˈdʒæksənvɪl/

Florida's largest city; a port and important commercial center in northeastern Florida

From this reading “Except in Jacksonville, there was no market on the St. Johns River; and Mr. Peeks had been not a little disturbed in relation to the culinary department of the Sylvania.”

Johns noun US /dʒɑːnz/

United States artist and proponent of pop art (born in 1930)

From this reading “Except in Jacksonville, there was no market on the St. Johns River; and Mr. Peeks had been not a little disturbed in relation to the culinary department of the Sylvania.”

meats noun US /miːts/

plural of “meat” — the flesh of animals (including fishes and birds and snails) used as food

From this reading “He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.”

Michigan noun US /ˈmɪʃɪɡən/

a midwestern state in north central United States in the Great Lakes region

From this reading “In spite of the general belief in the dampness of a Florida atmosphere, I learned that meats would keep longer than in Michigan.”

Peeks noun US /piːks/

plural of “peek” — a secret look

From this reading “Except in Jacksonville, there was no market on the St. Johns River; and Mr. Peeks had been not a little disturbed in relation to the culinary department of the Sylvania.”

All words in this reading · 104

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Except in Jacksonville, there was no market on the St. Johns River; and Mr. Peeks had been not a little disturbed in relation to the culinary department of the Sylvania.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading He could not go on shore at the villages on the river, and buy what he wanted; but with several steamers every day going up to Pilatka, and several every week going up the Ocklawaha, I assured him he would have no difficulty about feeding his passengers.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Except in Jacksonville, there was no market on the St. Johns River; and Mr. Peeks had been not a little disturbed in relation to the culinary department of the Sylvania.

arrangementnounUS /ərˈeɪndʒmənt/

the thing arranged or agreed to

From this reading He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.

articlesnounUS /ˈɑːrtəkəlz/

plural of “article” — nonfictional prose forming an independent part of a publication

From this reading He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.

assuredadjectiveUS /əˈʃʊrd/

marked by assurance; exhibiting confidence

From this reading He could not go on shore at the villages on the river, and buy what he wanted; but with several steamers every day going up to Pilatka, and several every week going up the Ocklawaha, I assured him he would have no difficulty about feeding his passengers.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading He could not go on shore at the villages on the river, and buy what he wanted; but with several steamers every day going up to Pilatka, and several every week going up the Ocklawaha, I assured him he would have no difficulty about feeding his passengers.

atmospherenounUS /ˈætməsfɪr/

a particular environment or surrounding influence

From this reading In spite of the general belief in the dampness of a Florida atmosphere, I learned that meats would keep longer than in Michigan.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Except in Jacksonville, there was no market on the St. Johns River; and Mr. Peeks had been not a little disturbed in relation to the culinary department of the Sylvania.

beliefnounUS /bɪˈliːf/

any cognitive content held as true

From this reading In spite of the general belief in the dampness of a Florida atmosphere, I learned that meats would keep longer than in Michigan.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He could not go on shore at the villages on the river, and buy what he wanted; but with several steamers every day going up to Pilatka, and several every week going up the Ocklawaha, I assured him he would have no difficulty about feeding his passengers.

buyverbUS /baɪ/

obtain by purchase; acquire by means of a financial transaction

From this reading He could not go on shore at the villages on the river, and buy what he wanted; but with several steamers every day going up to Pilatka, and several every week going up the Ocklawaha, I assured him he would have no difficulty about feeding his passengers.

conditionnounUS /kənˈdɪʃən/

a state at a particular time

From this reading He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.

cooladjectiveUS /kuːl/

neither warm nor very cold; giving relief from heat

From this reading He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading He could not go on shore at the villages on the river, and buy what he wanted; but with several steamers every day going up to Pilatka, and several every week going up the Ocklawaha, I assured him he would have no difficulty about feeding his passengers.

culinaryadjectiveUS /ˈkjuːlɪneri/

of or relating to or used in cooking

From this reading Except in Jacksonville, there was no market on the St. Johns River; and Mr. Peeks had been not a little disturbed in relation to the culinary department of the Sylvania.

dampnessnounUS /ˈdæmpnɪs/

a slight wetness

From this reading In spite of the general belief in the dampness of a Florida atmosphere, I learned that meats would keep longer than in Michigan.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading He could not go on shore at the villages on the river, and buy what he wanted; but with several steamers every day going up to Pilatka, and several every week going up the Ocklawaha, I assured him he would have no difficulty about feeding his passengers.

departmentnounUS /dɪˈpɑːrtmənt/

a specialized division of a large organization

From this reading Except in Jacksonville, there was no market on the St. Johns River; and Mr. Peeks had been not a little disturbed in relation to the culinary department of the Sylvania.

DEPARTUREnounUS /dɪˈpɑːrtʃər/

the act of departing

From this reading DIFFICULTIES IN THE WAY OF DEPARTURE.

DIFFICULTIESnounUS /ˈdɪfəkəltiz/

plural of “difficulty” — an effort that is inconvenient

From this reading DIFFICULTIES IN THE WAY OF DEPARTURE.

difficultynounUS /ˈdɪfəkəlti/

an effort that is inconvenient

From this reading He could not go on shore at the villages on the river, and buy what he wanted; but with several steamers every day going up to Pilatka, and several every week going up the Ocklawaha, I assured him he would have no difficulty about feeding his passengers.

disturbedadjectiveUS /dɪˈstɜːrbd/

having the place or position changed

From this reading Except in Jacksonville, there was no market on the St. Johns River; and Mr. Peeks had been not a little disturbed in relation to the culinary department of the Sylvania.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading He could not go on shore at the villages on the river, and buy what he wanted; but with several steamers every day going up to Pilatka, and several every week going up the Ocklawaha, I assured him he would have no difficulty about feeding his passengers.

ExceptprepositionUS /ɪkˈsept/

apart from; not including

From this reading Except in Jacksonville, there was no market on the St. Johns River; and Mr. Peeks had been not a little disturbed in relation to the culinary department of the Sylvania.

feedingnounUS /ˈfiːdɪŋ/

the act of consuming food

From this reading He could not go on shore at the villages on the river, and buy what he wanted; but with several steamers every day going up to Pilatka, and several every week going up the Ocklawaha, I assured him he would have no difficulty about feeding his passengers.

FloridanounUS /ˈflɔːrədə/

a state in southeastern United States between the Atlantic and the Gulf of Mexico; one of the Confederate states during the American Civil War

From this reading In spite of the general belief in the dampness of a Florida atmosphere, I learned that meats would keep longer than in Michigan.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.

forwardadverbUS /ˈfɔːrwərd/

at or to or toward the front

From this reading He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.

generaladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading In spite of the general belief in the dampness of a Florida atmosphere, I learned that meats would keep longer than in Michigan.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading He could not go on shore at the villages on the river, and buy what he wanted; but with several steamers every day going up to Pilatka, and several every week going up the Ocklawaha, I assured him he would have no difficulty about feeding his passengers.

goingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading He could not go on shore at the villages on the river, and buy what he wanted; but with several steamers every day going up to Pilatka, and several every week going up the Ocklawaha, I assured him he would have no difficulty about feeding his passengers.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Except in Jacksonville, there was no market on the St. Johns River; and Mr. Peeks had been not a little disturbed in relation to the culinary department of the Sylvania.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading He could not go on shore at the villages on the river, and buy what he wanted; but with several steamers every day going up to Pilatka, and several every week going up the Ocklawaha, I assured him he would have no difficulty about feeding his passengers.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He could not go on shore at the villages on the river, and buy what he wanted; but with several steamers every day going up to Pilatka, and several every week going up the Ocklawaha, I assured him he would have no difficulty about feeding his passengers.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He could not go on shore at the villages on the river, and buy what he wanted; but with several steamers every day going up to Pilatka, and several every week going up the Ocklawaha, I assured him he would have no difficulty about feeding his passengers.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He could not go on shore at the villages on the river, and buy what he wanted; but with several steamers every day going up to Pilatka, and several every week going up the Ocklawaha, I assured him he would have no difficulty about feeding his passengers.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading He could not go on shore at the villages on the river, and buy what he wanted; but with several steamers every day going up to Pilatka, and several every week going up the Ocklawaha, I assured him he would have no difficulty about feeding his passengers.

icenounUS /aɪs/

water frozen in the solid state

From this reading He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading DIFFICULTIES IN THE WAY OF DEPARTURE.

includingverbUS /ˌɪnˈkluːdɪŋ/

-ing form of “include” — have as a part, be made up out of

From this reading He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.

JacksonvillenounUS /ˈdʒæksənvɪl/

Florida's largest city; a port and important commercial center in northeastern Florida

From this reading Except in Jacksonville, there was no market on the St. Johns River; and Mr. Peeks had been not a little disturbed in relation to the culinary department of the Sylvania.

JohnsnounUS /dʒɑːnz/

United States artist and proponent of pop art (born in 1930)

From this reading Except in Jacksonville, there was no market on the St. Johns River; and Mr. Peeks had been not a little disturbed in relation to the culinary department of the Sylvania.

keepverbUS /kiːp/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading In spite of the general belief in the dampness of a Florida atmosphere, I learned that meats would keep longer than in Michigan.

keepernounUS /ˈkiːpər/

someone in charge of other people

From this reading He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.

learnedadjectiveUS /lɜːrnd/

having or showing profound knowledge

From this reading In spite of the general belief in the dampness of a Florida atmosphere, I learned that meats would keep longer than in Michigan.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Except in Jacksonville, there was no market on the St. Johns River; and Mr. Peeks had been not a little disturbed in relation to the culinary department of the Sylvania.

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading In spite of the general belief in the dampness of a Florida atmosphere, I learned that meats would keep longer than in Michigan.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.

marketnounUS /ˈmɑːrkət/

the world of commercial activity where goods and services are bought and sold

From this reading Except in Jacksonville, there was no market on the St. Johns River; and Mr. Peeks had been not a little disturbed in relation to the culinary department of the Sylvania.

meatsnounUS /miːts/

plural of “meat” — the flesh of animals (including fishes and birds and snails) used as food

From this reading He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.

MichigannounUS /ˈmɪʃɪɡən/

a midwestern state in north central United States in the Great Lakes region

From this reading In spite of the general belief in the dampness of a Florida atmosphere, I learned that meats would keep longer than in Michigan.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading Except in Jacksonville, there was no market on the St. Johns River; and Mr. Peeks had been not a little disturbed in relation to the culinary department of the Sylvania.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.

necessitynounUS /nəˈsesəti/

the condition of being essential or indispensable

From this reading He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.

neededadjectiveUS /ˈniːdəd/

necessary for relief or supply

From this reading He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Except in Jacksonville, there was no market on the St. Johns River; and Mr. Peeks had been not a little disturbed in relation to the culinary department of the Sylvania.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Except in Jacksonville, there was no market on the St. Johns River; and Mr. Peeks had been not a little disturbed in relation to the culinary department of the Sylvania.

obtainedverbUS /əbˈteɪnd/

past form of “obtain” — come into possession of

From this reading He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.

Ocklawaha

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He could not go on shore at the villages on the river, and buy what he wanted; but with several steamers every day going up to Pilatka, and several every week going up the Ocklawaha, I assured him he would have no difficulty about feeding his passengers.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading DIFFICULTIES IN THE WAY OF DEPARTURE.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Except in Jacksonville, there was no market on the St. Johns River; and Mr. Peeks had been not a little disturbed in relation to the culinary department of the Sylvania.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.

passengersnounUS /ˈpæsəndʒərz/

plural of “passenger” — a traveler riding in a vehicle (a boat or bus or car or plane or train etc) who is not operating it

From this reading He could not go on shore at the villages on the river, and buy what he wanted; but with several steamers every day going up to Pilatka, and several every week going up the Ocklawaha, I assured him he would have no difficulty about feeding his passengers.

PeeksnounUS /piːks/

plural of “peek” — a secret look

From this reading Except in Jacksonville, there was no market on the St. Johns River; and Mr. Peeks had been not a little disturbed in relation to the culinary department of the Sylvania.

Pilatka

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He could not go on shore at the villages on the river, and buy what he wanted; but with several steamers every day going up to Pilatka, and several every week going up the Ocklawaha, I assured him he would have no difficulty about feeding his passengers.

preserveverbUS /prəˈzɜːrv/

keep or maintain in unaltered condition; cause to remain or last

From this reading He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.

primeadjectiveUS /praɪm/

first in rank or degree

From this reading He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.

relationnounUS /riˈleɪʃən/

an abstraction belonging to or characteristic of two entities or parts together

From this reading Except in Jacksonville, there was no market on the St. Johns River; and Mr. Peeks had been not a little disturbed in relation to the culinary department of the Sylvania.

RivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading Except in Jacksonville, there was no market on the St. Johns River; and Mr. Peeks had been not a little disturbed in relation to the culinary department of the Sylvania.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading He could not go on shore at the villages on the river, and buy what he wanted; but with several steamers every day going up to Pilatka, and several every week going up the Ocklawaha, I assured him he would have no difficulty about feeding his passengers.

shorenounUS /ʃɔːr/

the land along the edge of a body of water

From this reading He could not go on shore at the villages on the river, and buy what he wanted; but with several steamers every day going up to Pilatka, and several every week going up the Ocklawaha, I assured him he would have no difficulty about feeding his passengers.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.

spitenounUS /spaɪt/

feeling a need to see others suffer

From this reading In spite of the general belief in the dampness of a Florida atmosphere, I learned that meats would keep longer than in Michigan.

St

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Except in Jacksonville, there was no market on the St. Johns River; and Mr. Peeks had been not a little disturbed in relation to the culinary department of the Sylvania.

stallnounUS /stɔːl/

a compartment in a stable where a single animal is confined and fed

From this reading He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.

steamersnounUS /ˈstiːmərz/

plural of “steamer” — a clam that is usually steamed in the shell

From this reading He could not go on shore at the villages on the river, and buy what he wanted; but with several steamers every day going up to Pilatka, and several every week going up the Ocklawaha, I assured him he would have no difficulty about feeding his passengers.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.

suppliesnounUS /səˈplaɪz/

plural of “supply” — an amount of something available for use

From this reading He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.

Sylvania

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Except in Jacksonville, there was no market on the St. Johns River; and Mr. Peeks had been not a little disturbed in relation to the culinary department of the Sylvania.

tablenounUS /ˈteɪbəl/

a set of data arranged in rows and columns

From this reading He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading In spite of the general belief in the dampness of a Florida atmosphere, I learned that meats would keep longer than in Michigan.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading In spite of the general belief in the dampness of a Florida atmosphere, I learned that meats would keep longer than in Michigan.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading DIFFICULTIES IN THE WAY OF DEPARTURE.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Except in Jacksonville, there was no market on the St. Johns River; and Mr. Peeks had been not a little disturbed in relation to the culinary department of the Sylvania.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Except in Jacksonville, there was no market on the St. Johns River; and Mr. Peeks had been not a little disturbed in relation to the culinary department of the Sylvania.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading He could not go on shore at the villages on the river, and buy what he wanted; but with several steamers every day going up to Pilatka, and several every week going up the Ocklawaha, I assured him he would have no difficulty about feeding his passengers.

variousadjectiveUS /ˈveriəs/

of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity

From this reading He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.

villagesnounUS /ˈvɪlədʒəz/

plural of “village” — a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading He could not go on shore at the villages on the river, and buy what he wanted; but with several steamers every day going up to Pilatka, and several every week going up the Ocklawaha, I assured him he would have no difficulty about feeding his passengers.

wantedadjectiveUS /ˈwɔːntɪd/

desired or wished for or sought

From this reading He could not go on shore at the villages on the river, and buy what he wanted; but with several steamers every day going up to Pilatka, and several every week going up the Ocklawaha, I assured him he would have no difficulty about feeding his passengers.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Except in Jacksonville, there was no market on the St. Johns River; and Mr. Peeks had been not a little disturbed in relation to the culinary department of the Sylvania.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.

WAYnounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading DIFFICULTIES IN THE WAY OF DEPARTURE.

weeknounUS /wiːk/

any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading He could not go on shore at the villages on the river, and buy what he wanted; but with several steamers every day going up to Pilatka, and several every week going up the Ocklawaha, I assured him he would have no difficulty about feeding his passengers.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading He could not go on shore at the villages on the river, and buy what he wanted; but with several steamers every day going up to Pilatka, and several every week going up the Ocklawaha, I assured him he would have no difficulty about feeding his passengers.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading He made an arrangement with the keeper of the stall where he had obtained his best meats to forward to him, on his order, such supplies as would be needed, including ice, which was a prime necessity, not so much to preserve the meats as to cool the water, and put various articles in condition for the table.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He could not go on shore at the villages on the river, and buy what he wanted; but with several steamers every day going up to Pilatka, and several every week going up the Ocklawaha, I assured him he would have no difficulty about feeding his passengers.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading He could not go on shore at the villages on the river, and buy what he wanted; but with several steamers every day going up to Pilatka, and several every week going up the Ocklawaha, I assured him he would have no difficulty about feeding his passengers.

Chapter 20 of Down South by Oliver Optic holds 110 sentences, grouped into 22 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of Down South contain?

Chapter 20 holds 110 sentences of Down South, unabridged, divided into 22 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of Down South by Oliver Optic exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 110 sentences, grouped into 22 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of Down South?

Work through the 22 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 22 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Down South

Common questions about reading Down South by Oliver Optic on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Down South?

Yes. All 3543 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #24554 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Down South is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #24554, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Down South take to read?

About 295 minutes of reading across 709 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Down South section by section

How to work through Down South section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 30 chapters of Down South to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Down South

Words and structures a reader meets early in Down South, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Great
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Down South; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Western
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Down South; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Series
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Down South; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Going
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Down South; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.